Tanthauzo la protocol ndi chizindikiro choyankhulirana cha mzati, mbali ziwiri zoyankhulirana zimayenera kuchita mogwirizana kufalitsa deta molingana ndi muyezo uwu. Pakulankhulana pakompyuta, njira yolumikizirana imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zilembo pakati pa kompyuta ndi intaneti, ngati palibe njira yolumikizirana yolumikizana, kufalitsa chidziwitso pakati pa makompyuta sikungadziwike, njira yolumikizirana ndi malamulo olumikizirana omwe amavomereza mbali ziwiri pasadakhale. Zitha kumveka ngati chilankhulo chofala chomwe makompyuta amalankhulana wina ndi mnzake
Protocol stack imatanthawuza mawonekedwe enieni a protocol, omwe timalankhula nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito ya library yomwe imayendetsedwa ndi code, kuti athandizire kuyimba kwa wopanga. Protocol stack ndi kuchuluka kwa ma protocol pagawo lililonse la netiweki, ndipo chithunzi chake chikuwonetsa njira yosinthira mafayilo mumaneti. Kuchokera ku protocol yapamwamba kupita ku protocol yapansi, komanso kuchokera ku protocol yapansi kupita ku protocol yapamwamba.
Okonza maukonde ntchito hierarchical maukonde zomangamanga, ndondomeko kulankhulana pakati makamu awiri, kuphatikizapo kusintha zipangizo, protocol ntchito ngati okwana, choncho amatchedwa okwana protocol.
Host a: Application layer- -> Transmission layer- -> Network layer- -> Data Link layer- -> Physical layer, host host yofanana b: Physical layer- -> Data Link layer- -> Network layer- -> Transmission layer- -> Ntchito yosanja
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndikufotokozera mwachidule kusiyana pakati pa protocol ndi stack protocol yobweretsedwa ndi Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., LTD. Zida zogwirira ntchito zapaintaneti za Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., LTD.. zili ndi mapulogalamu ogwirizana ndi zinthu zathu, zopangira maukonde izi ndiONUmndandanda, optical module series,OLTseries, transceiver series. Takulandilani kwa ofunikila kuti mumvetsetse bwino zamalonda!
VLAN amatanthauza pafupifupi m'dera maukonde m'dera, ndi gulu la zida zomveka ndi ogwiritsa ntchito, kulankhulana pakati pa gulu la zida ndi owerenga ndi ofanana mu gawo maukonde omwewo, akhoza kukhala malo osiyana, maukonde osiyana, owerenga osiyana pamodzi kupanga pafupifupi malo ochezera a pa intaneti, monga kugwiritsa ntchito LAN yakomweko monga yabwino, yosinthika, yothandiza. VLAN ikhoza kuchepetsa ndalama zoyendetsera kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake.
Kudzipatula kwa Vlan kwenikweni kumachokera pa ntchito yaukadaulo wa Vlan, kudzera pagawo la Vlan la madoko osiyanasiyana, ma terminals a zida, ogwiritsa ntchito kuti akwaniritse kudzipatula kwathunthu kwa data yabizinesi. Kuphatikiza apo, kudzipatula kwa Vlan kumatha kukhazikitsidwa padoko lakusinthaKugawa kwa Vlan pakudzipatula kwa intaneti, kumathanso kukhazikitsidwa pagawo la IP Vlan pakudzipatula kwa Ethernet.kusinthaPansi pa ukadaulo wa VLAN, mutha kupanga ma LAN angapo, m'moyo weniweni, mukufuna kupanga LAN yosiyana padoko lililonse, mwachitsanzo, dipatimenti ya R&D, dipatimenti yabizinesi, dipatimenti yogwira ntchito, ndi zina zambiri, zamakampani omwewo.
Zikomo powunikiranso kukhazikitsidwa kwa VLAN isolation function ya Ethernetkusinthayobweretsedwa ndi Shenzhen Haidwiwei Optoelectronic Technology Co., LTD., Yathukusinthaproduct series, komanso chimakwirira angapo specifications zakusintha, monga: onse optical portkusintha,8 pakusintha, 100 MEGABitkusintha, network managementkusinthandi zina zotero, mwalandiridwa kudzacheza.
16, Broadband ndi Dial-up
Tinkagwiritsa ntchito Broadband ADSL. ADSL: Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line.
Broadband imagwiritsidwa ntchito polumikiza chingwe cha foni kuchokera ku chonyamulira cha burodibandi kupita ku modemu yanu ya m'nyumba (yomwe nthawi zambiri imadziwika kuti mphaka) ndiyeno kugwiritsa ntchito chingwe kulumikiza ku zida zina zolumikizidwa ndi intaneti.
Pambuyo pazaka zachitukuko, ADSL yadutsa mibadwo itatu, kuchokera ku ADSL yoyambirira kupita ku ADSL2 yomwe idasinthidwa pambuyo pake ndipo tsopano ADSL2 +, liwiro lotsitsa litha kufikira 24M. ADSL imagwiritsa ntchito ma frequency division multiplexing kuti izindikire kuti siginecha yafoni, uplink ndi downlink sign sizikhudzana.
Masiku ano, ntchito zambiri CHIKWANGWANI kwa nyumba (FTTH), pambuyo pa zonse, kuwala kufala liwiro kuposa magetsi kufala liwiro, kothandiza kwambiri. FTTH imagwira ntchito pokoka fibre optic kuchokera kwa chonyamulira kupita kunyumba kwanu ndikuyilumikiza ku modemu yopepuka (yomwe imadziwika kuti mphaka wopepuka). Kenako gwiritsani ntchito chingwe chapaintaneti cha mphaka wowunikira kuti mutsogolere pa intaneti.
Dial-up Internet nthawi zambiri imatanthawuza PPPoe dial-up, yomwe ndi njira yolumikizira intaneti, onse ADSL broadband dial-up (telephone transmission) ndi fiber optic dial-up (fiber optic transmission). PPPoe imatanthawuza ku Point-to-Point Protocol Over Ethernet, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti pali zizindikiro ziwiri za seva ndi kasitomala mu ndondomeko ya point-to-point PPPoe pa intaneti. Wogwiritsa ntchito amalandira ndikutumiza chidziwitso kwa kasitomala wa ogwiritsa ntchito wamba ngati seva, yomwe ndi topology imodzi mpaka ambiri. Kuti tisiyanitse chizindikiritso ndi ziyeneretso za kasitomala aliyense, wogwiritsa ntchito aliyense ayenera kulembetsa akaunti ndi mawu achinsinsi kwa woyendetsa, kenako ndikulowetsa akauntiyo ndi mawu achinsinsi pakompyuta yake pogwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu inayake kuti atumize ku seva ya wogwiritsa ntchito. Ngati akauntiyo ndi yovomerezeka, amatha kugwiritsa ntchito intaneti nthawi zonse. N’zoona kuti nthawi zina timapeza kuti tikhoza kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti popanda kulemba mawu achinsinsi pa kompyuta. Ndi chifukwa chakuti akaunti achinsinsi ndi preset pa mphaka, kotero sitiyenera kulowa pamanja.
Pamwambapa ndi kufotokozera mwachidule za burodibandi ndi kuyimba-mmwamba zobweretsedwa ndi Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., LTD. Zida zoyenera za netiweki za Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology Co., Ltd.ONUmndandanda, optical module series,OLTseries, transceiver series. Takulandilani kupempha ogwira ntchito kuti amvetsetse zambiri zamalonda
