Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvakasiyana zvevashandisi, marudzi akasiyana emasevhisi, uye kuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji pamatanho akasiyana, chimiro che optical fiber kutaurirana masisitimu anogona kuve akasiyana.
Parizvino, nhamba yakakura yemafomu ehurongwa anoshandiswa kune optical fiber dijitari yekutaurirana masisitimu ekusimba modulation / yakananga kuona (IM / DD). Iyo nheyo block diagram yeiyi system inoratidzwa muMufananidzo 1. Sezvinogona kuonekwa kubva pamufananidzo, optical fiber digital communication system inonyanya kuumbwa neoptical transmitter, optical fiber, uye optical receiver.
Mufananidzo 1 Schematic diagram ye optical fiber digital communication system
Mune iyo point-to-point optical fiber communication system, iyo chiratidzo chekufambisa nzira: iyo yekuisa chiratidzo inotumirwa kune optical transmitter terminal inoshandurwa kuita kodhi dhizaini yakakodzera kutapurirana mu optical fiber mushure mekushandurwa kwepateni, uye kusimba kwechiedza. sosi inofambiswa zvakananga nedhiraivha yedunhu Modulation, kuitira kuti iyo optical simba inobuda nemwenje sosi inoshanduka neinopinza chiratidzo chazvino, ndiko kuti, sosi yemwenje inopedzisa kutendeuka kwemagetsi / optical uye inotumira inowirirana optical simba chiratidzo kune optical fiber. for transmission; pamitsetse yehurongwa hwekutaurirana, ikozvino, single-mode optical fiber Izvi zvinokonzerwa nemaitiro ayo ekufambisa ari nani; mushure mekunge chiratidzo chasvika kumagumo ekugamuchira, iyo yekuisa chiratidzo chiratidzo chinotanga kuonekwa zvakananga nephotodetector kuti ipedze optical / magetsi kutendeuka, uye yobva yawedzerwa, yakaenzana, uye kutongwa. Mutsara wekugadzirisa kuti udzorere kune yekutanga magetsi chiratidzo, nekudaro kupedzisa iyo yose nzira yekufambisa.
Kuti uve nechokwadi chehutano hwekutaurirana, inodzokorora yemaziso inofanirwa kupihwa pachinhambwe chakakodzera pakati pema transceivers. Kune mhando mbiri huru dzeanodzokorora optical mune optical fiber kutaurirana, imwe inodzokorora muchimiro chekuchinja-yemagetsi-optical kutendeuka, uye imwe ndeye optical amplifier inosimudzira zvakananga chiratidzo chemaziso.
Mune optical fiber kutaurirana masisitimu, izvo zvakakosha zvinotarisisa kureki chinhambwe kurasikirwa kwefiber optical uye yekufambisa bandwidth.
Kazhinji, kuderedzwa kwefiber pachiyero cheyuniti yekutapurirana mufiber inoshandiswa kumiririra kurasikirwa kwefiber, uye chikamu chayo dB / km. Parizvino, iyo inoshanda silica-based optical fiber ine kurasikirwa kweanenge 2 dB / km mu 0.8 kusvika 0.9 μm bhendi; kurasikirwa kwe5 dB / km pa 1.31 μm; uye pa 1.55 μm, kurasikirwa kunogona kuderedzwa kusvika 0.2 dB / km, iyo iri pedyo neTheoretical limit yeSiO2 fiber kurasikirwa. Pachivanhu, 0.85 μm inonzi pfupi-wavelength ye fiber optic communication; 1.31 μm uye 1.55 μm inonzi yakareba-wavelength ye optical fiber communication. Iwo matatu anoshanda akaderera-kurasikirwa anoshanda mahwindo mune optical fiber kutaurirana.
Mu digital optical fiber kutaurirana, ruzivo runofambiswa nekuvapo kana kusavapo kwezviratidzo zvemaziso mune imwe neimwe nguva slot. Naizvozvo, iyo relay kureba zvakare inoganhurwa neiyo fiber transmission bandwidth. Kazhinji, MHz.km inoshandiswa sechikamu chekutakura bandwidth payuniti urefu hwefiber. Kana bandwidth yeimwe faibha ikapihwa se100MHz.km, zvinoreva kuti chete 100MHz bandwidth masiginecha anotenderwa kufambiswa pakiromita imwe neimwe yefayibha. Iyo yakareba chinhambwe uye idiki yekufambisa bandwidth, idiki iyo yekutaurirana kugona.