Itumanaho rya fibre optique, nkimwe mu nkingi zingenzi zitumanaho rya kijyambere, rifite uruhare runini mumiyoboro y'itumanaho igezweho.
Iterambere ryiterambere ryitumanaho rya optique rirashobora gutegurwa mubice bikurikira.
1. Kugirango tumenye kongera ubushobozi bwamakuru no kohereza intera ndende, fibre imwe-imwe hamwe nigihombo gito no gutatana gake igomba gukoreshwa. Kugeza ubu, G.652 isanzwe ya fibre optique ikoreshwa cyane mumiyoboro y'itumanaho optique. Nubwo iyi fibre ifite igihombo ntarengwa cya 1.55 mm, ifite agaciro gakomeye kangana na 18 ps / (nm.km). Bavuga ko iyo fibre isanzwe ya fibre isanzwe ikoreshwa kumurongo wa 1.55 mm, imikorere yo kohereza ntabwo ari nziza.
Niba uburebure bwa zeru-dispersion bwahinduwe buva kuri 1,31 mkm bugera kuri 1.55 mm, byitwa fibre dispersion-shift fibre (DSF), ariko iyo iyi fibre na erbium-dope fibre amplifier (EDFA) ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kugabana umurongo (WDM) , Bizaterwa no kutagira umurongo wa fibre, kuvanga imiraba ine bibaho, bikabuza gukoresha bisanzwe WDM, bivuze ko gukwirakwiza fibre zeru atari byiza kuri WDM.
Kugirango tekinoroji ya optique itumanaho ikoreshwa neza muri sisitemu ya WDM, gukwirakwiza fibre bigomba kugabanuka, ariko ntibyemewe kuba zeru. Kubwibyo, fibre nshya yuburyo bumwe yateguwe yitwa fibre non-zero dispersion fibre (NZDF), iri hagati ya 1.54 ~ Agaciro ko gutatanya murwego rwa 1.56 mm irashobora kugumana kuri 1.0 ~ 4.0ps / (nm.km), ikirinda. agace ka zeru, ariko igumana agaciro gato ko gutatanya.
Ingero nyinshi zavuzwe kumugaragaro ukoresheje sisitemu yo kohereza EDFA / WDM ya NZDF.
2.Ibikoresho bya fotonike bikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho ya fibre optique nabyo byateye imbere cyane mumyaka yashize. Kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bya sisitemu ya WDM, ibikoresho byinshi bitanga urumuri rwinshi (MLS) byakozwe mumyaka yashize. Itondekanya cyane cyane laser tubes mumurongo kandi ikora Hybrid ihuriweho optique hamwe ninyenyeri ihuza.
Kubakira iherezo rya sisitemu yo gutumanaho ya fibre optique, fotodetector na preamplifier byatejwe imbere cyane cyane mubyerekezo byihuta cyangwa byihuta. PIN Photodiode irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa nyuma yo kunozwa. Kumurongo mugari wa Photodetector ukoreshwa mumurongo muremure wa 1.55 mm, umuyoboro wa semiconductor-metal Photodetection tube (MSM) wakozwe mumyaka yashize. Ingendo yingendo yagabanije Photodetector. Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, iyi MSM irashobora kumenya 78dB yumurongo wa 3dB yumurongo wa 1.55 mm.
FET's preamplifier birashoboka ko izasimburwa na transistor yo hejuru ya electron (HEMT). Biravugwa ko 1.55μm yakira optoelectronic yakira ikoresheje disiketi ya MSM na HEMT yabanje kwongerwaho optoelectronic integuza (OEIC) ifite umurongo wa 38GHz kandi biteganijwe ko uzagera kuri 60GHz.
3. Ikwirakwizwa rya point-point-sisitemu ya PDH muri sisitemu yo gutumanaho ya fibre optique ntiyashoboye guhuza niterambere ryimiyoboro yitumanaho igezweho. Kubwibyo, iterambere ryitumanaho rya fibre optique ryerekeza kumurongo byahindutse inzira byanze bikunze.
SDH ni itegeko-nshyashya ryohereza imiyoboro shingiro hamwe nibintu shingiro biranga imiyoboro. Ni urusobe rwamakuru rwuzuye ruhuza ibintu byinshi, guhererekanya umurongo no guhindura imikorere kandi bifite ubushobozi bukomeye bwo kuyobora imiyoboro. Kuri ubu irakoreshwa cyane.