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WLAN can be defined in both a broad sense and a narrow sense: From a micro perspective, we define and analyze WLAN in both broad and narrow senses. In a broad sense, a WLAN is a network made by replacing some or all of the wired LAN’s transmission media with radio waves, such as infrared, l...

Constellation is a basic concept in digital modulation. When we send digital signals, we usually do not send 0 or 1 directly, but first form a group of 0 and 1 signals (bits) according to one or several. For example, every two bits form a group, that is, 00, 01, 10, and 11. There are four states ...

To understand data communication in the network is complex. In this article I’ll easy demonstrate how two computer get connect each other, transfer and receive data information also with the Tcp/IP five layer protocol.   What is Data communication? The term “data communication” i...

Managed switches are superior to unmanaged ones in terms of functionality, but they necessitate the expertise of an administrator or engineer to fully realize their potential. More precise management of networks and their data frames is made possible by using a managed switch. On the other hand, ...

Light waves are electromagnetic radiation generated by electrons in the process of atomic motion. The movement of electrons in atoms of various substances is different, so the light waves they emit are also different. Spectrum is a pattern of monochromatic light separated by a dispersion system (...

Concept explanation: Ethernet is the most common communication protocol standard adopted by the existing LAN. The Ethernet network uses CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access and Conflict Detection) technologies. Ethernet dominates LAN technologies: 1. Low cost (less than 100 Ethernet network car...