Mu gusubiza ibibazo byibicuruzwa abakiriya bacu bahura nabyo, abashakashatsi ba R&D ba sosiyete yacu bazabyara ibibazo mugihe cya XPONONU/ GPONONUibicuruzwa ukurikije ibyo umukiriya akeneye, nibiba ngombwa, bizabyara kandi imikoreshereze yabakiriya kandi bikore ikizamini cyo kumanika muri laboratoire yacu ya R&D. Uwitekaoltibikoresho bya sosiyete yacu nabyo bizakoreshwa mugihe cyikizamini, kandi kuzamura imikorere ya software no gukemura amakosa bizakorerwa kuri yo.
Tuzandika ibicuruzwa biri munsi yikizamini, nka XPONONU/ GPONONU, Kuri Gushiraho Igiti. Mugushiraho ibiti, imbaraga za optique zubwengeONUcyangwa ihuriro rya fibre optique izandikwa. Mugihe tugerageza verisiyo nshya yubushoferi munsi ya GPONOLTna EPONOLT.
Uhereye ku cyambu cyawe 8 cyitumanaho ryubwengeONUuruganda rukora module
2. IbyerekeyeOLTKubungabunga ibikoresho
IyoOLTigikoresho kirimo iboneza rya serivisi ya SFU, niba iONUUbwoko ni SFU, naONUIcyambu cya LAN kibona aderesi ya IP yashizweho ninzira yo hejuru yo hejuru, ugomba kongeramo iboneza rya VLAN ryicyambu cya ZXAN (config) # pon-onu-ng gpon-onu_ 1/2/1: 6。 ZXAN (gpon-onu -mng 1/2/1: 6) #vlan icyambu eth_ 0/1 uburyo tag vlan 100
Kuboneza serivisi ya CATV, rebaONUinkunga yo kugenzura CATVhinduraON / OFF binyuze muri OMCI (ME82)
ZXAN (config) # pon-onu-mng gpon-onu_ 1/2/1: 6
ZXAN (gpon-onu-mng 1/2/1: 6) # amashusho yerekana amashusho_ 0/1 gufunga leta
ZXAN (gpon-onu-mng 1/2/1: 6) # videwo yerekana amashusho_ 0/1 leta ifungura
Kuva mucyumba cyawe cy'itumanahoOLTuruganda rukora ibikoresho!
3. XPONONUbijyanye na tekinoroji ya tekinoroji
XPONONUni ikoranabuhanga rikomeje gutera imbere, kandi ikoreshwa mu Bushinwa riragenda ryiyongera. Ubushinwa Telecom bwashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho. Muburyo bwo kunoza buhoro buhoro ibipimo, kubera porogaramu isa nu mwanya wa DSL na XPONONU, uburambe bukuze bwo kuyobora hamwe nikoranabuhanga murwego rwa DSL byakoreshejwe muburyo bwo gukoreshwa. TR101 yerekana icyerekezo gikurikira cyiterambere hamwe nibisabwa tekinike / imiyoborere murwego rwa DSL, na CTC XPONONUiziga byinshi cyangwa bike muri yo
Nigute ushobora kwimuka uva kuri ATM ishingiye kuri DSL (TR059) kuri Ethernet ishingiye kuri DSL
Tanga umurongo mwinshi kandi ukungahaye kuri IP (Video, VOIP, Gukina, L2VPN / IPVPN, nibindi)
IP QOS nziza
Harimo tekiniki nubuyobozi bukenewe kubikorwa byingenzi nka VLAN, QOS, Multicast, nibindi
4. 10G GPONONUIshingiro rya tekiniki
Iterambere risanzwe rya 10G GPONONU:
(1) FSAN igabanya ibisekuruza bizaza PON mubyiciro bibiri: NGA1 ishingiye kuri TDMA PON kugirango yihute. Umuvuduko wacyo usobanurwa nka 10Gbps. NGA2 ni ikiganiro kijyanye no kuzamura ikoranabuhanga rishoboka hamwe nintego zimwe zidasobanutse za NG-PON1. Kurugero, WDM PON, OFDM, nibindi NG-PON irashobora gukoreshwa neza kuri FTTx, nkabakoresha imishinga, abakoresha kugiti cyabo hamwe no gusubiza inyuma mobile.
(2) ITU NGA1 XGPON1 ： 10G GPON Asimmetric ： Yatangajwe G.987.1 & G.987.2; G.987.3 & G. 988 yasohotse muri kamena 2010.ITU NGA1 XGPON2 ： 10G GPON Ikimenyetso ： Ikiganiro gitangira muri 2010.Q1. Ikintu kimwe gishoboka nukwirengagiza 10G GPON no kwimuka muri NGA2.
5. KubakaOLTibikoresho bya code ya sitasiyo ibidukikije
Turi anOLTuruganda rukora ibikoresho, hamwe no kubaka ibidukikije bya coding bizagira uruhare mubyumba byitumanaho.
Kubijyanye no kubaka ibidukikije bya software ya Tftpd32:
1. Shyiramo umugozi wuruhererekane muriOLTibicuruzwa. Nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira: ihuriro ryo hejuru nu ruhererekane rwicyambu, naho ihuriro ryo hepfo ni umuyoboro.
2. Fungura mudasobwa hanyuma uhitemo "Tftpd32 ″ software.
3. Hitamo ububiko bwaho aho Tftpd32 yashyizwemo.
OLT igikoresho kode yandika-v8 software yubaka ibidukikije
1. HitamoOLTandika-v8 software, kanda iburyo kugirango ufungure dosiye yayo.
2. Kuvugurura dosiye yo kuzamura ukurikije iOLTibicuruzwa bisabwa.
OLTigikoresho kode yandika-v8 software yubaka ibidukikije
1. Niba code yanditse neza, interineti ya mudasobwa izerekana icyatsi "PASS"
2. Iyo kode imaze kwandikwa neza, andika urupapuro rwa label ya Mac kuruhande rwibumoso bwinyumaOLTibicuruzwa.
6. Itumanahoonu/ fibre optiqueonugusesengura
Kubijyanye nibyo uboot: uboot mubyukuri ni gahunda rusange ya boot - bootloader. Boot, uzuza ibyuma bitangizwa, utangire ibyuma byububiko bwa porogaramu, utangire ibyuma, kandi wikoreze sisitemu y'imikorere. Shyigikira ibyuma bitandukanye, nka ARM, MIPS, X86, AVR32, RISC-V yubatswe, hamwe na sisitemu zitandukanye zikorwa, nka WinCE, kernel ya Linux, sisitemu y'imikorere ya Android Uruhare rwa uboot nugutangiza CPU murwego rwa mbere, andika ururimi rwo guterana, gutangiza cache, MMU, isaha, umuzamu, DDR3, eMMC, tangira icyiciro cya kabiri, hanyuma utangire kurwego rwubuyobozi. Mubisanzwe, byanditswe mururimi rwa C, gutangiza icyambu, ikarita y'urusobe, usb, lcd, kandi bitanga ibikoresho byinshi. Injira uboot command umurongo, koresha itegeko rya uboot, hanyuma wikoreze sisitemu y'imikorere.
Ibyerekeye intangiriro ya Linux:
Uruhare rwintangiriro: gucunga inzira no gutumanaho inzira: kurema inzira no gusiba, kubanza guhitamo hagati yimikorere, igihe cyo kuzenguruka igihe cyo gutondekanya inzira, no gutumanaho hagati yinzira. Gucunga kwibuka: kugabura kwibuka algorithm. Umwanya wo kwibuka wa buri gikorwa watanzwe na Linux. Sisitemu ya dosiye ishyigikiwe irashobora kwibanda kubashoferi ba Linux: ibikoresho byimiterere, ibikoresho byo guhagarika, ibikoresho byurusobe, guhagarika, hamwe nisaha yintoki binyuze muri cat / proc / filesystems, 4) gucunga ibikoresho. Porotokole y'urusobe: TCP / IP. Urubuga rwemewe rwa kernel ya Linux:https://www.kernel.org/
Kugeza ubu, itumanaho ryacuonu/ fibre optiqueonubinjiye mugukurikirana umutekano, gukwirakwiza amahoteri no gukwirakwiza urusobe rwikigo. Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kubyerekeye ubumenyi bwimbere mubicuruzwa, nyamuneka soma izindi nyandiko zijyanye!
7. ONUUmushinga wibicuruzwa CLI
Ibyerekeye abanyabwenge bacuONUicyitegererezo cyibicuruzwa:
1 、 flash shiraho DEFAULT_ DEVICE_ IZINA HUR2102XR // Izina ryibikoresho kurupapuro
2 flash gushiraho GPON_ ONU_ Icyitegererezo cyatanzwe kuriOLTmuri MODE HUR2102XR // Uburyo bwa GPON
3 flash gushiraho GPON_ ONU_ MODEL HUR2102XR // Abanyamideli babwiweOLTmuburyo bwa GPON
4 flash gushiraho GPON_ ONU_ MODEL HUR2102XR // Abanyamideli babwiweOLTmuburyo bwa GPON
Ibicuruzwa byingenzi byikigo cyacuoltonu/ aconu/ gpononu/ xpononu/ catvonunibicuruzwa byose bishyushye byisosiyete, ishobora gufatanya nogukurikirana umutekano, gukwirakwiza amahoteri no gukwirakwiza ikigo. Niba ubishaka, ushobora kutwandikira kurugo rwacu. Dufite itsinda ryabahanga R&D, mbere yo kugurisha na nyuma yo kugurisha. Ibidukikije byinshi bisanzwe. Hazabaho ubucuruzi bukuru bw'umwuga bwo kumenyekanisha amakuru y'ibicuruzwa by'isosiyete yacu n'imikorere ijyanye na moderi kuri wewe mbere yo kugurisha, kandi itsinda rya serivisi yabigize umwuga rizaguherekeza nyuma yo kugurisha. Murakaza neza!
8. Ibisobanuro bya sfp optique fibre module
Igisobanuro cya optique module: Module optique igizwe nibikoresho bya optoelectronic, imiyoboro ikora hamwe ninteruro nziza. Ibikoresho bya optoelectronic birimo ibice bibiri: kohereza no kwakira. Muri make, imikorere ya optique ni guhinduranya amashanyarazi. Impera yohereza ihindura ibimenyetso byamashanyarazi mubimenyetso bya optique. Nyuma yo kwanduza binyuze muri fibre optique, impera yakira ihindura ibimenyetso bya optique mubimenyetso byamashanyarazi.
Ubwoko bwa optique module:
1 、 Ukoresheje paki: 1X9, GBIC, SFF, SFP, XFP, SFP +, X2, XENPAK, 300pin
2 、 Gutondekanya ukoresheje amashanyarazi: gucomeka (urutoki rwa zahabu) (module 5g optique / 1.25g optique module / 10g optique module), uburyo bwo gusudira pin (1 × 9/2 × 9 / SFF)
Mubisanzwe, ikimenyetso kirenze 2.5G, kandi hariho igihombo runaka cyikimenyetso mugihe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusudira pin. Iyo irenze 10G, ugomba gukoresha urutoki rwa zahabu. Kubwibyo, ubungubu bwohejuru-module module amashanyarazi yose muburyo bwintoki za zahabu. Nyamara, ibyiza byo gusudira kumurongo pin ni uko ikomera kuruta urutoki rwa zahabu. Mubihe bimwe bidasanzwe, umurongo pin welding interineti igomba gukoreshwa.
Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kuri gigabit imwe-moderi ya sfp optique module cyangwa ubundi bwoko bwibicuruzwa bya module, nyamuneka twandikire kurupapuro rwurugo!
9. Imiterere y'itumanaho rya SFP
Nubwo paki, umuvuduko no kohereza intera yubwoko butandukanye bwa optique modules zitandukanye, ibice byimbere ni bimwe. SFP transceiver optique module yagiye ihinduka inzira nyamukuru ya progaramu bitewe na miniaturizasi yayo, gucomeka byoroshye, gushyigikira bisanzwe bya SFF8472, gusoma byoroshye, no kumenya neza (muri +/- 2dBm). Ibikurikira nurugero rwa optique ya SFP yo kumenyekanisha ibice byimbere hamwe namahame y'akazi bijyanye:
Ibanze shingiro rya optique module ikubiyemo ibice bikurikira:
1. Igikoresho cya optique: igikoresho cya optique nigikoresho cyivanze kigizwe nibice bike bya optoelectronic na IC, ibice bya pasiporo (nka resistance, capacitance, inductance, inductance, microlens, isolator), fibre optique hamwe nicyuma cyuma, bihujwe kandi bipakiye hamwe kugirango barangize imirimo imwe cyangwa myinshi.
2. Ikomatanyirizo ryumuzunguruko (PCBA): Inzira yose ya PCB yubusa yubusa ikoresheje SMT (chip mounting) cyangwa ikoresheje DIP icomeka, bita PCBA. Ikwirakwizwa ryiza rya optique / optique yakira umuzenguruko, chip (kugenzura chip, chip yo kubika), amplifier (kugabanya amplifier), kugarura amakuru yisaha (CDR), urutoki rwa zahabu
3. Igikonoshwa: ibikoresho byo hanze birimo igikonoshwa (urupapuro rwicyuma hejuru)
10. Isesengura rya SMT (SMT) ingorane zuburyo bwa optique module optique PCB 'A.
Ingano ya optique module ubwayo ni nto cyane, kandi ubucucike bwibigize kuri PCB 'A ihuye nini kandi nini ni nto. Mubisanzwe, ibice bya chip bipakirwa cyane muri pake 0402, naho 0201 nayo igatezwa imbere buhoro buhoro. Mubyongeyeho, kubera ko module optique igomba guhuzwa na sisitemu fatizo ikoresheje urutoki rwa Zahabu, ikibazo cy "umwanda" cyurutoki rwa Zahabu muri gahunda ya SMT nacyo kiba kimwe mubibazo bigoye.
Mubyongeyeho, kubera urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwishyira hamwe, modules zimwe za optique PCBA igomba gukoresha uburyo bushya bwo guhanga udushya:
➢ Binyuze mu mwobo uhuza (THC: Binyuze mu mwobo) bifata binyuze mu mwobo ugaragaza inzira nshya (THR: Binyuze mu mwobo);
Board Ikibaho cyoroshye cyandika cyumuzunguruko (FPC) hamwe ninama yumuzunguruko ikomeye (PCB) irasudwa no guhuza imbaho zoroshye kandi zikomeye (FoB: FPC on Board);
40 0402 uburyo bushya bwo gusudira bwa 3D busanzwe bwo gusudira hagati yo kurwanya chip na capacitance (CoC: Chip on Chip).
Murakaza neza kugirango mumenye byinshi kubicuruzwa byubumenyi bwitumanaho rya optique module, plugable optique module, 10MW optique module, module itumanaho rya optique, imiyoboro ya optique hamwe na module ya optique itumanaho kurubuga rwacu. Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bya optique birashobora gukoreshwa muburyo bwo gutumanaho amakuru, ibikoresho bya mudasobwa, kugenzura umutekano no kugenzura inganda.
11. Iterambere ryiterambere rya Moderi nziza
1. Miniaturisation
Kugeza ubu, amarushanwa ku isoko ryitumanaho rya optique aragenda arushaho gukaza umurego, ubwinshi bwibikoresho byitumanaho bigenda biba bito kandi bito, kandi ubucucike bwimiterere bukubiye mubibaho byimbere buragenda bwiyongera. Module gakondo ya optique yatandukanijwe na laser na detector byagoye guhuza nibisabwa nibikoresho byitumanaho bigezweho. Kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa ibikoresho byitumanaho kubikoresho bya optique, modul optique iratera imbere igana uduce duto duto cyane. Module ihuriweho cyane na moderi ituma abayikoresha batunganya ibimenyetso byihuse byihuta byerekana ibimenyetso bya optoelectronic, kugabanya R&D nibizunguruka, kugabanya ubwoko bwibigize byaguzwe, no kugabanya ibiciro byumusaruro. Kubwibyo, barushijeho gutoneshwa nabakora ibikoresho.
2. Igiciro gito no gukoresha ingufu nke
Ubwinshi bwibikoresho byitumanaho bigenda biba bito kandi bito, kandi ubucucike bwimbere bukubiye mu kibaho cyimbere buragenda bwiyongera, bisaba ibikoresho bya optoelectronic gutera imbere mu cyerekezo cyigiciro gito no gukoresha ingufu nke. Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bya optique muri rusange bifata uburyo bwo guhuza imvange hamwe nuburyo bwo gupakira ibintu. Iterambere ritaha rizaba ibipfunyika bitarimo umwuka, bikenera gushingira ku guhuza optique (guhuza icyerekezo kitari XYZ) hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga kugirango turusheho kunoza urwego rwimikorere no kugabanya ibiciro.
3. Igipimo cyo hejuru
Abantu basaba amakuru menshi kandi menshi nigipimo cyihuse cyo kohereza amakuru. Nka nkingi nyamukuru yo guhanahana amakuru agezweho, gutunganya no kohereza, umuyoboro witumanaho wa optique wagiye utera imbere ugana kuri ultra-high frequency, ultra-high umuvuduko nubushobozi bwa ultra-nini. Iyo igipimo cyo kohereza nubushobozi biri hejuru, nigiciro cyo kohereza amakuru yose.
4. Intera ndende
Uyu munsi imiyoboro ya optique ni myinshi kandi ni kure cyane, isaba transcevers ya kure kugirango ihuze. Ibimenyetso bya kure bya transceiver birashobora kohereza byibuze kilometero 100 nta amplification. Intego yacyo nyamukuru nukuzigama optique ya optique ihenze no kugabanya ikiguzi cyitumanaho ryiza. Ukurikije gusuzuma intera yoherejwe, transcevers nyinshi za kure zihitamo umurongo wa 1550 (intera yumurambararo ni nka 1530 kugeza 1565 nm) nkumurongo wakazi, kubera ko igihombo cya optique cyohereza ari gito muriki cyiciro, kandi amplificateur optique iboneka byose birakora muri iri tsinda.
5. Swap ishyushye
Ni ukuvuga, module irashobora guhuzwa cyangwa guhagarikwa kubikoresho bitabujije amashanyarazi. Kuberako module optique ishyushye-swappable, umuyobozi wurusobe arashobora kuzamura no kwagura sisitemu adafunze umuyoboro, bitazagira ingaruka kubakoresha kumurongo. Gucomeka bishyushye kandi byoroshya imirimo yo kubungabunga muri rusange kandi bigafasha abakoresha amaherezo gucunga neza modules zabo. Muri icyo gihe, kubera iyi mikorere yo guhanahana amakuru ashyushye, iyi module ituma abashinzwe imiyoboro bakora igenamigambi rusange ryikiguzi cya transceiver, intera ihuza hamwe na topologiya zose zikurikije ibisabwa kugirango bazamure imiyoboro, badasimbuye imbaho zose za sisitemu.
12. Amahame shingiro yo guhinduranya
LAN gakondo ikoresha HUB, ifite bisi imwe, naho bisi imwe ni amakimbirane. LAN gakondo rero ni umuyoboro uringaniye, kandi LAN ni murwego rumwe. Ubutumwa bwoherejwe nuwakiriye wese azakirwa nizindi mashini zose murwego rumwe rwamakimbirane. Nyuma, ikiraro cyurusobe (layer 2hindura) yakoreshejwe mu gusimbuza hub (HUB) murusobe. Buri cyambu gishobora gufatwa nka bisi itandukanye, kandi agace k’amakimbirane kagabanutse kuri buri cyambu, bitezimbere cyane imikorere yurusobe rwohereza ubutumwa bwa unicast kandi bitezimbere cyane imikorere yumurongo wa 2. Niba uwakiriye yohereje ubutumwa bwo gutangaza, igikoresho kirashobora kwakira ubutumwa bwo gutangaza. Mubisanzwe twita urwego rwohereza ubutumwa bwogutangaza nkurwego rwo gutangaza. Iyo ikiraro cyumuyoboro gitanga ubutumwa bwogutangaza amakuru, biracyakenewe gukora kopi nyinshi zubutumwa bwogutangaza no kohereza mubice byose byurusobe. Hamwe no kwaguka kwurwego rwurusobe, hari ubutumwa bwinshi kandi bwinshi bwo gutangaza amakuru murusobe, kandi ubutumwa bwo gutangaza butwara ibintu byinshi kandi byinshi byurusobe, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere y'urusobe. Iki nicyo bita ikibazo cyo gutangaza amakuru.
Bitewe no kugabanuka kw'ihame ry'akazi ry'ikiraro imiyoboro ibiri, ikiraro ntigishobora kugira icyo kijyanye n'umuyaga wo gutangaza. Kugirango tunoze imikorere yurusobe, mubisanzwe birakenewe gutandukanya umuyoboro: kugabanya imiyoboro minini yo gutangaza mubice bito bito byamamaza.
Mubihe byashize, LAN yakunze kugabanywa binyuze muri router. UwitekaRoutermu gishushanyo gisimbuza urwego rwagatihinduramubishushanyo bibanza, bigabanya cyane uburyo bwo kohereza ubutumwa. Iki gisubizo gikemura ikibazo cyo gutangaza umuyaga, arikoRouterni Byakoreshejwe Kuri Gutandukanya Umuyoboro mu bice ku ihuriro. Igenamigambi ryurusobe riragoye, uburyo bwo guhuza ntabwo bworoshye, kandi byongera cyane ingorane zo kuyobora no kubungabunga. Nubundi buryo bwo gutandukanya LAN, uburyo bwa LAN bwinjijwe mubisubizo byurusobe kugirango bikemure ibibazo byugarije ibice bibiri byurusobe rwibidukikije.
Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) igabanya muburyo bwumutungo wabakoresha hamwe nabakoresha imiyoboro ukurikije amahame amwe, kandi igabanya umuyoboro nyawo muburyo busanzwe bworoshye. Iyi miyoboro ntoya yumvikana igizwe na domeni zabo bwite, ni ukuvuga LAN VLANs. Igishushanyo, hagatihindurani Byakoreshejwe, ariko Ibumoso n'Iburyo ni ibya VLAN zitandukanye, bikora ibyabo bwite. Ubutumwa bwamamaza ntibushobora koherezwa kuriyi domeni.
Virtual LAN igabanya itsinda ryabakoresha mubice bitandukanye byurusobe rwumubiri mubice bya LAN, mubyukuri ni kimwe na LAN gakondo mumikorere no mubikorwa, kandi irashobora gutanga imikoranire ya sisitemu ya terefone murwego runaka.
13. EPONONU/ GPONONUItandukaniro, ku ya 6 Mata 2022
Ibipimo bitandukanye (sisitemu ya PON)
EPON: IEEE 802.3ah. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bihuza tekinoroji ya Ethernet na PON. Ikoranabuhanga rya PON rikoreshwa muburyo bugaragara kandi protocole ya Ethernet ikoreshwa murwego rwo guhuza amakuru kugirango igere kuri PON
GPON: ITU-TG.984 y'uruhererekane rw'uruhererekane, rushingiye ku ihererekanyabubasha (TC), rushobora kurangiza guhuza n'imihindagurikire ya serivisi zitandukanye.
Ibiciro bitandukanye
EPON itanga uplink ihamye kandi ikamanuka 1.25Gbps; EPON ishyigikira igipimo ntarengwa cya 1: 64;
GPON ishyigikira kuzamuka no kumanura igipimo cya asimmetric, hamwe na 2.5Gbps cyangwa 1.25G no kuzamura 1.25Gbps;
GPON ishyigikira ntarengwa 1: 128 (agaciro ka theoretical);
Gushyira mu bikorwa no kwiteza imbere
EPON: ugereranije nigiciro gito no kubungabunga byoroshye, aribwo guhitamo abakora benshi mugihe cyambere
GPON: Ibipimo byuzuye, inkunga nziza ya serivise hamwe nibisabwa tekinike ihanitse niyo nzira yo guhuza imiyoboro ya optique
Sisitemu isanzwe ya GPON "irakinguye", iganirwaho kandi igatezwa imbere nimiryango ine yingenzi (ITU-T SG15 Q2, FSAN, Ihuriro ryagutse, ATIS NIPP);
Igipimo cya EPON cyatangijwe na IEEE kandi cyanonosowe nabakora mubihugu bitandukanye, ugereranije "gifunze"
14. Intangiriro Yibanze Kumikorere ya software yaONUIbicuruzwa
ONUImigaragarire ya software igabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri:
(1) Injira Urubuga
(2) Gushiraho Urubuga
ONUUtubuto ：
Urufunguzo: RST, WPS, WIFI
Aho uherereye: uruhande cyangwa imbere (igishushanyo mbonera)
Imikorere: Ongera usubize igenamiterere ryuruganda, kanda kandi ufate 5-10S, hanyuma urekure
WIFI ishoboza, fungura cyangwa uzimye imikorere ya WIFI
Igenamiterere rya WPS WIFI: kanda urufunguzo rwa WPS, hanyuma ibipimo bya WPS bizamurika. Muri iki gihe, umukiriya wa WIFI arashobora gukoresha umurongo wa WPS kugirango arangize umuyoboro utagendanwa utarinze kwinjiza ijambo ryibanga rya SSID.
Optical fibre ihuza ikoreshwa niyacuONUibicuruzwa:
SC / UPC
Guhuza abiyandikisha / Bisanzwe
➢ Shyira ubwoko, byoroshye gupakira no gupakurura
➢ ni umuhuza cyane. Uburemere bworoshye, ubunini buto, byoroshye gukora
SC / APC
Guhuza Umubiri
Gusya no gusya hejuru ya microsphere hejuru ya dogere 8
Garuka igihombo ≥ 60dB, gikunze gukoreshwa mumurongo wa tereviziyo ya televiziyo kugirango wohereze ibimenyetso bya CATV
Loop-Detect: Port loop detection: Kohereza ubutumwa bwihariye ku byambu by'igikoresho hanyuma umenye niba ubutumwa bushobora koherezwa kuva. Icyerekezo cyerekezo cyongeye kwakirwa kugirango hamenyekane niba ku cyambu hari ibizunguruka. Niba hari impuruza yoherejwe nigikoresho, funga icyambu. Umuzingo umaze guhanagurwa, fungura icyambu hanyuma utangaze impuruza.
Iyo ukoreshaONUibicuruzwa, bizaba birimo uburyo ducungaONU:
Uburyo bune bwo kuyobora bwaONU
Ubuyobozi bwa WEB
Ubuyobozi bwa CLI
Ubuyobozi bwa OAM / OMCI
TR069 / SNMP
15.ONU-OAM / OMCI
OAM
Gukora, Ubuyobozi & Kubungabunga
Standard Ibipimo mpuzamahanga IEEE 802.3 ah, bisanzwe murugo CTC 3.0
√ OAM ni protocole y'imikoranire hagatiONUna EPONOLTmuburyo bwa EPON "inzira yo kuvumbura" "guhuza ibikorwa" "kubaza no gushiraho" "impuruza"
OMCI
Management Imiyoboro ya ONT & Igenzura “ONT Ubuyobozi & Igenzura”
Standard ITU-T G984 mpuzamahanga. x ITU-T G988
OMCI ni protocole yimikoranire hagatiONUna GPONOLTmuburyo bwa GPON
SNMP - Porotokole yoroshye yo gucunga imiyoboro
Ikoreshwa mubuyobozi bukoreramo kugirango icunge kure ibikoresho byose byurusobekerane rushyigikira protocole, harimo kubaza imiterere y'urusobe, guhindura imiterere y'urusobe, no kwakira amakuru yibikorwa byurusobe. "Gucunga Iboneza" "Gucunga Amakosa" "Gucunga Imikorere" "Gucunga Umutekano"
Ibintu bibiri byingenzi bya SNMP ni MIB (Ubuyobozi bushinzwe amakuru) na OID (Ikiranga ibintu)
Ubuyobozi bushingiye kubuyobozi MIB: busobanura amakuru yubuyobozi ashobora gukoreshwa kubikoresho. Intumwa nubuyobozi bukoresha MIB nkimikorere ihuriweho namakuru yo gutumanaho
Ikiranga ibintu OID: ikintu kiyobowe na MIB (indangamuntu idasanzwe)
Kurugero, 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 Kubona amakuru yibanze ya sisitemu (SysDesc)
16. Urusobe rwa Topologiya
√ WiFi irashobora guhuzwa binyuze mumurongo itandukanye ya topologiya, kandi kuvumbura no kugera kumurongo nabyo bifite ibyo bisabwa n'intambwe. Umuyoboro udafite WiFi urimo ubwoko bubiri bwa topologiya: ibikorwa remezo na ad-hoc. Ibintu bibiri byingenzi byingenzi: sitasiyo (STA): ibyingenzi byingenzi bigize urusobe. Buri terefone ihujwe numuyoboro udafite umugozi (nka mudasobwa igendanwa, PDA nibindi bikoresho byabakoresha bishobora guhuzwa numuyoboro) birashobora kwitwa sitasiyo. Wireless access point (AP): uwashizeho umuyoboro udafite umugozi hamwe nu murongo wo hagati wurusobe. Mubisanzwe, umugoziRouterikoreshwa murugo cyangwa mu biro ni AP. Umuyoboro, urufunguzo (nka WEP), protocole y'urusobe (nka DHCP), ikiraro, nibindi bigomba gushyirwaho. Abakiriya ni desktop, ikaye, mudasobwa ikoreshwa nibindi bikoresho byabakoresha.
Network Umuyoboro wibanze udashingiye kuri AP
Byakozwe na AP kandi bigizwe na STA nyinshi
√ AP ni ihuriro ryumuyoboro wose
ST STA ntishobora kuvugana hagati yayo kandi igomba koherezwa na AP. Ibikurikira nubuso bwa topologiya ya GPON yikigo cyacuOLT/ XPONOLT/OLTONU/ ACONU/ telefoneONU/ WIFIONU/ CATVONUkubisobanuro:
17. OSI 7-Imiyoboro Yububiko
Lay Igice gifatika: 802.11b gisobanura igipimo cyo kohereza amakuru ya 11Mbps ikora muri bande ya 2.4GHz ya ISM yumurongo wumubiri ukoresha tekinoroji yo gukwirakwiza imirongo ya tekinoroji (Frequency-hopping Spread Spectrum, FHSS) hamwe na Spreadrum Ikwirakwiza ， DSSS）
Lay Igice cya MAC: Igice cya MAC gitanga imirimo myinshi yo gushyigikira imikorere ya neti. Binyuze kurubuga rwa MAC Urashobora gushiraho umuyoboro cyangwa kugera kumurongo uriho no kohereza amakuru kumurongo wa LLC.
Layeri ya LLC: IEEE802.11 ikoresha urwego rumwe rwa LLC hamwe na 48-bit ya MAC ya adresse ya IEEE802.2 Aderesi, ituma ikiraro kiri hagati ya simsiz na wire byoroshye cyane. Ariko adresse ya MAC irihariye gusa WLAN igena.
Lay Urusobe rw'urusobe: IP protocole yemejwe, niyo protocole y'ingenzi mumabwiriza ya interineti agomba gukurikizwa mugihe avugana.
Lay Igice cyo gutwara abantu: TCP / UDP protocole yemewe. TCP ni protocole-ihuza protocole kandi irashobora gutanga IPReliable yoherejwe mubidukikije; UDP ni protocole idafite aho ihurira idatanga kwizerwa kuri IP
Ikwirakwizwa. Kubisabwa byizewe cyane, ubwikorezi busanzwe bukoresha protocole ya TCP. Igice cyo gusaba: cyashyizwe mubikorwa ukurikije ibisabwa, nka protocole ya HTTP, DNS (Sisitemu yizina rya sisitemu, sisitemu yo gukemura izina rya domaine) protocole. Kugeza ubu, Haidiwei itanga cyane cyane imiyoboro y'urusobekerane n'ibikoresho byohereza, nka: byose-optiquehindura, SFP optique module, GPONOLT, GPONONUurukurikirane, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo gikurikira:
18.ONU+ Agasanduku k'irembo rya STB, ku ya 7 Mata 2022
Kugeza ubu, nk'umukoresha wa terefone igikoresho,ONUni igikoresho gitandukanye na tereviziyo ya sisitemu yashizwe hejuru. Ihujwe na set-top box sisitemu binyuze mumikoreshereze yimikoreshereze yaONUmuri sisitemu ya EPON. Iyo igisekuru kizaza cyo gukwirakwiza imiyoboro itera imbere kuri FTTH, buri rugo rukenera ibikoresho bibiri byanyuma, kimwe cyashyizwe hejuru-agasandukuONU, bizatakaza umwanya wabakoresha kandi byongere umutwaro ukoresha. Muri iki gihe, 9602CONU+ Ikoranabuhanga ryibicuruzwa bya STB ryabaye intego yinganda. Muguhuza imikorere yaONUmu isanduku-isanduku, imikorere ya set-top agasanduku izaba ikomeye, umuvuduko wo gutunganya amakuru uzihuta, kandi ibyifuzo byo gusaba bizaba binini.
Kugeza ubu, iterambere rya IPTV rihura ahanini n’ikibazo cya tekiniki yukuntu twaca mu mbibi z’umugozi mugari, n’akamaro nyako ko kwinjira mu itumanaho rya optique mu itumanaho. Umuyoboro wa 10G-PON ntushobora kwemerera abakoresha kumva no kureba urukurikirane rwa porogaramu zikungahaye kandi nziza cyane zerekana amashusho nka HD, UHD, 3D, ariko kandi igaha abakoresha serivisi zikomeye za interineti nko kwivuza kumurongo, kumurongo kwigisha, e-ubucuruzi kumurongo, kuganira kumajwi, itumanaho rya videwo, nibindi, Birashobora no kugira uruhare rwumukozi murugo murugo rwumukoresha, bigaha abakoresha umutekano wurugo rwiza, interineti yibintu hamwe nibindi bikoresho byurugo byubwenge. Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd yatanze “9602CONU+ STB ”umushinga R&D. Kubwiyi ntego, yitangiye kuzamura tekiniki, gukora ubushakashatsi buhanitse buhanga buhanitse kandi bunini cyane bwa tekiniki, no gukora ubushakashatsi bwibikoresho bishya kandi byukuri bikwiranye nitsinda ryinshi.
19. Ikibanza cya MINIONU
IbirihoONUibikoresho bigizwe ahaniniONUchip, BOSA (Bi-icyerekezo Optical Subassembly) ibyerekezo byombi bya optique transceiver module, module module, icyapa cyumuzingo cyacapwe hamwe nigikonoshwa gikingira; UwitekaONUchip, module ya optique na module module byapakiwe kumurongo wacapwe; Impera imwe ya BOSA ni umuhuza hamwe ningurube, ushyizwe kumurongo wacapwe kandi ugakoreshwa muguhuza hamwe na fibre optique ihuza umurongo wa optiqueOLT; Iyindi mpera ya BOSA nayo ihujwe nubuyobozi bwa PCB; Iyi miterere iganisha ku bunini bunini bwa byoseONUibicuruzwa, bifata umwanya kandi ntibyoroshye gushiraho, kandi biragoye kuva muri fibre optique. Buri gihe hazabaho igice cya fibre optique yashyizwe ahagaragara, ishobora kwibasirwa cyane nuruhererekane rwibibazo nko kumena fibre no kunanirwa guhinduranya ibimenyetso biterwa nimbaraga zo hanze. Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, “MINIONUkare ”umushinga w'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere washyizwe imbere. Kubwiyi ntego, iterambere rya tekiniki ryarakozwe, hashyirwaho ubushakashatsi buhanitse bwo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi bunini cyane bwa tekiniki, kandi hashyizweho ubushakashatsi ku bikoresho bishya kandi byiza rwose. Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronics itanga ubwoko butandukanye bwa GPONONU/ WIFIONU/ Serivisi za ODM, zitanga serivisi imwe kubakiriya b'ubu bwoko bw'ubucuruzi.
20. MINI Transceiver
Imiyoboro gakondo ya optique ya fibre transiteri ni itumanaho rya Ethernet yohereza itangazamakuru rihinduranya intera ngufi ihinduranya ibyuma byamashanyarazi nibimenyetso birebire bya optique, byongerera intera ihuza Ethernet kandi ikarenga intera ya metero 100 ukoresheje impande zombi. Amashanyarazi ya fibre optique akoreshwa muburyo busanzwe bwurusobe aho insinga ya Ethernet idashobora gupfuka kandi fibre optique igomba gukoreshwa kugirango yongere intera yoherejwe, kandi mubisanzwe ishyirwa mubikorwa byogukoresha umurongo mugari wa metropolitan. Mubisanzwe, amashanyarazi ya optique ya fibre optique ku isoko ihujwe neza na chip nkuru. Mugihe habaye impinduka zitunguranye zinjiza voltage cyangwa ikigezweho, igipimo cyogukwirakwiza nubuziranenge bizagira ingaruka, kandi chip nyamukuru izangirika byoroshye. Kugirango dukemure ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, umushinga wa "IC + 175 MINI transceiver" R&D urasabwa: kunoza ikoranabuhanga, kwiga tekinoroji yubuhanga buhanitse kandi nini cyane, no kwiga ibikoresho bishya kandi byukuri bikwiye kuri benshi. y'amatsinda. Muri icyo gihe, isosiyete yacu isaba ishami ry’imari gushyiraho konti yigenga y’ibaruramari ry’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’umushinga, kandi amafaranga agengwa n’imicungire idasanzwe. Ishami rya tekinike rigomba gushimangira imicungire yimishinga, kandi andi mashami yisosiyete agomba gutanga ubufasha nubufatanye hakurikijwe ibisabwa nitsinda ryumushinga R&D kugirango umushinga ugerweho neza kandi urangire neza. Shenzhen Haidiwei Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd itanga fibre optiquehinduraserivisi za ODM
21. Byakozwe na POE nano transceiver
Muburyo bwa optique ya fibre optique yo kwishyiriraho, ibikoresho byo guhindura amashanyarazi bigomba gushyirwaho, mugihe ibikoresho bihari bifata amashanyarazi bikoresha uburyo bumwe bwo gutanga amashanyarazi, ni ukuvuga kubona ingufu zakazi mubindi bikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi kugirango bikomeze. Ariko, mugihe icyambu cyo kubona amashanyarazi yibikoresho byo guhindura amashanyarazi byananiranye, cyangwa ishyaka ryo gutanga amashanyarazi bikananirana, ibikoresho byo guhindura amashanyarazi ntibikora bisanzwe, bityo bikagira ingaruka zikomeye kubikorwa. Mu rwego rwo gukemura ibibazo byavuzwe haruguru, umushinga wa “IC + nano PD POE transceiver” R&D urasabwa: kunoza ikoranabuhanga, kwiga byinshi mu buhanga buhanitse kandi bunini cyane, kandi ukiga ibikoresho bishya kandi byukuri bikwiye kuri net amatsinda menshi. Muri icyo gihe, isosiyete yacu isaba ishami ry’imari gushyiraho konti yigenga y’ibaruramari ry’ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’umushinga, kandi amafaranga agengwa n’imicungire idasanzwe. Ishami rya tekinike rigomba gushimangira imicungire yimishinga, kandi andi mashami yisosiyete agomba gutanga ubufasha nubufatanye hakurikijwe ibisabwa nitsinda ryumushinga R&D kugirango umushinga ugerweho neza kandi urangire neza.
22. Igice cya Optical UnitONU
OLT: umurongo wa optique, ucunga ibikoresho byinshi bya terefone (ONU). Nibikoresho kandi byinjira mumurongo wo hanze no kwinjira imbere. Uruhare: tanga uruhande rwuruhande rwa optique yo kubona imiyoboro no kuvugana naONUkuruhande rwabakoresha binyuze muri ODN imwe cyangwa nyinshi. Isano iri hagatiOLTnaONUni umutware-umugaragu. ODN: imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza optique, izwi nka optique itandukanya. Inzira ya optique yumurongo wumurongo ikwirakwizwa kubikoresho kuri terefone nyinshi (ONU). Uruhare: Itanga uburyo bwo kohereza optique hagatiOLTnaONU. Igikorwa cyacyo nyamukuru ni ukurangiza umukoro wibikoresho bya optique. ODN numuyoboro wa optique wo gukwirakwiza gusa ugizwe nibice bya optique (nka fibre optique na kabili, umuhuza wa optique na optique ya optique).ONU: umuyoboro wa optique; Mubisanzwe, birashobora kumvikana nkurugoRouteror hindura. Itandukaniro nyamukuru hagati yibikoresho bikoreshwa murusobe rusanzwe rwahinduwe ni uko hari icyambu cya optique cyiyongera. Imikorere: Itanga interineti yumukoresha-kuruhande rwa optique yo kubona imiyoboro, iherereye kuruhande rwabakoresha ba ODN. OAN ni umuyoboro winjira ukoresheje tekinoroji yohereza fibre optique, ni ukuvuga sisitemu yitumanaho hagati yibiro byahinduranya byegereye hamwe nabakoresha bakoresha fibre optique muri rusange cyangwa igice. Umuyoboro mwiza ushobora kugabanywamo imiyoboro ya optique (PON) hamwe numuyoboro wa optique (AON). Ugereranije nubu bwoko bubiri bwimiyoboro ya optique, iterambere ryumuyoboro wa optique uzahita wihuta mubiciro. Ukurikije ahantu runakaONUmurusobekerane rwa optique, OAN irashobora kugabanywamo muburyo butandukanye muburyo butandukanye bwo gusaba: 1) Fibre optique to box box (FTTCab) 2) Fibre optique kugeza kumuhanda (FTTCub) 3) Fibre optique yo kubaka (FTTB) 4) Fibre optique to urugo (FTTH) hamwe na fibre optique kubiro (FTTO) tekinoroji ya PON: PON numuyoboro umwe-fibre ebyiri-optique yo guhuza imiyoboro hamwe na point-to-multipoint (P2MP), kandi topologiya isanzwe ni ubwoko bwibiti
23. Nigute ushobora gutandukanya imiyoboro ya optiqueOLTnaONU
NikiOLT?
Izina ryuzuye ryaOLTni Optical Line Terminal.OLTni umurongo wa optique, ni ibikoresho byo mu biro ibikoresho byitumanaho. Byakoreshejwe muguhuza optique fibre trunk imirongo. Ikora nka ahinduraor Routermurusobe rwitumanaho gakondo, kandi nigikoresho ku bwinjiriro bwurusobe rwo hanze no kwinjirira murusobe rwimbere. Ku biro birangira, ibikorwa byingenzi byogukora ni gahunda yumuhanda, kugenzura buffer, hamwe nu mukoresha-ugana pasiporo optique ya interineti hamwe nogutanga umurongo. Mumagambo yoroshye, ni ukumenya imikorere ibiri: hejuru yo kugera kumurongo wa PON; Kuburyo bwo hasi, amakuru yabonetse azoherezwa kandi akwirakwizwa kuri boseONUukoresha ibikoresho bya terefone binyuze mumurongo wa ODN.
NikiONU?
ONUni ihuriro rya optique.ONUifite imirimo ibiri: guhitamo guhitamo ibiganiro byoherejwe naOLT, no kwakira no gusubiza iOLTniba ikeneye kwakira amakuru; Kusanya no kubika amakuru ya Ethernet abakoresha bakeneye kohereza, no kohereza amakuru yabitswe kuriOLTterminal ukurikije idirishya ryoherejwe.
Mumuyoboro wa FTTx (kanda hano kugirango umenye vuba FTTx), uburyo butandukanye bwo kohereza bwaONUkwinjira nabyo biratandukanye, kurugero, FTTC (Fibre Kuri The Curb):ONUishyirwa mucyumba cya mudasobwa hagati ya selire; FTTB (Fibre Kuri Inyubako):ONUishyirwa mu gasanduku gahuza koridor; FTTH (Fibre Kuri Murugo):ONUishyirwa murugo ukoresha.
24. Kubijyanye nogukoresha Gigabit Optical Modules hamwe na Switch
Nigute ushobora guhuza modul optique na switch byahoze ari ikibazo gishyushye muruganda. Umukino uri hagati ya switch na optique modules ntabwo ugena gusa niba ushobora gukoreshwa mubisanzwe nyuma yo guhuza, ariko kandi bigira ingaruka niba sisitemu y'urusobekerane ishobora kuzamurwa nigiciro gito kandi ikora neza murwego rwanyuma. Kubwibyo, HDV izibanda kuburyo bwo gukoresha gigabit optique modules hamwe na switch. Kurihindura, icyambu cya optique yikadirihinduramuri rusange ishoboye gushyigikira ikoreshwa rya gigabit optique module ya 10-gigabit optique, hamwe no gukoresha 100-gigabit optique module ya gigabit, ni ukuvuga kwihuta. Ariko, uplink optique icyambuhindurantabwo ishigikira kugabanya umuvuduko wavuzwe haruguru, kandi kumanura optique ya port irashobora gushyigikira kugabanya umuvuduko hejuru mubihe bisanzwe. Ariko, mubisanzwe ntabwo byemewe kugabanya umuvuduko wicyambu. Kubwibyo, gigabit optique module na gigabithindurani amahitamo meza.
Moderi ya gigabit optique ishingiye kubintu bitandukanye: itumanaho ryamakuru, ibikoresho bya mudasobwa ikoreshwa, ikigo cyamakuru, kugenzura umutekano, no kugenzura inganda.
25. IbyacuOLTIbikoresho
OLTni umurongo wa optique. Ni anOLTsisitemu yo gucunga imiyoboro ishingiye kuri CLI, WEB na NMS, ikoreshwa muguhuza ibikoresho byanyuma bya optique ya fibre optique. Ukurikije sisitemu yuburyo bwa sisitemu ya EPON,OLTasobanukiwe nihame ryakazi, asesengura ibyasabwe mubucuruzi bwa optique yumurongo wa optique, atandukanya module nyamukuru yimikorere, kandi aganira kumikorere ya buri gice cya sisitemu ya EPON. Ibyiza byaOLTni ingano ntoya, ibikoresho byoroshye, ibiciro byo kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga, hamwe nishoramari rito. Ibikoresho bya pasiporo byoroshye biroroshye guhuza imiyoboro, kandi topologiya yayo irashobora gushyigikira igiti, inyenyeri, bisi, imvange, ikirenga hamwe nubundi buryo bwa topologiya. Byoroshye gushiraho, ifite ubwoko bwimbere no hanze. Imiterere yinyuma irashobora kumanikwa kurukuta cyangwa gushyirwa kumurongo wa "H", udakodesha cyangwa ngo wubake icyumba cyimashini. Nyamara, sisitemu ikora ikenera guhinduranya amashanyarazi na electro-optique, kandi ibikoresho byo gukora ni byinshi. Irakeneye gukoresha imbuga zidasanzwe hamwe nicyumba cyimashini. Ikibazo cyo gutanga amashanyarazi ya kure kiragoye kugikemura, kandi imirimo yo kubungabunga buri munsi ni nini. Umuyoboro mwiza wa optique ukwiranye nu ngingo-kuri-itumanaho. Gusa pasitiki optique itandukanya ikoreshwa mugutahura ingufu za optique. Umuyoboro wa optique ni umuyoboro uciriritse, wirinda rwose kwivanga kwa electromagnetique ningaruka zumurabyo, kandi birakwiriye cyane gukoreshwa ahantu hafite imiterere mibi. Urebye iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, kwagura imiyoboro ya optique ya optique iroroshye, kandi ntabwo ikubiyemo guhindura ibikoresho. Gusa ibikoresho byo kuzamura software birakenewe. Ibikoresho byibyuma bigurwa rimwe kandi bigakoreshwa igihe kirekire, bitanga umusingi wa fibre optique yinjira murugo kandi ikemeza ishoramari ryabakoresha.
