Kupindula kwa mlongoti: Kupeza kokwanira ndi gawo lomwe limayesa bwino kusinthika kwa mphamvu ndi mawonekedwe a mlongoti. Kutanthauzira kwake ndi:
Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi coefficient of directional coefficient and antenna performance zimatanthauzidwa kuti: D ndiye chigawo chowongolera ndipo ndikuchita bwino kwa tinyanga. Zitha kuwoneka kuti kuchuluka kwa ma coefficients owongolera antenna kumapangitsa kuti phindu likhale lokwera. Ndipo kufunikira kwake kwakuthupi: kuchuluka kwa mlongoti kumatanthawuza kangapo komwe mlongoti umakulitsa mphamvu yake yotulutsa mumayendedwe apamwamba a radiation poyerekeza ndi mlongoti wopanda njira. Zitha kumvekanso modziwika ngati chiŵerengero cha mlongoti wolunjika ku mlongoti woyenera wa omnidirectional (yemwe ma radiation ake ndi ofanana mbali zonse) kutulutsa chizindikiro cha kukula kwake pamalo enaake patali. Kuchita bwino kwa mlongoti: Kuchita bwino kwa mlongoti kumatanthauzidwa ngati chiŵerengero cha mphamvu ya radiation ya tinyanga ndi mphamvu yolowetsa.
Kukaniza kwa radiation R kwa tinyanga zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa kuthekera kwa tinyanga kutulutsa mphamvu. Kukaniza kwa ma radiation a antennas ndi kuchuluka kwenikweni komwe kumatanthauzidwa motere: ndi resistor R, pamene panopa akudutsamo ndi ofanana ndi pazipita panopa pa mlongoti, mphamvu yotayika ndi yofanana ndi mphamvu ma radiation. Mwachiwonekere, kuchuluka kwa kukana kwa ma radiation ndi chizindikiro chofunikira choyezera mphamvu ya radiation ya mlongoti, ndiko kuti, kukulirakulira kwa kukana kwa radiation, kumapangitsanso mphamvu yama radiation ya mlongoti.
Zogulitsa zathu zomwe zimagulitsidwa kwambiri zimakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana yaONUmndandanda wazinthu, kuphatikiza ACONU/ kulumikizanaONU/wanzeruONU/bokosiONU, etc. ZonseONUzogulitsa zotsatizana zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazosowa za netiweki muzochitika zosiyanasiyana.
