Anteenadu waxay u beddeshaa calaamadaha korantada ee ay aaladaha u gudbiyaan hirarka korantada ee gudbinta. Guud ahaan, anteenooyinku waxay leeyihiin shaqada gudbinta iyo helitaanka, laakiin xaalado gaar ah, waxay qabtaan oo kaliya shaqada helitaanka. (sida anteenada baahinta)
Qeexida anteenadu waa aalad si wax ku ool ah u soo saari karta hirarka korantada ee jihada meel bannaan ama heli kara hirarka korantada ee jihada bannaan.
Shaqada anteenadu waa in ay gudbiso ama hesho mowjadaha elektromagnetic-ka, iyada oo sidoo kale leh hawlaha aasaasiga ah ee soo socda:
1. Anteenadu waa inay awood u yeelataa inay u beddesho tamarta hirarka la hagayo ee suurtogalka ah una beddelo tamarta hirarka korantada. Tani marka hore waxay u baahan tahay anteenadu inay noqoto nidaam furan oo elektromagnetic ah, marka labaadna waxay u baahan tahay anteenadu inay la mid noqoto gudbiyaha ama qaataha.
2. Anteenadu waa in ay xoogga saarto hirarka elektromagnetic inta ugu badan ee suurtogalka ah jiho gaar ah, ama ay sare u qaaddo aqbalaadda mawjadaha soo socda ee jiho gaar ah, taas oo ah, jihada waa in ay leedahay jihada.
3. Anteenadu waa inay awood u leedahay inay gudbiso ama hesho mowjadaha elektromagneticiga ah ee leh polarization cayiman, taas oo ah, anteenadu waxay leedahay polarization habboon.
4. Anteenadu waa inay lahaataa xadhkaha soo noqnoqda ee hawlgalka oo ku filan.
Mabda'a anteenada: Anteenadu waxay gudbisaa hirarka korantada, iyo mabda'a abuuritaanka hirarka korantada:
Marka loo eego aragtida goobta korantada ee Maxwell, bedka korontadu waxa ay dhalisaa goob birlabeed ah oo beddesha meelaha ku xeeran, goobta ku wareegsan ee beddeshana waxa ay dhalisaa bed koronto. Sidan oo kale, goobta koronto ee isbedesha iyo goobta magnet-ka ee isbedbedesha waa kuwo isku xiran, wada xiiseeya, beddelkoodana abuurma, oo meel ka baxsan xawli cayiman oo u dhow ilaa fog.
Badeecadahayada iibinta ugu badan waxay daboolayaan noocyo kala duwanONUalaabooyin taxane ah, oo ay ku jiraan ACONU/xidhiidhkaONU/ indheergaradONU/sanduuqaONUiwm. DhammaantoodONUAlaabooyinka taxanaha ah waxaa loo isticmaali karaa baahiyaha shabakada xaalado kala duwan.
