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    Uburyo bw'itumanaho Icyitegererezo

    Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-21-2024

    1. Byashyizwe mubikorwa na serivisi yitumanaho

    Ukurikije ubwoko butandukanye bwa serivisi zitumanaho, sisitemu yitumanaho irashobora kugabanywamo sisitemu yitumanaho rya terefegisi, sisitemu yitumanaho rya terefone, sisitemu yo gutumanaho amakuru, sisitemu yo gutumanaho amashusho, nibindi. bikunze koherezwa binyuze mumiyoboro rusange itumanaho rya terefone, nk'itumanaho rya telegraph hamwe n'itumanaho rirerire rishobora kwanduzwa binyuze kuri terefone. Serivise ihuriweho na serivise itumanaho ikwiranye nogukwirakwiza amakuru yubwoko butandukanye bwa serivisi.

    2. Byashyizwe muburyo bwo guhindura

    Ukurikije niba ibimenyetso byanyujijwe kumuyoboro byahinduwe cyangwa bitaribyo, sisitemu yitumanaho irashobora kugabanywa muri sisitemu yo kohereza baseband na sisitemu yo kohereza. Ikwirakwizwa rya Baseband ni ihererekanyamakuru ritaziguye, nka terefone yaho, itumanaho rya kabili; Ikwirakwizwa rya bande ni ijambo rusange muburyo bwo guhinduranya ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo guhindura, kandi Imbonerahamwe 1-1 irerekana uburyo bumwe busanzwe bwo guhindura.

    3. Gutondekanya ukurikije ibimenyetso biranga ibimenyetso

    Ukurikije umuyoboro wohereza ni ibimenyetso bisa cyangwa ibimenyetso bya sisitemu, sisitemu yitumanaho igabanijwemo uburyo bwitumanaho hamwe na sisitemu yitumanaho.

    4, ukurikije uburyo bwo kohereza ibintu

    Ukurikije uburyo bwo kohereza, sisitemu y'itumanaho irashobora kugabanywamo sisitemu y'itumanaho hamwe na sisitemu y'itumanaho ridafite umugozi. Itumanaho rikoresha insinga ni ugukoresha insinga (nk'umugozi ufunguye hejuru, umugozi wa coaxial, fibre optique, waveguide, nibindi) nk'uburyo bwo kohereza kugirango urangize itumanaho, nka terefone yo mu mujyi, televiziyo ya kabili, itumanaho rya kabili. Itumanaho ridafite insinga rishingiye ku gukwirakwiza umuyaga wa electromagnetic mu kirere kugira ngo ugere ku ntego yo kohereza amakuru, nko gukwirakwiza ionospheric ya magufi magufi, gukwirakwiza microwave umurongo-wo-kureba, gukwirakwiza icyogajuru n'ibindi.

    5, ukurikije itsinda ryabakozi

    Ukurikije inshuro zikora cyangwa uburebure bwibikoresho byitumanaho, bigabanijwemo itumanaho rirerire, itumanaho rito, itumanaho rigufi, itumanaho rya kure cyane nibindi.

    6, ukurikije ibimenyetso byerekana ibimenyetso byinshi

    Hariho uburyo butatu bwibanze bwo guhererekanya ibimenyetso byinshi, aribyo kugabana inshuro nyinshi, kugabana umwanya kugwiza no kugabana kode. Kugabana inshuro nyinshi ni ugukora ibimenyetso bitandukanye bifata intera zitandukanye muburyo bwo guhinduranya ibintu. Kugabana igihe kugwiza gukoresha pulse modulasiyo kugirango ibimenyetso bitandukanye bifate umwanya utandukanye. Kugabana kode kugwiza ni ugukoresha orthogonal kodegisi kugirango utware ibimenyetso bitandukanye. Kugabana inshuro nyinshi gukoreshwa muburyo busanzwe bwo gutumanaho. Hamwe niterambere ryitumanaho rya digitale, kugabana igihe kugwiza bikoreshwa cyane kandi byinshi. Kugabana kode ya Multlexing ikoreshwa mugutumanaho kwikirere gukwirakwiza itumanaho rya sisitemu na sisitemu yo gutumanaho igendanwa. Mubyongeyeho, hariho kugabana umurongo wo kugwiza kugwiza, kugabana umwanya kugwira.



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