Muri iki gihe, mu mishinga y'itumanaho y'urusobekerane, imiyoboro ya optique,fibre optique, na modem optique irashobora kuvugwa ko ikoreshwa cyane kandi yubahwa cyane nabashinzwe umutekano. Noneho, uzi itandukaniro riri hagati yibi bitatu bisobanutse?
Modem optique ni ubwoko bwibikoresho bisa na baseband MODEM (modem ya digitale). Itandukaniro na baseband MODEM nuko ihujwe n'umurongo wabigenewe wa fibre optique, nikimenyetso cya optique.
Byakoreshejwe muguhindura ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi na protocole ya protocole mugace kagari, hamwe no kugeraRouterni mugari mugari urusobe rugera. Transceiver ya fotoelectric ikoresha ihinduranya ryikimenyetso cyamafoto mumurongo waho, ariko guhinduranya ibimenyetso gusa, nta guhinduranya protocole ya interineti.Bisanzwe bikoreshwa mumwanya muremure mumurongo wikigo kandi ntibikwiye kubidukikije aho insinga zigoretse-zoherejwe. Kugirango dusobanure modem optique, transceiver ya fotoelectric. Tugomba kumenyekanisha ibidukikije bikoreshwa.
Modem nziza, bizwi kandi nka port-optique transceiver, nigicuruzwa cyagenewe ibidukikije bidasanzwe. Ikoresha fibre optique ya fibre optique ya E1 imwe cyangwa V. imwe imwe cyangwa 10BaseT point-to-point optique yohereza ibikoresho bya terefone. Nkibikoresho byohereza imiyoboro ya rezo yaho, ibi bikoresho birakwiriye ibikoresho bya optique ya fibre optique ya sitasiyo fatizo hamwe nibikoresho bikodeshwa. Kuri port-optique ya optique, mubisanzwe bitwa "optique transcevers". Kuri port-port optique transceivers, zikoreshwa muri rusange kuruhande rwabakoresha. Bakora bisa na baseband isanzwe ikoreshwa MODEM ya WAN yihariye umurongo (umuzenguruko). “Optem modem” na “Optical Network Unit”.
Amashanyarazi meza ni ibicuruzwa byo gutumanaho amakuru gusa. Ibicuruzwa nyabyo bya optique ya transceiver biratandukanye, bifite akamaro ko kohereza tereviziyo ya kabili, bimwe byohereza terefone, bifasha kugenzura inganda, ndetse bimwe bihuza "ijwi, amakuru, ishusho" nizindi serivisi kugirango ugere kuri imwe.
Optical fibre transceiver itahura ibimenyetso byerekana ihinduka hagati yuburyo bumwe na fibre-moderi nyinshi hamwe na feri ihindagurika muri Ethernet. Amashanyarazi ya fibre optique ni umuyoboro wa Ethernet wohereza itangazamakuru rihinduranya intera ngufi igoretse hamwe n'amashanyarazi maremare. Amashanyarazi ya optique akoreshwa muburyo busanzwe bwurusobe aho insinga za Ethernet zidashobora gutwikirwa kandi fibre optique igomba gukoreshwa kugirango yongere intera yoherejwe; icyarimwe, bafasha guhuza ibirometero byanyuma byumurongo wa fibre optique hamwe numuyoboro wa metropolitani (bijyanye na tekinoroji ya Ethernet) nibindi byinshi byo hanze. Internet nayo yagize uruhare runini.
Ukurikije umuvuduko, optique ya fibre optique irashobora kugabanywa muri 10M imwe, 100M optique ya fibre optique,10 / 100M adaptive optique fibre transceiverna 1000M optique fibre transceiver. 10M na 100M transceiver ikora kurwego rwumubiri, nibicuruzwa bya transceiver bikorera muriki cyiciro amakuru yimbere buhoro buhoro. Ubu buryo bwo kohereza bufite inyungu zo kwihuta kwihuta, umuvuduko ukabije, gutinda gake, nibindi, nibyiza muburyo bwo guhuza no gutuza, kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa kumurongo uhamye.
10 / 100M optique fibre transceiver ikora kumurongo wamakuru. Kuri iki cyiciro, fibre optique ikoresha uburyo bwo kubika-no-imbere kugirango dusome inkomoko ya MAC, aderesi ya MAC, hamwe na MAC yerekeza kuri buri paki yakiriwe. Amakuru, ipaki yamakuru yoherejwe nyuma ya CRC cyclic redundancy cheque irangiye. Ubwa mbere, irashobora gukumira amakadiri amwe adakwirakwira murusobe kandi igatwara ibikoresho byingenzi byurusobe. Mugihe kimwe, irashobora kandi gukumira gutakaza paki yamakuru bitewe numuyoboro mwinshi.
Ukurikije imiterere, irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa desktop optique fibre transceiver na rack ubwoko bwa optique fibre transceiver. Ibiro bya optique fibre transceiver ikwiranye numukoresha umwe, nko guhura na uplink ya imwehinduramuri koridor. Rack-mount fibre optique transceivers irakwiriye kubakoresha benshi.
Ukurikije fibre, irashobora kugabanwa muburyo bwinshi bwa fibre transceiver hamwe na fibre transibre imwe. Bitewe na fibre optique ikoreshwa, intera yoherejwe ya transceiver iratandukanye. Intera rusange yohereza imiyoboro myinshi yuburyo buri hagati ya kilometero 2 na kilometero 5, mugihe icyerekezo kimwe gishobora gukora intera kuva kuri kilometero 20 kugeza kuri kilometero 120. Twakwibutsa ko kubera itandukaniro ryintera yoherejwe, imbaraga zo kohereza, kwakira sensibilité hamwe nuburebure bwumurongo wa fibre optique transceiver ubwayo nayo izaba itandukanye. Imbaraga zohereza za 5km optique fibre transceiver muri rusange iri hagati ya -20 kugeza -14db, naho ibyakirwa ni -30db, ukoresheje uburebure bwa 1310nm; mugihe imbaraga zo kohereza za kilometero 120 optique ya fibre optique iba hagati ya -5 kugeza 0dB, naho sensibilité yo kwakira ni －38dB, ukoresheje uburebure bwa 1550nm.
Ukurikije umubare wa fibre optique, irashobora kugabanywamo fibre optique transceiver nadual-fibre optique transceiver. Fibre imwe ni ukumenya amakuru yakira no kohereza kuri fibre optique. Ubu bwoko bwibicuruzwa bukoresha tekinoroji yo kugabana umurongo wikubye inshuro nyinshi, kandi uburebure bwakoreshejwe ni 1310nm na 1550nm. Bitewe no gukoresha ibice bigabanya umurongo, ibicuruzwa bya fibre transceiver imwe muri rusange bifite ibimenyetso biranga ibimenyetso binini. Kugeza ubu, ibyinshi mu bikoresho bya fibre optique ku isoko ni ibicuruzwa bibiri bya fibre, bikuze kandi bihamye.
Nibyiza, ibyavuzwe haruguru nintangiriro kubyerekeranye no gutandukanya optique ya optique, optique ya fibre optique na modem optique. Nizere ko bishobora kugufasha!