1.Laser category
Laser shine mafi tsakiyar ɓangaren na'urar gani wanda ke allurar halin yanzu cikin kayan na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto kuma yana fitar da hasken laser ta hanyar oscillations na photon da ribar a cikin rami. A halin yanzu, Laser da aka fi amfani da su shine FP da DFB. Bambanci shine cewa kayan aikin semiconductor da tsarin rami sun bambanta. Farashin Laser na DFB ya fi tsada sosai fiye da Laser na FP. Na'urorin gani tare da nisan watsawa har zuwa 40KM gabaɗaya suna amfani da laser FP; Modulolin gani tare da nisan watsawa ≥40KM gabaɗaya suna amfani da laser DFB.
2.Asara da watsewa
Asara ita ce asarar makamashin haske saboda sha da watsawa na matsakaici da kuma zubar da haske lokacin da aka watsa haske a cikin fiber. Wannan bangare na makamashin yana bazuwa a wani ƙayyadadden ƙimar yayin da nisan watsawa ke ƙaruwa. Watsawa yana faruwa ne ta hanyar rashin daidaiton saurin raƙuman igiyoyin lantarki daban-daban da ke yaɗawa a cikin matsakaici iri ɗaya, wanda ke haifar da sassa daban-daban na siginar gani don isa ga Karɓar ƙarewa a lokuta daban-daban saboda tarawar nisa na watsawa, yana haifar da faɗaɗa bugun jini kuma don haka rashin iya bambanta ƙimar sigina.Wadannan sigogi biyu sun fi shafar nisan watsawa na na'urar gani. A cikin ainihin tsarin aikace-aikacen, 1310nm na gani na gani gabaɗaya yana ƙididdige asarar hanyar haɗin gwiwa a 0.35dBm/km, kuma 1550nm na gani na gani gabaɗaya yana ƙididdige asarar hanyar haɗin gwiwa a .20dBm/km, kuma yana ƙididdige ƙimar watsawa. Mai rikitarwa sosai, gabaɗaya don tunani kawai.
3.Transmitted ikon gani da kuma karɓar hankali
Ikon gani da ake watsawa yana nufin fitowar ƙarfin gani na tushen haske a ƙarshen watsawar na'urar gani. Hankalin karɓa yana nufin mafi ƙarancin ƙarfin gani na gani na tsarin gani a wani ƙayyadadden ƙima da ƙimar kuskure. Raka'o'in waɗannan sigogi guda biyu sune dBm (ma'ana decibel milliwatt, logarithm na naúrar wutar lantarki mw, tsarin lissafin shine 10lg, 1mw ana canza shi zuwa 0dBm), wanda galibi ana amfani dashi don ayyana nisan watsa samfurin, tsayin raƙuman ruwa daban-daban, Adadin watsawa da ikon watsawa na gani na gani da karɓar hankali zai bambanta, muddin ana iya tabbatar da nisan watsawa.
4.Optical module rayuwa
Haɗin kai na duniya, sa'o'i 50,000 na ci gaba da aiki, sa'o'i 50,000 (daidai da shekaru 5).
Na'urorin gani na SFP duk mussoshin LC ne. Na'urorin gani na GBIC duk musaya ne na SC. Sauran musaya sun haɗa da FC da ST.