Siginar tushe na dijital nau'in igiyar wutar lantarki ce wacce ke wakiltar bayanan dijital, wanda za'a iya wakilta ta da matakai daban-daban ko bugun jini. Akwai nau'ikan sigina na baseband na dijital da yawa (wanda ake kira siginar tushe). Hoto na 6-1 yana nuna wasu siginar siginar tushe kaɗan, kuma za mu yi amfani da bugun bugun rectangular a matsayin misali.
1. Unipolar igiyar igiyar ruwa
Kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto na 6-1(a), wannan shine mafi sauƙin siginar igiyar ruwa. Yana amfani da madaidaicin matakin da matakin sifili don wakiltar lambobin binary "1" da "0," ko kuma yana amfani da kasancewar ko rashi na bugun jini don wakiltar "1" da "0" a cikin lokacin alama. Halayen wannan nau'in igiyar ruwa. shine cewa babu tazara tsakanin bugun wutar lantarki, polarity ɗin guda ɗaya ne, kuma ana samun sauƙin samar da shi ta hanyoyin TTL da CMOS. Ana iya aika ta cikin kwamfuta ko tsakanin abubuwa na kusa, kamar bugu na allon kewayawa da chassis.
2. Bipolar waveform
Yana amfani da bugun jini mai kyau da mara kyau don wakiltar lambobi na binary "1" da "0," kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin Hoto 6-1 (b) .Saboda matakan da suka dace da marasa kyau suna da daidaitattun amplitudes da ƙananan polarities, babu wani ɓangaren DC lokacin da aka nuna. yuwuwar "1" da "0" ya bayyana, wanda ke taimakawa wajen watsawa a cikin tashar, kuma matakin yanke shawara don mayar da siginar a ƙarshen karɓa ba shi da kome, saboda haka, ba a canza canjin tashoshi ba, kuma ikon hana tsangwama kuma yana da ƙarfi. ITU-T's V.24 mizanin mu'amala da mu'amala da ma'aunin mu'amalar fasahar lantarki ta Amurka (EIA) RS-232C duk suna amfani da nau'ikan waveform na bipolar.
3. Unipolar komawa-zuwa-sifili kalaman kalaman
Faɗin bugun bugun zuciya mai aiki na sifili (RZ) waveform bai kai faɗin alamar T ba, wanda ke nufin cewa ƙarfin wutar lantarki koyaushe yana komawa sifili kafin lokacin ƙarewar alama, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 6-1(c) ) nuna. Yawancin lokaci, hanyar komawa-zuwa-sifili tana amfani da lambar rabin aiki, wato, zagayowar aikin (T/TB) shine 50%, kuma ana iya fitar da bayanin lokacin kai tsaye daga tsarin raƙuman ruwa na RZ unipolar. canjin yanayi.
daidai da tsarin koma baya-zuwa sifili. Siffofin igiyoyin igiyar ruwa na unipolar da bipolar da ke sama suna cikin tsarin raƙuman raƙuman ruwa marasa dawowa-zuwa-sifili (NRZ) tare da zagayen aiki na.
4.Bipolar komawa-zuwa-sifili waveform
Siffar komawa-zuwa-sifi ce ta nau'in waveform na bipolar, kamar yadda aka nuna a hoto 6-1(d). Yana haɗa halayen bipolar da kuma komawa-zuwa-sifili. Saboda akwai yuwuwar tazara tsakanin bugun jini na kusa, mai karɓa zai iya gano lokacin farawa da ƙarshen kowace alama cikin sauƙi, ta yadda mai aikawa da mai karɓa za su iya kiyaye daidaitaccen aiki tare. Wannan fa'idar yana sanya waveforms nulling na bipolar amfani.
5. Bambance-bambancen kalaman kalaman
Irin wannan nau'in igiyar igiyar ruwa yana bayyana saƙon tare da sauyawa da canji na matakin alamar da ke kusa, ba tare da la'akari da yuwuwar ko polarity na alamar kanta ba, kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoto 6-1 (e). A cikin adadi, "1" yana wakilta ta matakin tsalle, kuma "0" yana wakilta da matakin da bai canza ba. Tabbas, abubuwan da ke sama kuma za a iya juya su. Tun da bambancin igiyar igiyar ruwa tana wakiltar saƙo ta hanyar canjin dangi na matakan bugun jini na kusa, ana kuma kiranta da lambar dangi kuma daidai da haka, igiyar igiyar unipolar ko bipolar da ta gabata ana kiranta cikakkiyar lambar igiyar igiyar ruwa. Yin amfani da nau'ikan igiyoyi daban-daban don watsa saƙonni na iya kawar da tasirin yanayin farkon na'urar, musamman a cikin tsarin daidaita yanayin lokaci. Ana iya amfani da shi don magance matsalar rashin daidaituwar lokaci mai ɗaukar kaya.
6. Multi-matakin kalaman kalaman
Akwai matakai biyu kacal na nau'ikan raƙuman ruwa na sama, wato, alamar binary ɗaya yayi daidai da bugun bugun jini ɗaya. Domin inganta amfani da bandeji na mitar, ana iya amfani da nau'i mai nau'i-nau'i ko nau'i mai ƙima. Hoto na 6-1 (f) yana nuna nau'i na nau'i hudu na 2B1Q (biyu suna wakilta ta ɗaya daga cikin matakan hudu), inda 11 yana wakiltar + 3E, 10 yana wakiltar + E, 00 yana wakiltar -E, kuma 01 yana wakiltar -3E. Ana amfani da nau'i mai nau'i-nau'i masu yawa a cikin tsarin watsa bayanai masu sauri tare da iyakataccen maɗaurin mitar. Tun da bugun jini ɗaya na nau'in raƙuman raƙuman ruwa da yawa ya yi daidai da lambobin binary da yawa, ƙimar bit ɗin yana ƙaruwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙimar baud iri ɗaya (bandaddin watsawa iri ɗaya). An yi amfani da shi sosai.
Ya kamata a lura cewa nau'in motsin bugun jini guda ɗaya wanda ke wakiltar alamar bayani ba lallai bane ya zama rectangular. Dangane da ainihin buƙatu da yanayin tashoshi, ana iya amfani da wasu nau'ikan irin su bugun jini na Gaussian, bugun jini na cosine, da sauransu. Amma ko da wane nau'i ne na waveform ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi, ana iya wakilta siginar tushe na dijital ta hanyar lissafi. Idan raƙuman raƙuman ruwa da ke wakiltar alamomin iri ɗaya ne amma ƙimar matakin sun bambanta.
Wannan shine "Gabatarwa ga Digital Baseband Signal Waveforms" wanda Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., Ltd. ya kawo muku, Ina fatan wannan labarin zai iya taimaka muku wajen haɓaka ilimin ku. Bayan wannan labarin idan kuna neman ingantaccen kamfanin kera kayan sadarwar fiber na gani za ku iya la'akari da sugame da mu.
Shenzhen HDV photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. shine yafi masana'anta na samfuran sadarwa. A halin yanzu, kayan aikin da aka samar sun rufejerin ONU, na gani module jerin, Hanyoyin ciniki na OLT, kumatransceiver jerin. Za mu iya samar da ayyuka na musamman don yanayi daban-daban. Barka da zuwatuntuba.
