He aha ka AON?
ʻO AON kahi ʻoihana ʻenehana ʻenehana, hoʻohana nui i kahi hoʻolālā pūnaewele point-to-point (PTP), a hiki i kēlā me kēia mea hoʻohana ke loaʻa kahi laina fiber optical i hoʻolaʻa ʻia. ʻO ka ʻoihana optical network e pili ana i ka hoʻolaha ʻana onā mea hoʻokele, nā mea hoʻohui hoʻololi, nā mea hana optical a me nā mea hoʻololi ʻē aʻe ma waena o nā lako keʻena kikowaena a me nā ʻāpana hoʻohana i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i ka hōʻailona. Hoʻokele ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻololi e ka uila e hoʻokele i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona kuhikuhi no nā mea kūʻai aku. Loaʻa i nā mea hana ʻenehana ke kumu māmā (laser), ka mea hoʻokipa optical, module transceiver optical, amplifier (fiber amplifier a me semiconductor optical amplifier).
He aha ka PON?
ʻO PON kahi Passive Optical Network, kahi hoʻonohonoho pūnaewele point-to-multipoint, a ʻo ia ka ʻenehana nui no FTTB/FTTH. Hoʻohana wale ʻia ka ʻupena optical passive i ka ODN (optical distribution network) i nā fiber optical a me nā ʻāpana passive, a pono wale nō e hoʻohana i nā lako ola ma ke kumu hōʻailona a me ka hopena e loaʻa ai ka hōʻailona. I loko o kahi ʻōnaehana PON maʻamau, ʻo ka splitter optical ke kumu, a hoʻohana ʻia ka splitter optical e hoʻokaʻawale a hōʻiliʻili i nā hōʻailona optical i hoʻouna ʻia ma o ka pūnaewele. ʻO kēia mau splitters no PON he bidirectional. Ma ka ʻaoʻao i lalo, hoʻolaha ʻia nā lawelawe he nui e like me ka ʻikepili IP, leo, a me ke wikiō e kaOLTaia ma ke keʻena kikowaena ma ke ʻano hoʻolaha ma o ka 1: N passive optical splitter i ka ODN I nā mea a pauONUnā ʻāpana ma ka PON; ma ka ʻaoʻao uka, ʻike ʻike lawelawe he nui mai kēlā me kēiaONUua hui pū ʻia me ka fiber optical like ma o ka 1:N passive optical combiner i loko o ka ODN me ka hoʻopili ʻole ʻana i kekahi i kekahi, a hoʻouna ʻia i kaOLTma ke keʻena kikowaena no ka hopena hoʻokipa.
Loaʻa i kahi pūnaewele ʻike passive kahi pahu laina optical (OLT) i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ke kikowaena mana kikowaena, a me kahi pūʻulu o nā ʻāpana pūnaewele optical (ONU) i hoʻokomo ʻia ma ka pūnaewele mea hoʻohana. ʻO ka pūnaewele hoʻolaha optical (ODN) ma waena o nāOLTa me kaONUloaʻa nā fiber optical a me nā mea hoʻokaʻawale passive a i ʻole nā mea hoʻohui. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo PON i ʻekolu mau ʻenehana loea: ATM-based APON (ATM PON), Ethernet-based EPON (Ethernet PON), a me GPON (Gigabit PON) e pili ana i ka General Frame Protocol.
Ma ka pūnaewele AON, loaʻa i ka mea hoʻohana kahi laina fiber optical i hoʻolaʻaʻia, he mea maʻalahi no ka mālamaʻana i ka pūnaewele ma hope aku, ka hoʻonuiʻana i ka mana, ka hoʻonui pūnaewele, a me nā mea'ē aʻe. ka PON pūnaewele mea maʻamau i kaupalena 'ia fiber optic uwea a hiki i 20 kilomika. Ke alakaʻi nui nei ʻo AON i nā hōʻailona optical ma o nā mea hana, a hoʻohana ʻo PON i nā mea passive me ka hāʻawi ʻole ʻana i ka mana, kahi e loaʻa ai nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe no ka hoʻolaha pūnaewele AON ma mua o PON.