With the development of digital technology, optical communication technology and software technology and the wide application of TCP/IP protocol, telecommunication network, computer network and television network will merge with each other and become unified under IP capable of providing voice,data and images at the same time Broadband multimedia communication network for business. The current copper wire access, wireless access, and LAN access methods are not easy to achieve this goal, but it is easy for FTTH.

FTTH not only provides greater bandwidth, but also enhances the transparency of the network to data formats, rates, wavelengths and protocols, relaxes the requirements for the environment and power supply, simplifies maintenance and installation, and has the ability to transmit TDM,IP data and video simultaneously The capability of broadcasting services, in which TDM and IP data are transmitted in the format of IEEE802.3 Ethernet, supplemented by a carrier-grade network management system, enough to ensure the transmission quality, and video broadcasting can be realized by using the third wavelength (usually 1550nm) Business transmission.

The optical fiber access technology is actually a solution that uses all or part of the optical fiber in the access network to form an optical fiber subscriber loop (FITL), or optical fiber access network (OAN), to achieve broadband access.

According to the location of the ONU, the fiber access network is divided into fiber to the desktop (FTTD), fiber to the home (FTTH), fiber to the curb (FTTC), fiber to the building (FTTB), fiber to the office (FTTO), fiber to the floor (FTTF), fiber to the cell (FTTZ) and other types. Among them, FTTH will be the final form of future broadband access network development. FTTH refers to the installation of optical network units (ONUs) at residential or corporate users. It is the type of optical access network closest to users in the FTTx series except FTTD.

Factors to be considered in the development of FTTH

Although FTTH is technically mature and feasible, and the cost price is constantly falling, there are still many challenges to realize the large-scale application of FTTH in my country.

Cost issue

At present, more than 97% of FTTH access networks in the world only provide Internet access services, because the cost of providing traditional fixed telephones by FTTH is much higher than the cost of existing fixed telephone technology, and the use of optical fiber to transmit traditional fixed telephones also has telephone power supply problem. Today, the copper wire network still occupies a major position.use of ADSL technology makes the construction of the project simple, cheap, and can basically meet the requirements of the current business. It is the main competitor of FTTH at this stage.

Policy factors

There are still industry barriers in the pursuit of FTTH full service access in my country, that is, telecom operators are not allowed to operate CATV services, on the contrary, CATV operators are not allowed to operate traditional telecom services (such as telephone), and this situation cannot be changed for a long time in the future Therefore, a single operator cannot provide triple play services on the FTTH access network.

ONU compatibility and interoperability

The compatibility of ONU plays a decisive role in the development and improvement of the entire FTTH industry chain. FTTH scale application and promotion still need to improve industry standards as soon as possible. Equipment manufacturers should cooperate with standardization organizations, operators, device manufacturers and design departments to focus on six aspects including system technical standards, FTTH device technical standards, FTTH optical cable technical standards, FTTH engineering supporting equipment technical standards, FTTH engineering construction standards and FTTH test standards. On the one hand, comprehensively formulate FTTH industry technical standards and specifications to guide FTTH applications.

Specific business volume

Lack of application is an important factor affecting the further development of FTTH. If you simply surf the Internet, 1M speed ADSL will be sufficient. However, once the demand for services increases, such as digital TV, VOD, broadband video services, and higher-quality videophones, online shopping, online medical services, etc., the 1M bandwidth will definitely not be able to support it, and DSL will not be able to do so. , FTTH has its place. Therefore, the development of broadband services is an important driving force for the development of FTTH.

The consumption level of telecom services in my country is generally low. At present, there are very few commercial FTTH users (almost zero), and FTTH promotion is still in its infancy. For this reason, choosing the FTTH technology that suits our country’s national conditions is very important to promote the popularization of FTTH in our country. With the expansion of application scale, the cost of FTTH equipment has great room for reduction. In the future, the broadband market will coexist with ADSL, FTTB+LAN, and FTTH within a certain period of time. ADSL will continue to be the mainstream in a short period of time. DSL and FTTH will develop together. When the price of FTTH equipment is gradually reduced to DSL due to the increase in construction volume The FTTH market capacity will increase significantly when the level is higher.