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When the transmission capacity of a physical channel is higher than the demand of one signal, the channel can be shared by multiple signals. For example, the trunk line of a telephone system usually has thousands of signals transmitted on one optical fiber. Multiplexing is the technology that sol...

1) The AMI code The full name of the AMI (Alternative Mark Inversion) code is the alternate mark inversion code. blank) remain unchanged. E.g: Message code: 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1… AMI code: 0 -1 +1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -1 +1 0 0 -1 +1… The waveform corresponding to the AMI code is ...

When we transmit a signal, whether it is an optical signal, an electrical signal, or a wireless signal, if it is directly transmitted, the signal is easily disturbed by noise, and it is difficult to obtain accurate information at the receiving end. In order to improve the anti-interference abilit...

The basic modes of binary digital modulation are: Binary amplitude keying (2ASK)—amplitude change of the carrier signal; Binary frequency shift keying (2FSK)—frequency change of the carrier signal; Binary phase shift keying (2PSK)—phase change of the carrier signal. Differential phase shift keyin...

The PON system adopts time-division multiplexing technology in the uplink direction, and the ONU sends datagrams to the uplink direction according to the time stamp allocated by the OLT. When an ONU emits light without assigning a time stamp, it will conflict with the emission signals of other on...

With the development of optical communication systems with longer distance, larger capacity, and higher speed, especially when the single wave rate evolves from 40g to 100g or even super 100g, chromatic dispersion, nonlinear effects, polarization mode dispersion, and other transmission effects in...