Aikace-aikacen Fasahar EPON a cikin hanyar sadarwa ta FTTx

Fasahar FTTx na tushen EPON tana da fa'idodin babban bandwidth, babban abin dogaro, ƙarancin kulawa, da fasaha mai girma. Abu na biyu, yana gabatar da samfurin aikace-aikacen EPON na yau da kullun a cikin FTTx, sannan yayi nazarin mahimman abubuwan fasahar EPON a cikin aikace-aikacen kuma yayi nazarin EPON. Ana nazarin fa'idodin. Mahimman batutuwa guda uku naOLTMatsayin cibiyar sadarwa na kayan aiki, yanayin sadarwar sabis na murya, da haɗin gwiwar gine-ginen gudanarwar cibiyar sadarwa a cikin hanyar sadarwar samun damar FTTx na tushen EPON.

1, EPON aikace-aikace yanayin bincike

Fasahar EPON a halin yanzu ita ce babban aiwatar da hanyoyin samun damar gani da watsa shirye-shirye da FTTx. Yin la'akari da halaye na fasahar EPON, balaga, farashin zuba jari, buƙatun kasuwanci, gasar kasuwa da sauran dalilai, ana iya raba manyan aikace-aikacen fasahar EPON zuwa nau'ikan masu zuwa:

FTTH (Fiber zuwa Home), FTTD (Fiber zuwa Desktop), FTTB (Fiber zuwa Ginin), FTTN/V, da dai sauransu. Hanyoyi guda huɗu galibi suna bayyana a cikin bambancin matsayi na ƙarshen kebul na gani, tsayin igiyoyin jan ƙarfe na jan ƙarfe, da kewayon masu amfani da ke rufe da kumburi guda ɗaya, Ƙayyade matsayi na hanyar samun fiber daONUa cikin X a cikin FTTx. Ta hanyar ƙaddamar da FTTx daban-daban don cimma fiber na gani, babban burin FTTH don inganta fiber na gani zuwa gida, FTTB / FTTN shine yanayin ƙaddamar da tattalin arziki a wannan mataki.

EPON yana ɗaukar Ethernet azaman mai ɗaukar hoto, yana ɗaukar ma'ana zuwa tsarin multipoint da yanayin watsa fiber na gani. Ƙididdiga na ƙasa zai iya kaiwa 10Gbit / s a ​​halin yanzu, kuma haɗin kai yana aika rafin bayanai a cikin nau'i na fakitin Ethernet. A halin yanzu, an yi amfani da Fasahar EPON sosai a cikin kowane nau'in "Tsarin gani a cikin jan ƙarfe" yanayin ginin masu aiki. Daga mahangar juyin halittar hanyar sadarwa ta FTTx na dogon lokaci, bayyanar fasahar 10G EPON kuma tana ba da ingantacciyar mafita ga haɓaka hanyar sadarwa ta FTTx masu aiki.

FTTx yana amfani da fiber na gani azaman matsakaicin watsawa, wanda ke da fa'idodin babban ƙarfin watsawa, inganci mai inganci, babban abin dogaro, nesa mai nisa, da tsangwama na anti-electromagnetic. Ita ce jagorar ci gaba na hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa.

(1) Hanyar FTTH

FTTH, ko hanyar fiber-to-the-gida, ya dace da wuraren da masu amfani ke rayuwa da tarwatsewa, kamar ƙauyuka, inda masu amfani ke da buƙatu mafi girma don bandwidth, kuma masu haɓakawa suna da hannu sosai a cikin ginin cibiyar sadarwa.FTTH ya gane “dukkan damar gani, babu tagulla a cikin dukkan tsari”. Kulli ɗaya yayi daidai da mai amfani ɗaya. Mai amfani yana samun mafi girman bandwidth da damar kasuwanci, amma farashin ginin kuma yana da yawa.

(2) Hanyar FTTD

Hanyar FTTD ta dace da yanayin yanayi inda gine-ginen ofis na ƙarshe da sauran masu amfani suka tattara kuma suna buƙatar babban bandwidth, kuma ya dace da yanayin yanayin inda manyan sabis na bandwidth kamar IPTV ke haɓaka a cikin wuraren zama masu yawa. Hanyar sadarwar gabaɗaya ita ce cire kebul na gani daga cikinOLTa tsakiyar ofishin zuwa ginin, sanya mai raba na gani a cikin dakin mikawa ko corridor na ginin, kuma haɗa shi zuwa tebur mai amfani ta hanyar kebul na gani na ginin ko kebul na digo. A wannan yanayin, ya zama dole don zaɓar ko sanya shi mai raba gani a cikin corridor ko a cikin dakin mikawa na ginin bisa ga tsananin masu amfani. A lokaci guda, la'akari da saukakawa na shigarwa, fasahar haɗin sanyi ya kamata a yi amfani da shi kamar yadda zai yiwu lokacin shigarwaONUa gefen mai amfani.

(3) Hanyar FTTB

Hanyar FTTB ta dace da yanayin yanayi inda adadin dangi na masu amfani a cikin ginin kasuwanci guda ɗaya yana da ƙananan kuma buƙatun bandwidth ba su da yawa. FTTB ya gane "fiber zuwa ginin, jan karfe baya barin ginin." Kebul na gani na ma'aikaci ya miƙe zuwa ginin, kuma an tura kullin shiga cikin corridor. Ta hanyar wannan kumburi, an rufe bukatun kasuwanci na duk masu amfani a cikin ginin, kuma mai amfani da damar yin amfani da bandwidth da damar kasuwanci ya kasance Mai girma sosai, shine babban mafita ga sabbin al'ummomin da aka gina;

(4) Hanyar FTTN/V

FTTN/V shine ainihin "fiber ga al'umma (kauye), jan karfe ba zai iya barin al'umma (kauye)", ma'aikacin yana tura kebul na fiber optic a cikin al'umma (kauye), kuma yana sanya ƙaramin lamba ko ma nodes kawai a cikin dakin kwamfuta ko ofishin waje na al'umma (kauye), Don cimma kasuwancin kasuwanci ga masu amfani a cikin dukan al'umma (kauye), da damar bandwidth da damar kasuwanci suna da rauni. Ita ce mafita ta al'ada don sake gina birane da yankunan karkara "takardar jan hankali".

Hanyoyin sadarwar daban-daban suna shafar ginin ODN kai tsaye da saitunan abubuwan cibiyar sadarwar PON. Ya kamata a zaɓi yanayin sadarwar da ya dace bisa ga ainihin buƙatu. Za a iya kafa tsarin dandalin sadarwa na FTTx ta abokan ciniki daban-daban da kuma hanyoyin aikace-aikacen sadarwar FTTx daban-daban a yankuna daban-daban.

2. Matsalar bincike na EPON a aikace-aikace

2.1 Babban abubuwan EPON a cikin tsara ayyuka

EPON ya fi la'akari da abubuwa 4 a cikin tsara aikin: tsara tsarin hanyar sadarwa na gani,OLTwurin shigarwa, wurin shigarwa na gani splitter, daONUnau'in.

Tsarin tsari na kebul na gani, hanyar shiga gida, da zaɓin na USB / fiber na gani sune batutuwa mafi mahimmanci a cikin tsarin sadarwar EPON, wanda zai shafi gaba ɗaya zuba jari, amfani da na'urar gani, amfani da kayan aiki da bututun mai. amfani. Amfani da fasahar PON yana sanya buƙatu masu yawa akan yanayin sadarwar kebul na gani na mai amfani na yanzu, musamman a cikin tsarar kebul na gani na mai amfani a cikin tantanin halitta. Idan kebul na fiber optic aka keɓe daban ga kowane mai amfani, ana buƙatar babban adadin igiyoyin fiber optic a cikin tantanin halitta, wanda zai cinye albarkatun bututun mai da yawa a cikin tantanin halitta, yana haifar da haɓakar farashin kowane mai amfani. Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a yi aiki mai kyau a cikin tsara tsarin hanyar sadarwa na na'urar mai amfani da mai amfani a farkon matakin ginin, ciki har da kashin baya na kebul na kebul na kashin baya, lambar mahimmanci, da dai sauransu, don kauce wa ɓata albarkatu gwargwadon yiwuwa.

Wurin zama naOLTkuma splitter zai tasiri sosai akan shimfidawa da farashin saka hannun jari na hanyar sadarwa ta kebul na gani. Misali,OLTturawa a ofishin tsakiya zai mamaye wani bangare na kebul na gani na kashin baya, kuma turawa a cikin al'umma yana iyakance ta albarkatun dakin ofis da kuma tallafi na tallafi.OLTa babban ofishin. Lokacin zabar wurin kowace na'ura, yakamata a yi la'akari da rarraba masu amfani a cikin tantanin halitta da buƙatun bandwidth na masu amfani daban-daban a lokaci guda, kuma ƙungiyar masu amfani da tarwatsa masu amfani yakamata a bi da su daban.

Nau'inONUya kamata a zaba tare da shimfidar kebul a cikin wurin shiga.ONUgalibi sun haɗa da POS+DSL da POS+LAN. Misali, lokacin da wayoyi na ginin a cikin al'umma ke da karkatattun nau'i-nau'i, daONUza ta yi amfani da POS + DSL, Samun murya ta hanyar softswitch, hanyar sadarwa ta ADSL/VDSL; Lokacin gina wayoyi a cikin al'umma yana ɗaukar nau'ikan wayoyi na 5,ONUza su yi amfani da kayan aikin POS + LAN, kuma don gine-ginen ofis, raka'a, da wuraren shakatawa tare da haɗakar wayoyi,ONUzai yi amfani da Kayan aiki tare da LAN interface.

A cikin ƙirar injiniya, matsakaicin ƙimar ƙima a cikin ODN dole ne a sarrafa shi, kuma ana ba da shawarar sarrafa shi a cikin 26dB.

2.2 Siffofin EPON a cikin sadarwar FTTX

Idan aka kwatanta da fasahohin samun damar al'ada, fasahar FTTx da ke ƙara girma dangane da EPON tana da fa'idodi masu zuwa:

(1) Fasaha yana da sauƙi, farashin yana da ƙananan, kuma ana iya watsa ayyukan IP da kyau, wanda ya dace da sassauƙa da saurin ƙaddamar da ayyuka. EPON abu ne mai sauƙi don ginawa. An tura ODN a cikin ginin, kumaONUana tura su a gefen mai amfani don samar da ayyuka daban-daban. Lokacin ginin gajere ne kuma ƙaddamar da sabis ya dace da sassauƙa.

(2) A cikin tsarin, babu buƙatar saita na'urori masu aiki na gargajiya tsakanin ofishin tsakiya da wuraren masu amfani, adana ginin ɗakin kwamfuta. ODN na'ura ce mara amfani. Yana da sauƙi a sami wurin gina ODN a cikin ginin, wanda ke rage farashin gini, haya da kuma kula da ɗakin kwamfuta.

(3) Cibiyar sadarwa tana da tattalin arziki kuma tana adana farashin ginin cibiyar sadarwa. Cibiyar sadarwa ta FTTx tana ɗaukar tsarin ma'ana-zuwa-multipoint, wanda ke adana albarkatun fiber na kashin baya mai yawa. Fiber mai sauri na iya yin amfani da masu amfani da yawa a lokaci guda, wanda ke inganta haɓakar dawowar saka hannun jari a ginin cibiyar sadarwa.

(4) Mai sauƙin kulawa da sarrafawa. Akwai gudanarwar hanyar sadarwa ta haɗin kai ta EPON a ofishin tsakiya, wanda zai iya sarrafa bangaren mai amfaniONU, wanda ya fi sauƙi don sarrafawa da kulawa fiye da modem HDSL ko modem na gani.

3. Kammalawa

A takaice dai, masu aiki suna fuskantar nau'ikan gasa mai tsanani. A fagen hanyoyin sadarwar yanar gizo, kawai lokacin da masu aiki suka zaɓi hanyar samun dama daidai za su iya ba da cikakken garantin buƙatun masu aiki tare da biyan buƙatun kasuwancin da ke canzawa koyaushe.Tsarin EPON shine sabon fasahar shiga da ke fuskantar gaba. Tsarin EPON dandamali ne na sabis da yawa kuma zaɓi ne mai kyau don canzawa zuwa duk hanyar sadarwar IP. EPON na iya samar da babban sauri, abin dogaro, sabis da yawa da sabis na samun damar sarrafawa a cikin ɗan ƙaramin farashi, wanda shine cikakken bayyanar da garantin ƙimar ga masu amfani da masu aiki.