Saka, nei kukurumidza kwekufambisa kwefiber-optic kutaurirana nekukurumidza? Chii chinonzi fiber communication? Ndezvipi zvakanakira nekukanganisa kwayo zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe nzira dzekutaurirana? Munzvimbo dzipi tekinoroji iri kushandiswa parizvino?
Kutumira ruzivo nechiedza mufiberglass.
Se network ine waya, fiber-optic kutaurirana haigone kusangana nezvinodiwa zvenharembozha. Muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva, kutaurirana kwedu kwefoni kunoshandisa mawaya asina waya, uye kuvapo kwekukurukurirana kwemaziso hakuratidzi kusimba.
“Asi chaizvoizvo, zvinopfuura 90% zvemashoko zvinoparidzirwa kuburikidza nefiber optics.Nharembozha yakabatanidzwa kune base station kuburikidza ne wireless network, uye kutumirwa kwezviratidzo pakati pezviteshi zvepasi zvakanyanya kunobva pane optical fiber."Iye Zhixue, mutevedzeri wemukuru weOptical System Research Office yeState Key Laboratory yeOptical Fiber Communication Network Technology, akadaro muhurukuro neScience and Technology Daily.
Optical fiber is a optical fiber iyo yakatetepa sebvudzi, inogona kuvigwa yakananga, pamusoro, kana kuiswa pasi pegungwa.Nekuda kwehuremu hwayo, kurerukirwa, uye kudhura kwayo kugadzira zvigadzirwa, pakupedzisira yakatsiva tambo yakakura. senzira huru yekutapura masaini.
Kuzvitaura zviri nyore, optical fiber communication ndiyo yakajairika application ye optical communication, senge teresikopu traffic lights, etc., vanoshandisa mhepo kuparadzira chiedza chinooneka, ndechekuona kufambiswa kwemaziso kutaurirana ndiko kushandiswa kwegirazi fiber muchiedza. kutapurirana mashoko.
Mumwe muongorori wezvekufambiswa kwemaziso akaudza sci-tech zuva nezuva kuti masaini emaziso anoora zvishoma panguva yekufambisa pane zviratidzo zvemagetsi. Akatsanangura kuti, semuenzaniso, chiratidzo che optical chinoora kubva ku1 kusvika ku0,99 mushure memakiromita zana, nepo chiratidzo chemagetsi chinoora kubva 1 kusvika 0.5 mushure me1 kiromita chete.
Kubva pamaonero emusimboti, izvo zvakakosha zvinhu zvinoumba iyo optical fiber kutaurirana ndeye optical fiber light source uye optical detector.
Huru hukuru uye kureba-kure-kutapurirana kugona
Sekureva kwemishumo, iyo yekupedzisira nzira yefiber-optic Broadband yekuwana ndeye fiber-to-the-imba, kureva, kubatanidza zvakananga fiber kunzvimbo inodiwa nemushandisi, kuitira kuti iwane ruzivo rwakakura nekushandisa fiber.
"Iyo isina waya yekutaurirana nzira inokanganiswa nekukanganiswa kwemagetsi, uye nzira yekufambisa tambo inodhura kuisa. Kusiyana neizvi, optical fiber communication ine zvakanakira kugona kwakakura, kugona kutapurirana kure-kure, kuvanzika kwakanaka, uye kuchinjika kwakasimba. Uyezve, iyo fiber idiki muhukuru uye iri nyore kushandisa. Kuvaka uye kugadzirisa, mitengo yezvigadzirwa zvakare yakaderera. " Iye Zhixue akadaro.
Kunyangwe kutaurirana kwefiber-optic kune zvakanakira zviri pamusoro, bhodhi rayo pfupi harigone kufuratirwa. Semuenzaniso, iyo fiber ine brittle uye nyore kuputsika. Mukuwedzera, kucheka kana kusungirirwa kwefiber kunoda kushandiswa kwechimwe chigadzirwa. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti kuvakwa kwemadhorobha kana njodzi dzinongoitika dzoga dzinogona kukonzera kutadza kwefiber line.
Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, kuzadzikiswa kweiyo optical fiber kutapurirana kunonyanya kuenderana neoptical transmitting end muchina uye optical inogamuchira yekupedzisira muchina. Iyo optical transmitting end mudziyo inogona kunyatso gadzirisa uye kushandura iyo electro-optical chiratidzo, nekudaro ichishandura chiratidzo chemagetsi kuita chiratidzo chemaziso chinotakurwa nefiber optical. Mhedzisiro yekugamuchira yekuona inoita reverse kutendeuka uye inogonawo kuderedza chiratidzo chemagetsi.Kupera kwekugamuchira optical uye kuguma kwekutumira kwemaziso kunobatanidzwa nechibatanidza kune optical cable kuti uone kutumira, kutumira, kugamuchira uye kuratidzwa kwemashoko.
Inoenderana yepamusoro-yekupedzisira michina yekugadzira inotsamira pane kunze kwenyika
Anowanzo shandiswa optical fibers anonyanya kujaira single-modhi optical fibers. Mune dzidziso, iyo yekumhanyisa ruzivo rwekumhanyisa panguva yeyuniti inenge 140 Tbit / s. Kana kumhanya kwekufambisa ruzivo kukasvika padanho iri, zvinokonzeresa kuwanda kweruzivo. Single mode faibha kazhinji kacho fiber inogona kungoendesa imwe modhi.
Parizvino, yakajairwa single-mode optical fiber communication ndiyo imwe yenzira dzekutaurirana dzinowanzoshandiswa nevashandisi. Iyo yekufambisa simba yeiyi modhi ndeye 16 Tbit / s, iyo isati yasvika iyo theoretical muganho kukosha. "Rekodhi nyowani ye1.06Pbit/s, iyo yakadhindwa pakutanga kwegore rino, imhedzisiro yekubudirira mune imwe-mode fiber-optic yekukurukurirana tekinoroji, asi kumhanya kwakadai kunonetsa kuwana mukushandiswa kwekutengesa munguva pfupi. nguva.” Iye Zhixue akadaro.
Nehunyanzvi, zvichienzaniswa ne-single-modhi, yakawanda-core fiber transmission mode ine mabhenefiti makuru mukuwana kukurumidza kukuru, asi iyi modhi ichiri kumberi, uye kumwe kufambira mberi kunodiwa muhukuru hunyanzvi, zvakakosha zvikamu, uye zvishandiso zvehardware. .
Mushure memakore mashanu kusvika gumi, pasi pekurudziro yezvinodiwa zvekushandisa, matekinoroji akakosha e1.06Pbit/s Ultra-hombe kugona single-mode multi-core optical fiber transmission system inogona kutanga kuiswa kune mamwe akakosha mascenario, akadai se transoceanic transmission uye zvimwe. nzvimbo huru yeData. Iye Zhixue akadaro.
Parizvino, tekinoroji yekuChina yekutaurirana inogona kukwikwidza nedanho repamusoro repasi rose, asi ichiri kutarisana nematambudziko mazhinji. Semuyenzaniso, hwaro hwemaindasitiri hwakakodzera husina kusimba, husina hunhu uye tekinoroji yekuzvimiririra, uye haina kukwana fiber optic mbishi zvinhu. "Parizvino, michina yemhando yepamusoro inodiwa kugadzira fiber zvinhu zvakaita sewaya kudhirowa uye mhepo yefiber inotsamira pane kubva kunze kwenyika." Iye Zhixue akadaro.
Panguva imwecheteyo, zvigadziriso zvepamusoro-soro uye machipisi ane hukama neoptical fiber communication zvinonyanya kudzorwa nenyika dzakabudirira dzakadai seUnited States neJapan.
Panyaya iyi, He Zhixue akakurudzira kuti zvakakosha kusimbaradza tsvakiridzo yedzidziso, kuita basa rakanaka rekugara kwenguva refu kwetekinoroji, kufanotaura mafambiro ekuvandudza tekinoroji, uye kusvetuka kubva muhunyanzvi iteration kutenderera kwe "kutevera". -kunonoka-kutevera-uye kumashure".
Pamusoro pezvo, Iye Zhixue akasimbisa kuti zvakakosha kuwedzera mari mukutsvaga nekusimudzira, dhizaini nekugadzirisa machipisi epamusoro-soro uye zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro, kukurudzira kufarira kwematarenda eR&D, uye kuisa pfungwa pakudzivirira zvakawanikwa zvepakutanga. "Kunyanya, isu tinofanirwa kuita dhizaini yepamusoro, kuwana synergy uye hunyanzvi muvashandi, zvivakwa, uye marongero, uye nekuvandudza kugona kwekutsigira maindasitiri anoenderana," akadaro.