1.optical fiber core structure
1) Core: high refractive index, inoshandiswa kutumira chiedza;
2) Kuvhara: yakaderera refractive index, ichigadzira iyo yakazara ratidziro mamiriro neiyo yakakosha;
3) Chengetedzo yekudzivirira: inodzivirira iyo optical fiber.
2.Single-mode uye multi-mode
Nzira imwe chete yechiedza inogona kufambiswa. Naizvozvo, kupararira kwayo kwepakati-modhi idiki uye inokodzera kutaurirana kure, asi kune zvakare kuparadzirwa kwezvinhu uye waveguide dispersion. Nenzira iyi, single-mode fiber ine yakakwirira zvinodiwa pahupamhi hwe spectral uye kugadzikana kwechiedza sosi, ndiko kuti, hupamhi hwekutarisa hunofanirwa kuve hwakamanikana uye kugadzikana Zvirinani. Single-modhi faibha ine zero yakazara dispersion.
Inogona kufambisa nzira dzakawanda dzemwenje. Nekudaro, yayo yepakati-modhi dispersion yakakura, iyo inodzikamisa kuwanda kwekutumira masaini edhijitari, uye inozonyanya kukomba nekuwedzera chinhambwe. Multi-modhi faibha yekufambisa kureba ipfupi, kazhinji makiromita mashoma.
Single-mode midziyo inowanzo mhanya pane imwe-modhi faibha kana akawanda-modhi faibha, nepo akawanda-modhi midziyo inogumira pakumhanya pa-multi-mode fiber.