Ribar eriya: Matsakaicin riba shine siga wanda ke auna juzu'in canjin kuzari da halayen jagora na eriya. Ma'anarsa shine:
Samfurin madaidaicin kwatance da ingancin eriya ana nuna shi azaman: D shine ƙimar jagora kuma shine ingancin eriya. Ana iya ganin cewa mafi girman jimlar ma'auni na eriya, mafi girman adadin ribar. Kuma mahimmancinta na zahiri: ƙimar ƙimar eriya ta bayyana sau da yawa da eriya ke ƙara ƙarfin fitarwa a cikin matsakaicin yanayin hasken wuta idan aka kwatanta da eriya mara kyau. Hakanan ana iya fahimtar shi da yawa azaman rabon eriya ta jagora zuwa ingantacciyar eriya ta ko'ina (wanda haskensa yayi daidai a kowane kwatance) yana haifar da sigina na takamaiman girman a wani wuri a wani tazara. Ingancin Eriya: Ana ayyana ingancin eriya azaman rabon wutar lantarki ta eriya zuwa shigar da wutar lantarki.
Ana amfani da juriya na radiation R na eriya da aka saba amfani da su don gwada ƙarfin eriya don haskaka wuta. Juriya na radiation na eriya wani nau'i ne na kama-da-wane da aka ayyana kamar haka: tare da resistor R, lokacin da na yanzu ke wucewa ta cikinsa yayi daidai da matsakaicin halin yanzu akan eriya, ikon da ya ɓace yana daidai da ƙarfin radiation. Babu shakka, matakin juriya na radiation wani muhimmin alama ne don auna ƙarfin radiation na eriya, wato, girman juriya na radiation, ƙarfin ƙarfin radiation na eriya.
Kayayyakin mu mafi kyawun siyarwa sun haɗa da nau'ikan nau'ikan iri daban-dabanONUjerin samfurori, ciki har da ACONU/ sadarwaONU/mai hankaliONU/akwatinONU, da sauransu Duk naONUAna iya amfani da samfuran jerin samfuran don buƙatun cibiyar sadarwa a yanayi daban-daban.
