VLAN ihagaze nayo yitwa VLANs ishingiye ku cyambu. Nukugaragaza icyambu kijyanye nindangamuntu ya VLAN. Uhereye kurwego rwumubiri, urashobora kwerekana neza ko LAN yinjijwe ihuye nicyambu.
Iyo umuyobozi wa VLAN yabanje gushiraho umubano uhuye nahinduraicyambu na VLAN ID, umubano uhuye washyizweho. Nukuvuga, indangamuntu imwe ihuye na VLAN irashobora gushyirwaho kugirango igere ku cyambu kandi ntishobora guhinduka nyuma keretse umuyobozi yongeye gushiraho.
Iyo igikoresho gihujwe niki cyambu, nigute ushobora kumenya niba indangamuntu ya VLAN yakiriye ihuye nicyambu? Ibi bigenwa ukurikije iboneza rya IP. Turabizi ko buri VLAN ifite numero ya subnet niyihe port ihuye nayo. Niba aderesi ya IP isabwa nigikoresho idahuye numero ya subnet ya VLAN ihuye nicyambu, guhuza birananirana, kandi igikoresho ntigishobora kuvugana bisanzwe. Kubwibyo, usibye guhuza icyambu gikwiye, igikoresho kigomba no guhabwa aderesi ya IP igizwe nigice cyumuyoboro wa VLAN, kugirango gishobore kongerwa kuri VLAN. Kugira ngo ubyumve, birakenewe kumva ko subnet igizwe na IP hamwe na mask ya subnet. Mubisanzwe, ibice bitatu byanyuma bya subnet bikoreshwa mukumenyekanisha izina ryanyuma.
.
Kurangiza, dukeneye gushiraho VLAN hamwe nibyambu umwe umwe. Ariko, niba ibyambu birenga ijana murusobe bigomba gushyirwaho, imirimo yavuyemo ntishobora kurangira mugihe gito. Kandi mugihe indangamuntu ya VLAN ikeneye guhinduka, igomba gusubirwamo-ibi biragaragara ko bidakwiriye iyo miyoboro ikeneye guhindura imiterere ya topologiya kenshi.
Kugirango dukemure ibyo bibazo, hashyizweho igitekerezo cya dinamike VLAN. VLAN ifite imbaraga ni iki? Reka turebe neza.
2. Dynamic VLAN: Dynamic VLAN irashobora guhindura VLAN yicyambu igihe icyo aricyo cyose ukurikije mudasobwa ihujwe na buri cyambu. Ibi birashobora kwirinda ibikorwa byavuzwe haruguru, nko guhindura igenamiterere. Dynamic VLANs irashobora kugabanywa mubice bitatu:
(1) VLAN hamwe na aderesi ya MAC
VLAN ishingiye kuri aderesi ya MAC igena nyiricyambu mubaza kandi mukandika aderesi ya MAC yikarita ya mudasobwa ihuza mudasobwa. Tuvuge ko aderesi ya MAC “B” yashyizweho nka VLAN 10 nahindura, noneho ntakibazo icyambu mudasobwa ifite aderesi ya MAC “A” ihujwe, icyambu kizagabanywa muri VLAN 10. Iyo mudasobwa ihujwe nicyambu 1, icyambu 1 ni icya VLAN 10; iyo mudasobwa ihujwe nicyambu cya 2, icyambu 2 ni icya VLAN 10. Inzira yo kumenyekanisha ireba gusa aderesi ya MAC, ntabwo ari icyambu. Icyambu kizagabanywamo VLAN ijyanye na MAC ihinduka.
.
Ariko, kuri VLAN ishingiye kuri aderesi ya MAC, aderesi ya MAC ya mudasobwa zose zahujwe zigomba gukorwaho iperereza no kwinjira mugihe cyo gushiraho. Niba kandi mudasobwa ihana ikarita y'urusobe, uracyakeneye guhindura igenamiterere kuko aderesi ya MAC ihuye n'ikarita y'urusobekerane, bihwanye nindangamuntu yibikoresho byikarita.
(2) VLAN ishingiye kuri IP
Subnet ishingiye kuri VLAN igena VLAN yicyambu ikoresheje aderesi ya IP ya mudasobwa ihujwe. Bitandukanye na VLAN ishingiye kuri aderesi ya MAC, niyo aderesi ya MAC ya mudasobwa ihinduka bitewe no guhana amakarita y'urusobe cyangwa izindi mpamvu, mugihe aderesi ya IP idahindutse, irashobora kwinjira muri VLAN y'umwimerere.
Kubwibyo, ugereranije na VLANs ishingiye kuri aderesi ya MAC, biroroshye guhindura imiterere y'urusobe. Aderesi ya IP namakuru yo murwego rwa gatatu muburyo bwa OSI yerekana, bityo dushobora kumva ko VLAN ishingiye kuri subnet nuburyo bwo gushiraho amahuza yinjira murwego rwa gatatu rwa OSI.
(3) VLAN ishingiye kubakoresha
.
Umukoresha ushingiye kuri VLAN agena icyambu cya VLAN ukurikije icyinjira cyinjira muri mudasobwa ihujwe na buri cyambu cyahindura. Ibisobanuro biranga abakoresha hano mubusanzwe uyikoresha yinjiye muri sisitemu ikora mudasobwa, nkizina ryumukoresha rikoreshwa murwego rwa Windows. Umukoresha izina ryamakuru ni ayamakuru ari hejuru ya kane ya OSI.
.
Ibyavuzwe haruguru nibisobanuro byihame rya VLAN Ishyirwa mubikorwa ryazanwe na Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronics Technology Co., Ltd.