Nekuvandudzwa kwemaguta emazuva ano kuenda kumabasa akawanda, marongerwo emaguta ari kuramba achiwedzera kuoma, uye kune mazana, mazana, kana kunyange zviuru zvenzvimbo dzekutarisa pasi. Kuve nechokwadi chekuti madhipatimendi anoshanda anogona kubata chaiyo-nguva, yakajeka uye yemhando yepamusoro mifananidzo yevhidhiyo nekukurumidza sezvinobvira, Simbisa kunetsa kwe fiber optic zviwanikwa. Uyezve, mumabasa emudhorobha ari kuwedzera simba uye akaoma kunzwisisa, kuisa zvakare tambo dzefiber-optic hakungodhure chete, asi kuwirirana pakati pemapato ese kwakatonyanya kuoma. Tichifunga nezveizvi, nzira yekugadzirisa matambudziko ari pamusoro apa?
Muchokwadi, dambudziko rimwechete rakasangana mukuvakwa kweFTTH (Fiber to the Home) nevashandisi venhare. Kuti ugadzirise dambudziko iri, ipai kutamba kwakazara kune bandwidth zvakanakira optical fiber, kugadzirisa kushomeka kweiyo optical fiber zviwanikwa, uye kugadzirisa kuvimbika kwetiweki, vafambisi venhare vakasarudza PON (passive optical network) tekinoroji. Iyi tekinoroji inogona zvakare kuiswa kune yekuchengetedza network yekutarisa.
PON (PassiveOpticalNetwork) is a passive optical network. A passive optical network inosanganisira optical line terminal (OLT) yakaiswa muchiteshi chepakati chekutonga, uye seti yeinofananidzira optical network units (ONU) yakaiswa munzvimbo yevashandisi. Iyo optical distribution network (ODN) pakati peOLTuye iyo ONU ine optical fibers uye passive optical splitters kana couplers.
Iyo passive optical network haina chero inoshanda zvishandiso kubva pakati kuenda kune inogara network. Pane kudaro, iyo passive optical zvishandiso inoiswa munetiweki uye iyo inofambiswa traffic inotungamirwa nekuparadzanisa simba reiyo optical wavelength munzira yese. Kutsiva uku kunobvisa kudiwa kwevashandisi kupa nekuchengetedza midziyo inoshanda mune yekutumira loop, iyo inochengetedza zvakanyanya mutengo wevashandisi. Passive optical splitters uye macouplers anongotamba basa rekufambisa uye kudzikamisa mwenje, haadi magetsi uye kugadzirisa ruzivo, uye ane isina kuganhurirwa yenguva pakati pekutadza, izvo zvinogona kuderedza mari yekuchengetedza munzira yekutenderera.
Zvakanakira zvePON tekinoroji zvinonyanya kuratidzwa mune zvinotevera zvinhu:
1. Optical fiber access network ndiyo yakanyanya kufanirwa kugadzirisa mune ramangwana, kunyanya PON tekinoroji yakaratidza kuti inzira inodhura zvakanyanya mune yazvino yakasanganiswa Broadband kuwana.
2. Nekuda kwekushandiswa kwePON tekinoroji, iyo yose optical kugovera network inofamba, uye passive optical network idiki muhukuru uye iri nyore mumidziyo. Kuenzaniswa nemhangura tambo network, PON inogona kuderedza kugadzirisa uye mutengo wekushandisa, uye kudzivirira zvachose kukanganiswa kwemagetsi uye kukanganiswa kwemheni.
3. ChiratidzoONU(optical network unit) yePON haidi magetsi, ayo asingangobvisi matambudziko akawanda emagetsi, asiwo ane kuvimbika zviri nani pane midziyo inoshanda.
4. Nemhaka yokuti zvinyorwa zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa uye optical fiber transmission medium inogoverwa, mari yekudyara yeyose optical network yakaderera.
5. PON iri pachena kune nzira yekufambisa inoshandiswa kune imwe nzvimbo, uye zviri nyore kuvandudza.
PON tekinoroji yave sarudzo yekutanga yeindasitiri yefiber-to-the-imba (FTTH). PON tekinoroji inoshandisa point-to-multipoint topology, uye downlink uye uplink inotumira data kuburikidza neTDM neTDMA zvakateerana. Chinhambwe pakati peOLT neiyoONUinogona kusvika 20km, mwero wekutapurirana ndeye bidirectional symmetrical 1Gbps, uye iyo yakanyanya kupatsanura reshiyo inowanzo tsigira 1:32 kana kupfuura. Inogona kupatsanurwa mune imwe nhanho kana akawanda splitters mu cascade.
Iko kushandiswa kwePON tekinoroji inogona kunyatso kugadzirisa network yekutarisa bandwidth uye kuremerwa kure. TheOLTmidziyo iri parutivi rwehofisi inoiswa mukamuri yehofisi parutivi rwehofisi. Multi-level optical splitting inoshandiswa kuona inochinjika kutumirwa kwemapoinzi. TheONU+ network kamera inoshandiswa seyekupedzisira musanganiswa. TheONUinogona kuva PoEchinjanePON basa. Kukamuri yekutarisisa yemutengi uye sevha yekuchengetera. Inogona kutariswa mukamuri yekutarisisa munguva chaiyo, uye vhidhiyo data inotumirwa kune yekuchengetedza server panguva imwe chete, iyo inofambisa kuunganidzwa kweuchapupu mushure mechokwadi.
Nhasi, "kufambira mberi kwemaziso uye kubviswa kwemhangura", kushandiswa kwakapararira kwePON teknolojia inonyanya kukosha. Fengrunda yakatangaOLTuyeONUmidziyo, pamwe nekutsigira PON chengetedzo mhinduro, uye kutanga yakatanga PoEchinjanePON basa, iro rakagadzira gap reONUpasina PoE mumusika wazvino. Iyo iri kure vhidhiyo yekutarisa sisitimu ichishandisa PON tekinoroji inogadzirisa zvine musoro matambudziko enzvimbo dzakaomarara uye dzakaomarara dzekutarisa uye yakasimba fiber zviwanikwa mumaguta azvino. Iyo ine mabhenefiti asingaenzaniswi mune akawanda maficha akadai setiweki kumisikidzwa, fiber zviwanikwa, mhando yevhidhiyo, uye kuvimbika. Iko kuvandudza kwekutengesa kure vhidhiyo yekutarisa masevhisi inopa yakanakisa network mhinduro.