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Test schematic diagram: System version: Ubuntu16.04 Tcpreplay installation: apt-get install tcpreplay (This version of the NIC name is not called eth0 and eth1, the following configuration chang...

A virtual local Area Network (VLAN) is a communication technology that divides a physical LAN into multiple broadcast domains logically. ​ Each VLAN is a broadcast domain. Hosts within a VLAN can directly communicate with each other, but cannot directly communicate with ...

Two basic concepts of laser, one is stimulated emission, the other is the resonator. In this paper, the basic principle of DBR (Distributed Bragg Reflector), which is a resonator in VCSEL type lasers, is introduced. Two basic physics knowledge: reflection phase transitio...

Users belonging to the same VLAN on the live network may be connected to different switches, and there may be more than one VLAN across the switch. To communicate with users, interfaces between switches must be able to identify and send data frames of multiple vlans at t...

Optical fiber is a light conduction tool that uses the principle of total reflection of light in a fiber made of glass or plastic. Optical fiber bare fiber is generally divided into three layers: core, cladding and coating. ...

NGN puts forward the concept of layering and opening, and uses IP network and softswitch technology to transform telecom network from technology-driven to business-driven. As with any new thing, many key issues of NGN from signaling system to architecture are still being...