Constellation bụ echiche bụ isi na modulation dijitalụ. Mgbe anyị na-eziga akara dijitalụ, anyị anaghị ezipụ 0 ma ọ bụ 1 ozugbo, mana buru ụzọ mepụta otu akara 0 na 1 (bits) dịka otu ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ibe abụọ ọ bụla na-etolite otu, ya bụ, 00, 01, 10, na 11. Enwere steeti anọ na mkpokọta (ọ bụrụ na enweghị bit atọ, enwere steeti asatọ, na ndị ọzọ). N'oge a, anyị nwere ike họrọ QPSK (mgbanwe usoro anọ, dabara na steeti anọ bu ụzọ nke 00, 01, 10, na 11), isi QPSK anọ na-etolite otu ìgwè kpakpando QPSK. Ebe ọ bụla dị ogo 90 site na isi ihe dị n'akụkụ (njupụta bụ otu). Ebe igwe kpakpando dabara na akara ngbanwe. N'ụzọ dị otú a, akara mgbanwe ọ bụla ezitere na-eji ozi okpukpu abụọ karịa nke ezitere.
QPSK modulation constellation
Eserese kpakpando nke mgbama anatara
Mgbe ị na-anata ma na-emegharị akara QPSK, kpee ikpe nke mgbaàmà ezigara dị ka anya dị n'etiti mgbaàmà natara na isi anọ dị na kpakpando (nke a na-akpọkarị anya Europe), ma chọpụta ebe kacha nso ebe maka demodulation.
Ya mere, a na-ejikarị eserese kpakpando eme ihe maka maapụ n'oge modulation (dị ka QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, wdg) yana maka ịchọpụta isi ihe ezigara n'oge nnabata ka e wee mebie data nke ọma.
Ihe dị n'elu bụ nkọwa ihe ọmụma nke Chart Constellation nke Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd., bụ onye na-emepụta nkwurịta okwu anya ma na-emepụta nkwurịta okwu.ngwaahịa.
