Optical fiber is flexible transparent fiber yakagadzirwa neextrud glass or plastic, iyo yakakora zvishoma kudarika bvudzi remunhu. Optical fiber ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa nzira yekufambisa mwenje kumativi ese ari maviri, uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu optical fiber communication. Optical fiber ine kureba kwekufambisa chinhambwe uye yakakwirira bandwidth kupfuura waya waya. Optical fiber kazhinji ine yakaderera-refractive-index transparent core uye inoonekera cladding zvinhu. Iyo optical fiber inoshanda semwenje wave conductor, iyo inokonzeresa kuratidzwa kwechiedza mukati me fiber core.
Kazhinji, kune marudzi maviri emafiber optical: ayo anotsigira nzira dzakawanda dzekuparadzira kana nzira dzakachinjika dzinodaidzwa kuti multimode fibers (MMF), uye idzo dzinotsigira imwe modhi dzinonzi single mode fibers (SMF). Asi chii chakasiyana pakati pavo? Kuverenga chinyorwa ichi kuchakubatsira kuwana mhinduro.
1. Chii chinonzi single-mode fiber?
Mune optical fiber communication, single-mode fiber (SMF) is optical fiber iyo inotumira zvakananga zviratidzo zvemaziso mune imwe lateral mode. Single-mode fiber inomhanya pachiyero chedata che100M / s kana 1 G / s, uye kureba kwekufambisa kunogona kusvika angangoita 5 makiromita. Kazhinji, single-mode fiber inoshandiswa kune kure kure kuendesa chiratidzo.
2. Chii chinonzi multimode fiber?
Multimode fiber (MMF) inonyanya kushandiswa kune pfupi-kure faibha kutaurirana, senge muzvivakwa kana makampasi. Typical transmission speed is 100M/s, transmission distance inogona kusvika 2km (100BASE-FX), 1 G/s inogona kusvika 1000m, 10 G/s inogona kusvika 550m. Kune marudzi maviri erefractive index: graded index uye step index.
3. Ndeupi musiyano pakati pe-single-mode uye multimode fiber?
1. Kore dhayamita
Musiyano mukuru pakati pemultimode uye single-mode fiber ndeyekuti yekutanga ine dhayamita yakakura, kazhinji dhayamita yepakati ye50 kana 62.5 µm, nepo imwe chete-modhi fiber ine dhayamita yepakati ye8 uye 10 µm, iyo pasuru yezvose. Iwo madhayamita e layer ndeye 125µm.
2. Chitubu chechiedza
Kazhinji laser uye LED zvinoshandiswa semwenje masosi. Laser light sources anodhura zvakanyanya kupfuura LED light sources nekuti mwenje wainoburitsa unogona kudzorwa nemazvo uye une simba rakawanda. Chiedza chinogadzirwa nemagetsi e LED chinowedzera kuparadzirwa (mazhinji modes echiedza), uye aya magwenzi emwenje anonyanya kushandiswa mu multimode fiber jumpers. Panguva imwecheteyo, iyo laser light source (iyo inoburitsa mwenje padyo neimwe modhi) inowanzo shandiswa kune imwe-modhi fiber jumpers.
3. Bandwidth
Nekuti multimode fiber ine yakakura musimboti saizi pane imwechete mode fiber, inotsigira akawanda ekutapurirana modhi. Mukuwedzera, kufanana ne-multimode fibers, single-mode fibers inoratidzawo modal dispersion inokonzerwa nemaitiro akawanda emamiriro ezvinhu, asi modal dispersion ye single-mode fibers ishoma pane multimode fibers. Nezvikonzero izvi, single-mode fiber ine yakakwira bandwidth kupfuura multimode fiber.
4. Sheath color
Muvara wejasi dzimwe nguva unoshandiswa kusiyanisa multimode fiber jumpers kubva kune multimode fiber jumpers. Zvinoenderana neiyo TIA-598C yakajairwa tsananguro, kune zvisiri zvechiuto, single-mode optical fibers inoshandisa yero yekunze bhachi, uye akawanda-modhi optical fibers anoshandisa orenji kana aqua-girini bhachi rekunze. Zvinoenderana nemhando dzakasiyana, vamwe vanogadzira vanoshandisa yepepuru kusiyanisa yakakwira-inoshanda OM4 fiber kubva kune mamwe marudzi efiber.
5. Modal dispersion
LED mwenje masosi dzimwe nguva anoshandiswa mu multimode faibha kugadzira nhevedzano yewavelengths inopararira nekumhanya kwakasiyana. Izvi zvinozoguma nekupararira kwe-multi-modal, izvo zvinodzikamisa kureba kwekufambisa kwema-multi-mode fiber jumpers. Mukupesana, iyo laser inoshandiswa kutyaira imwe-modhi faibha inoburitsa imwechete wavelength yechiedza. Naizvozvo, kupararira kwayo modal idiki zvakanyanya pane multimode fiber. Nekuda kwemodal dispersion, multimode fiber ine yakakwira pulse kuwedzera mwero kupfuura single mode fiber, iyo inodzikamisa ruzivo rwekufambisa ruzivo rwemultimode fiber.
6. Mutengo
Kune multimode fiber inogona kutsigira akawanda optical modes, mutengo wayo wakakwira kupfuura single mode fiber. Asi maererano nemidziyo, sezvo single-mode fiber inowanzo shandisa solid-state laser diodes, midziyo ye single-mode fiber inodhura kupfuura midziyo ye multimode fiber. Naizvozvo, mutengo wekushandisa multimode faibha ishoma pane mutengo wekushandisa singlemode fiber.
4. Ndeupi rudzi rwefiber inofanira kusarudzwa?
Tarisa kureba kwekufambisa kwakavharwa uye bhajeti rese. Kana chinhambwe chiri pasi pemamaira mashoma, multimode fiber ichashanda zvakanaka, uye mutengo weiyo transmitter system (transmitter uye receiver) ichabva pa3300 yuan kusvika 5300 yuan. Kana chinhambwe chakavharwa chichipfuura 6-10 makiromita, faibha imwe-modhi inofanirwa kusarudzwa, asi nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemutengo we laser diodes, mutengo weiyo transmission system inowanzopfuura 6700 yuan.