Optical access network (that is, the access network with light as the transmission medium, instead of copper wire, is used to access each family. Optical access network).Optical access network generally consists of three parts: optical line terminal OLT, optical network unit ONU, optical distribution network ODN, in which OLT and ONU are the core components of optical access network
OLT stands for Optical Line Terminal. OLT is the optical line terminal, is the telecommunications office equipment, used to connect the optical fiber trunk, the role is equivalent to the switch or router in the traditional communication network, is a device for the external network entrance and internal network entrance. Placed at the local end, the most important executive functions are traffic scheduling, buffer control, and providing a user-facing passive fiber network interface and allocating bandwidth. Simply put, it is to achieve two functions, upstream, to complete the upstream access of PON network; Downstream, the acquired data is sent to all ONU user terminal devices through the ODN network.
ONU is the Optical Network Unit. ONU has two functions: to selectively receive the broadcast sent by OLT, and to receive the response to the OLT if the data needs to be received; Collect and cache the Ethernet data that the user needs to send, and send the cached data to the OLT terminal according to the assigned sending window.
On The FTTx network (click here To quickly learn about FTTx), the ONU access mode varies with different deployment. For example, Fiber To The Curb (FTTC) : The ONU is placed in the central equipment room of the cell. FTTB(Fiber To The Building) : ONU is placed in the terminal box of the corridor; FTTH(Fiber To The Home) : The ONU is placed in the home user.
OLT is the management terminal, ONU is the terminal; The service opening of ONU is delivered through OLT, and the relationship between the two is master-slave. Multiple ONUs can be attached to an OLT through a splitter.
ODN is an Optical Distribution Network, an optical distribution network, a physical channel of optical transmission between OLT and ONU. Its main function is to complete the bidirectional transmission of optical signals. It is usually composed of optical fiber and cable, optical connector, optical splitter, and auxiliary equipment to install and connect these devices. One of the most important components is the optical splitter.
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