1.PON Chiyambi

(1)PON ndi chiyani

Ukadaulo wa PON (passive optical network) (kuphatikiza EPON, GPON) ndiye ukadaulo waukulu wokhazikitsa FTTx (fiber kunyumba). Ikhoza kupulumutsa zida za msana wa fiber ndi milingo ya maukonde, ndipo imatha kupereka njira ziwiri zapamwamba za bandwidth pansi pamikhalidwe yopatsirana mtunda wautali. Pali mitundu yochuluka ya mautumiki ofikira, ndipo kuthekera kwake koyang'anira kutali ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizira ophatikizira ophatikizira atha kuchepetsa kwambiri ndalama zogwirira ntchito ndi kukonza, ndipo zimatha kuthandizira zochitika zingapo.

(2) Kukula kwaukadaulo wa PON

Chiyambireni PON, yakhala ikukula kwa zaka zambiri, ikupanga malingaliro angapo, mafotokozedwe ndi machitidwe azinthu monga APON, BPON, EPON, ndi GPON.

APON (ATMPON)

ATM ndi ma cell-based transmission protocol. 155Mb/s PON dongosolo specifications luso, ITU-TG.983 mndandanda mfundo;

BPON (BroadbandPON)

Muyezo wa APON unalimbikitsidwa pambuyo pake kuti uthandizire kufalikira kwa 622Mb / s, ndikuwonjezera ntchito monga kugawa kwa bandwidth ndi chitetezo.

EPON (Ethernet PON)

GPON (GigabitPON)

(3) Ukadaulo waukadaulo wa Optical fiber access

2.EPON chiyambi

(1) Kodi EPON ndi chiyani?

EPON (Ethernet Passive Optical Network) ndi mtundu wa ma point-to-multipoint network, passive kuwala CHIKWANGWANI kufala njira, zochokera mkulu-liwiro Efaneti nsanja ndi TDM (nthawi kugawikana multiplexing) kugawa nthawi MAC media mwayi njira njira, kupereka angapo An. Integrated service broadband access technology.

Dongosolo la EPON limagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wa WDM kuti azindikire kufalikira kwa fiber imodzi.

(2) Mfundo ya EPON

Pofuna kulekanitsa zizindikiro zomwe zikubwera ndi zotuluka za awiriawiri ogwiritsira ntchito pamtundu womwewo, njira ziwiri zotsatirazi zochulukitsa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

a. Kutsitsa kwa data kumunsi kumagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wowulutsa.

b. Kukwera kwa data kumatengera ukadaulo wa TDMA.

(3)Mfundo ya EPON-downstream

a. Perekani LLID yapadera pambuyo paONUadalembetsedwa bwino.

b. Onjezani LLID musanayambe paketi iliyonse kuti musinthe ma byte awiri omaliza a Ethernet preamble.

c. Fananizani mndandanda wolembetsa wa LLID pomweOLTamalandira deta. Pamene aONUimalandira deta, imangolandira mafelemu kapena mafelemu owulutsa omwe amafanana ndi LLID yake.

(4) Mfundo ya EPON-Uplink

a. Fananizani mndandanda wolembetsa wa LLID pamaso paOLTamalandira deta.

b. AliyenseONUimatumiza chimango cha data mu nthawi yoperekedwa mofanana ndi zida zaofesi.

c. Nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa imakwaniritsa kusiyana kwa mtunda pakati paONUndi kupewa kugundana pakati paONU.

(5) Njira yogwirira ntchito ya EPON system

OLTntchito

a. Pangani mauthenga a sitepe yanthawi yanthawi yolozera dongosolo.

b. Perekani bandwidth kudzera mafelemu a MPCP. 3. Chitani ntchito zosiyanasiyana.

c. KulamuliraONUkulembetsa.

ONUntchito

a. TheONUsynchronizes ndiOLTkudzera mu sitampu ya nthawi ya chimango chowongolera kumtunda.

b. ONUamadikirira mawonekedwe opezeka.

c. ONUimagwira ntchito zopezeka, kuphatikiza: kuyambira, kutchula ID yakuthupi ndi bandwidth.

d. ONUamadikirira chilolezo,ONUimatha kutumiza deta panthawi yovomerezeka.

(6) Kupanga kwa EPON network management system

Dongosolo loyang'anira maukonde a EPON limagawidwa m'magawo anayi malinga ndi ntchito zoyendetsera maukonde: kasamalidwe kasamalidwe, kasamalidwe ka magwiridwe antchito, kasamalidwe ka zolakwika ndi kasamalidwe ka chitetezo.

(7) Kuzindikira kwa EPON network management system

a. Kukwaniritsidwa kwa EPON network management system kumaphatikizapo kukwaniritsidwa kwa management station network management software ndi kukwaniritsidwa kwa agent station software.

b. Dongosolo loyang'anira ma network network ndi gulu lowongolera lomwe limapatsa ogwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe ochezeka ndipo amagwiritsa ntchito protocol ya SNMP kuyang'anira njira ya wothandizira.

c. Kuzindikirika kwa SNMP mu siteshoni ya ma agent makamaka kumaphatikizapo kukwaniritsidwa kwa pulogalamu ya ma agent process ndi mapangidwe ndi kulinganiza kwa MIB.

3. Chiyambi cha GPON

(1) GPON ndi chiyani?

GPON (Gigabit-CapablePON Gigabit Passive Optical Network) umisiri ndi m'badwo waposachedwa kwambiri wa burodibandi passive optical Integrated access standard yochokera pa ITU-TG.984.x (International Telecommunication Union TG.984.x) muyezo, wokhala ndi bandiwifi yapamwamba, Kuchita bwino kwambiri, kuphimba kwakukulu, mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito olemera ndi zina zambiri. maubwino amawonedwa ndi ambiri ogwiritsira ntchito ngati ukadaulo wabwino wozindikira burodibandi ndikusintha kwathunthu kwa mautumiki a netiweki.

(2) mfundo ya GPON

GPON kutsika-kuwulutsa kufala

GPONS upstream-TDMA mode

Network topology ya passive optical fiber transmission mode imapangidwa makamaka ndiOLT(optical line terminal), ODN (optical distribution network), ndiONU(Optical network unit).

ODN imapereka njira zotumizira zamagetsiOLTndiONU. Zimapangidwa ndi passive optical splitter ndi passive optical combiner. Ndi chipangizo chongokhala chomwe chimalumikizanaOLTndiONU.

(3) GPON mfundo-kumtunda

a. The kufala deta kumtunda ndi uniformly kulamulidwa ndiOLT.

b. TheONUimatumiza deta ya ogwiritsa ntchito molingana ndi nthawi yomwe yaperekedwa ndiOLTkupewa mikangano kufala kwa deta yopangidwa ndiONU.

c. TheONUimayika data ya uplink munthawi yake molingana ndi nthawi yogawa, ndikuzindikira kugawana kwa bandwidth ya uplink pakati pa angapo.ONU.

(4) GPON networking mode

GPON imagwiritsa ntchito mitundu itatu yapaintaneti: FTTH/O, FTTB+LAN ndi FTTB+DSL.

a. FTTH/O ndi fiber kunyumba/ofesi. Pambuyo pazitsulo za kuwala zimalowa mu splitter, zimagwirizanitsidwa mwachindunji ndi wogwiritsa ntchitoONU. AnONUamangogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wogwiritsa ntchito m'modzi, wokhala ndi bandwidth yapamwamba komanso mtengo wapamwamba, ndipo nthawi zambiri amayang'ana ogwiritsa ntchito apamwamba komanso ogwiritsa ntchito malonda.

b. FTTB + LAN imagwiritsa ntchito CHIKWANGWANI kuti ifike panyumbayo, kenako imalumikiza mautumiki osiyanasiyana kwa ogwiritsa ntchito angapo kudzera pamlingo waukulu.ONU(otchedwa MDU). Chifukwa chake, ogwiritsa ntchito angapo amagawana zothandizira zamtundu umodziONU, ndipo munthu aliyense amakhala ndi bandwidth yotsika komanso mtengo wotsika. , Nthawi zambiri kwa ogwiritsa ntchito otsika komanso otsika mtengo.

c. FTTB+ADSL imagwiritsa ntchito CHIKWANGWANI kuti ifike panyumbapo, kenako imagwiritsa ntchito ADSL kulumikiza mautumiki kwa ogwiritsa ntchito angapo, ndipo ogwiritsa ntchito angapo amagawanaONU. Ma bandwidth, mtengo ndi kasitomala ndizofanana ndi za FTTB + LAN.

4. Kuyerekeza kwaukadaulo wa GPON ndi EPON

Poganizira zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yaukadaulo wa GPON ndi EPON, kuwunika kotsatiraku kungapangidwe kwaukadaulo awiriwa.

(1) GPON imathandizira milingo yosiyanasiyana, ndipo imatha kuthandizira kumtunda ndi kutsika mitengo. GPON ili ndi mwayi waukulu pakusankha zinthu zowoneka bwino, potero imachepetsa ndalama.

(2）EPON imangogwira ma ODN a Gulu A ndi B, pomwe GPON imatha kuthandizira Makalasi A, B ndi C, kotero GPON imatha kuthandizira mpaka 128 split ratio ndi mtunda wopitilira 20km.

(3） Yerekezerani kokha kuchokera ku protocol, chifukwa muyezo wa EPON umachokera ku dongosolo la 802.3, kotero poyerekeza ndi GPON muyezo, kuyika kwake kwa protocol kumakhala kosavuta ndipo kukhazikitsidwa kwadongosolo kumakhala kosavuta.

(4） ITU yatsatira mfundo zambiri za APON mulingo wa G.983 popanga mulingo wa GPON, womwe ndi wokwanira kuposa muyezo wa EPON wopangidwa ndi EFM. Kupereka njira yabwino kwambiri ya TC layer idzakhala mfundo yofunika kwambiri ku ITU popanga miyezo ya GPON.

(5） Muyezo wa GPON umanena kuti TC sublayer ikhoza kutengera njira ziwiri za encapsulation, ATM ndi GFP. Njira ya GFP encapsulation ndiyoyenera kunyamula IP/PPP ndi ma protocol ena apamwamba a paketi.