Cibiyar sadarwa ta EPON tana amfani da hanyar FTTB don samar da hanyar sadarwa, kuma rukunin cibiyar sadarwarta na asali suneOLTkumaONU. TheOLTyana ba da wadatattun tashoshin jiragen ruwa na PON don kayan aikin ofishin tsakiya don haɗawa da suONUkayan aiki;ONUshine kayan aikin mai amfani don samar da bayanan da suka dace da mu'amalar murya don gane samun damar sabis na mai amfani.Ganewar samun dama ga ayyuka daban-daban shine galibi don amfani da alamun VLAN daban-daban don masu amfani daban-daban da ayyuka daban-daban don watsawa ga uwar garken damar sabis daidai, da aika madaidaitan alamun VLAN zuwa cibiyar sadarwar IP mai ɗaukar hoto don watsawa.
1. Gabatarwa zuwa EPON Network
EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) fasaha ce ta hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa ta fiber, wacce ke ɗaukar tsari-zuwa-multipoint, yanayin watsa fiber na gani mai ƙarfi, dangane da babban dandamalin Ethernet mai sauri da Rarraba lokacin MAC (MediaAccessControl) yanayin sarrafa hanyar watsa labarai. , Samar da fasahar samun damar watsa shirye-shirye don ayyuka daban-daban na haɗin gwiwar. Abin da ake kira "passive" yana nufin cewa ODN ba ta ƙunshi kowane na'urorin lantarki masu aiki da wutar lantarki ba, kuma gaba ɗaya ya ƙunshi na'urori masu mahimmanci kamar masu rarraba gani (Splitter). Yana amfani da fasahar PON a Layer na zahiri, ka'idar Ethernet a layin haɗin gwiwa, kuma yana amfani da topology PON don samun damar Ethernet. Sabili da haka, yana haɗuwa da fa'idodin fasaha na PON da fasahar Ethernet: ƙananan farashi, babban bandwidth, haɓaka mai ƙarfi, daidaitawa da sake tsara sabis na sauri, dacewa tare da Ethernet data kasance, gudanarwa mai dacewa, da sauransu.
EPON na iya gane haɗin murya, bayanai, bidiyo, da sabis na wayar hannu. Tsarin EPON yafi hada daOLT(Tsarin layin gani),ONU(Nau'in cibiyar sadarwa na gani),ONT (tashar tashar sadarwa ta gani) da ODN (cibiyar rarrabawar gani), Yana kan matakin hanyar sadarwar hanyar sadarwa kuma ya fi dacewa da samun damar fiber na gani don ayyukan watsa labarai.
Kayan aikin cibiyar sadarwa mai aiki ya haɗa da kayan tara kayan ofis na tsakiya (OLTda naúrar cibiyar sadarwa na gani (Optic Network).ONU). Naúrar hanyar sadarwa ta gani (ONU) yana ba wa masu amfani da hanyar sadarwa tsakanin bayanai, bidiyo, da hanyoyin sadarwar tarho da PON. Matsayin farko naONUshine karɓar siginar gani sannan a canza shi zuwa tsarin da mai amfani ke buƙata (Ethernet, watsawar IP, tarho, T1/E1, da sauransu).OLTAna haɗa kayan aiki zuwa cibiyar sadarwar IP ta hanyar fiber na gani. Gabatarwar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa tana da yanki mai ɗaukar hoto har zuwa 20km, wanda ke tabbatar da cewaOLTza a iya inganta zuwa ga gargajiya metropolitan convergence kumburi daga farkon mataki na Tantancewar damar cibiyar sadarwa yi, ta haka ne sauƙaƙa da cibiyar sadarwa tsarin na samun damar cibiyar sadarwa Layer convergence Layer da ajiye adadin karshen ofisoshin. Bugu da kari, halayen babbar hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa ta gani, babban damar isa ga bandwidth, babban dogaro, da damar tallafin matakin QoS masu yawan ayyuka sun kuma sanya juyin halittar hanyar sadarwa zuwa ga hadadden dandamali, hadewa, da ingantaccen dandamali mai dauke da gaskiya.
2.Basic Principles of EPON Network
Tsarin EPON yana amfani da fasaha na WDM don cimma nasarar watsawa ta hanyar fiber guda ɗaya, ta yin amfani da 1310nm na sama da 1490nm na kasa don watsa bayanai da murya, kuma ayyukan CATV suna amfani da tsawon tsayin 1550nm don ɗauka.OLTan sanya shi a ofishin tsakiya don rarrabawa da sarrafa haɗin tashar tashar, kuma yana da kulawa na ainihi, gudanarwa da ayyukan kulawa. TheONUan sanya shi a gefen mai amfani, da kumaOLTda kumaONUana haɗa su a cikin hanyar 1:16/1:32 ta hanyar hanyar sadarwa mai rarraba kayan gani.
Domin raba sigina daga masu amfani da yawa akan fiber iri ɗaya, ana iya amfani da waɗannan dabaru iri-iri biyu masu zuwa.
1) Rafin bayanan da ke ƙasa yana ɗaukar fasahar watsa shirye-shirye.
A cikin EPON, tsarin watsa bayanai daga ƙasaOLTzuwa da yawaONUana aikawa ta hanyar watsa bayanai. Ana watsa bayanai daga ƙasa zuwa ƙasaOLTzuwa da yawaONUa cikin nau'i na fakiti masu tsayi masu canzawa.Kowane fakitin bayanai yana daEPONtaken fakiti, wanda ke bayyana musamman ko an aika fakitin bayanin zuwa gaONU-1,ONU-2 koONU-3. Hakanan ana iya gano shi azaman fakitin watsa shirye-shirye da aka aika ga kowaONUko zuwa ga wani takamaimanONUrukuni (fakitin multicast). Lokacin data isa wurinONU,daONUyana karɓa da gano fakitin bayanan da aka aika zuwa gare shi ta hanyar daidaita adireshin, kuma yana watsar da fakitin bayanan da aka aika zuwa wasu.ONU. Ana keɓance LLID na musamman bayan an gamaONUan yi rajista; daOLTyana kwatanta lissafin rajistar LLID lokacin karɓar bayanai, da lokacin daONUyana karɓar bayanai, kawai yana karɓar firam ko firam ɗin watsa shirye-shirye waɗanda suka dace da nasa LLID.
2) kwararar bayanai na sama suna ɗaukar fasahar TDMA.
TheOLTkwatanta lissafin rajista na LLID kafin karɓar bayanai; kowanneONUyana aika firam ɗin bayanai a cikin ramin lokaci daidai da kayan aikin ofishi na tsakiyaOLT; Ramin lokacin da aka keɓance (ta hanyar fasahar keɓancewa) yana rama tazarar tazara tsakanin kowaneONUkuma ya nisanci kowaceONURikici tsakanin