1. Nkewa site na ọrụ nkwukọrịta
Dị ka ụdị ọrụ nkwurịta okwu dị iche iche si dị, usoro nkwurịta okwu nwere ike kewaa n'ime usoro nkwurịta okwu telegraph, usoro nkwurịta okwu ekwentị, usoro nkwurịta okwu data, usoro nkwurịta okwu onyonyo, wdg. A na-ebufekarị site na netwọk nkwukọrịta ekwentị ọha, dị ka nkwukọrịta telegraph na nkwukọrịta data ogologo oge nwere ike ibunye site na ọwa ekwentị. Netwọk nzikọrịta ozi dijitalụ ọrụ agbakwunyere dabara adaba maka nnyefe ozi ụdị ọrụ dị iche iche.
2. Nkewa site na ọnọdụ mgbanwe
Dị ka a na-agbanwe akara ngosi a na-ebufe na ọwa ma ọ bụ na ọ bụghị, usoro nkwurịta okwu nwere ike kewaa n'ime usoro nnyefe baseband na usoro nnyefe bandpass. Mgbasa Baseband bụ nnyefe ozugbo nke akara ngosi na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe, dị ka ekwentị mpaghara, mgbasa ozi USB; Mbufe bandpass bụ okwu izugbe maka nnyefe agbanweela nke akara dị iche iche. Enwere ọtụtụ ụzọ mgbanwe, na Tebụl 1-1 depụtara ụfọdụ ụzọ mgbanwe mgbanwe.
3. Nhazi dịka njirimara mgbaàmà
Dị ka nnyefe ọwa bụ analọg mgbaàmà ma ọ bụ digital mgbaàmà, na nkwurịta okwu usoro na-ekewa n'ime analọg nkwurịta okwu usoro na dijitalụ nkwurịta okwu usoro.
4, dị ka nnyefe ọkara nhazi ọkwa
Dị ka usoro mgbasa ozi si kwuo, enwere ike kewaa usoro nkwurịta okwu n'ime usoro nkwurịta okwu wired na usoro nkwurịta okwu ikuku. Nkwurịta okwu wired bụ iji waya (dị ka waya mepere emepe, eriri coaxial, fiber optical, waveguide, wdg) dị ka ihe na-ebufe iji mechaa nzikọrịta ozi, dị ka ekwentị obodo, TV cable, nkwurịta okwu ụgbọ mmiri okpuru mmiri. Nkwurịta okwu ikuku na-adabere na mgbasawanye nke ikuku electromagnetic na mbara igwe iji nweta ebumnobi nke ịnyefe ozi, dị ka mgbasa ozi ionospheric dị mkpụmkpụ, mgbasa nke ahịrị anya microwave, relay satellite na ihe ndị ọzọ.
5, dị ka nhazi nke ìgwè ndị na-arụ ọrụ
Dị ka oge na-arụ ọrụ ma ọ bụ ogologo ogologo nke ngwa nzikọrịta ozi, a na-ekewa ya na nkwurịta okwu ogologo ebili mmiri, nkwurịta okwu nke etiti, nkwurịta okwu mkpụmkpụ, nkwurịta okwu infrared dị anya na ihe ndị ọzọ.
6, dị ka mgbaama multiplexing nhazi
E nwere ụdịdị multiplexing isi atọ maka ịnyefe akara ngosi multiplex, ya bụ nkewa ugboro ugboro multiplexing, oge nkewa multiplexing na koodu nkewa multiplexing. Mgbanwe nkewa ugboro ugboro bụ ime ka akara dị iche iche nọrọ n'ọkwa ugboro dị iche iche site na ngbanwe ụdịdị dị iche iche. Nkewa oge multiplexing na-eji pulse modulation eme ka akara dị iche iche na-etinye oge dị iche iche. Usoro nkewa nkewa multiplexing bụ iji ngbanwe orthogonal na-ebu akara dị iche iche. A na-eji multiplexing nkewa ugboro ugboro na nkwurịta okwu analog ọdịnala. Site na mmepe nke nzikọrịta ozi dijitalụ, a na-eji multiplexing nkewa oge eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe. Usoro nkewa multiplexing na-eji na oghere nkwurịta okwu gbasaa ụdịdị dị iche iche nkwurịta okwu na mobile nkwurịta okwu usoro. Na mgbakwunye, e nwere multiplexing nkewa wavelength, ohere nkewa multiplexing.