Ka indasteri ea puisano ea optical, optical modules ke tsona tse pepesehileng ka ho fetisisa. Li na le boholo bo fapaneng ba 'mele,' me palo ea likanale le litekanyetso tsa phetisetso li fapana haholo. Li-module tsena li hlahisoa joang, litšoaneleho tsa tsona ke life, 'me liphiri tsohle li maemong.
Litekanyetso tsa khale tsa ho paka tse kang GBIC, XPAK, X2, le Xenpak li tla hlokomolohuoa, 'me matla a mantlha a tla lebisoa ho litekanyetso tse matla kapa tse ncha, tse tla hlahlojoa ka bonngoe ka tlase.
SFF Standardization Organisation: The SFF (small form-factor small package) mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng o thehiloe ka Phato 1990. E qalile e ntlafalitse li-disk tsa 2.5-inch mme ea atolosetsoa mafapheng a mang ka Pulungoana 1992. Ho fihlela joale, SFF e se e le eona e atileng haholo ebile e atlehile. maemo a module tšimong ea optical module packaging. Litekanyetso tsa optical module tse hlophisitsoeng ke SFF haholo-holo li kenyelletsa SFP / QSFP / XFP.
SFP e tloaelehileng
SFP (e nyenyane ea sebopeho-factor Pluggable), lelapa la li-transceivers tse nyenyane tse khonang ho kenngoa, haholo-holo tse sebelisetsoang Ethernet, fiber channel, Wireless CPRI, SONET: e hlalosa sephutheloana se le seng sa SFP ho tloha 1Gb / s ho 28Gb / s se lokelang ho ba. e lumellana le Standard, sebopeho sa eona se bontšoa setšoantšong se ka tlase. Pele ho ne ho e-na le tokomane e phatlalatsang, joalo ka SFF-8402 e reriloeng SFP28, SFF-8083 e reriloeng SFP10 (nomoro e qetellong e emela sekhahla sa phetisetso, SFP10 hangata e ngotsoe joalo ka SFP + hona joale), tokomane ena ea phatlalatso e boletse hore na ke litlhoko life tsa tekheniki eo e e hlokang. qotsitsoeng Litlhoko tsena tsa tekheniki tse boletsoeng ka kopanelo li etsa maemo a bohlokoa a mojule ona.
Litlhaloso tsa tekheniki tsa SFP haholo-holo li kenyelletsa:
SFF-8432, e hlalosa boholo ba mojule (haholo-holo boholo ba ho kenya), matla a plugging, le litlhaloso tsa cage ea module.
SFF-8071 e hlalosa sehokelo sa karete ea karete ho board ea mama ea HOST le tatellano ea phihlello ea menoana ea khauta ea board ea mama.
SFF-8433, e hlalosa li-module cage tse ngata tse lehlakoreng le leng le litlhaloso tsa tekheniki tsa EMI shrapnel.
SFF-8472, e hlalosa mohopolo oa module le litlhaloso tsa taolo ea tlhahlobo.
SFF-8431 e hlalosa phepelo ea motlakase, mats'oao a motlakase a lebelo le tlase (mehala ea puisano), matšoao a lebelo le phahameng, nako, le lintlha tsa ho bala le ho ngola mohopolo.
Hobane sekhahla sa ts'ehetso sa SFP se ntse se phahama le ho feta, litlhaloso tsa mats'oao a lebelo le holimo ho SFF8431 ha li sebetse ho SFP16 / 28, kahoo SFF-8431 e ile ea aroloa hamorao ho SFF-8418 le SFF-8419. SFF-8418 e hlalosa ka ho hlaka litlhoko tsa sebopeho sa mats'oao a motlakase a lebelo le phahameng la 10Gb / s. Bakeng sa litlhoko tsa sebopeho sa 'mele ka holimo ho 10Gb / s, sheba Fiber Channel. SFF-8419 e hlalosa ka ho hlaka litaba tse ling ntle le matšoao a lebelo le phahameng ho SFF-8431, tse loketseng li-module tsohle tsa SFP.
Ka hona, lienjineri tsa meralo ea mojule oa SFP li tlameha ho tloaelana le SFP-8431. Haeba u motho ea qapang li-PCB, ea ngolang software, kapa ea etsang liteko, SFF-8472, SFF-8418, le SFF-8419 e tlameha ho e tseba.
QSFP e tloaelehileng
QSFP (Quad Small Form-factor Pluggable), transceiver ea miniaturized plugable ea mechine e mene, e sebelisoang haholo ho Infiniband, Ethernet, Fiber Channel, OTN, lelapa la protocol ea SONET: QSFP e ntlafatsa mocha o le mong oa SFP ho likanale tse 'nè tse nang le molumo oa eona feela. e feta habeli. Bakeng sa boholo bo lekanangswitjha, matla a ho fetola QSFP ke makhetlo a 2.67 a SFP. Protocol ea QSFP qalong e ne e hlalosoa ke INF-8438i, ebe e ntlafatsoa ho SFF-8436,
'me joale SFF-8436 e arotsoe likarolo tse' maloa bakeng sa tlhaloso le boitsebiso. Meaho e se e tšoana le SFP:
Litlhaloso tsa tekheniki tsa QSFP haholo-holo li kenyelletsa:
SFF-8679, e hlalosa lets'oao le lebelo le phahameng, lets'oao le lebelo le tlase, phepelo ea motlakase, lintlha tsa nako ea module, 'me e hlalosa sebopeho sa optical le litlhaloso tsa mebala ea selikalikoe.
SFF-8636, e hlalosa tlhahisoleseling ea memori, ts'ebetso ea ho bala le ho ngola mohopolo.
SFF-8661, e hlalosa boholo ba mojule, boholo ba monoana oa khauta le tlhaloso ea matla a ho kenya le ho tlosa mojule.
SFF-8662 le SFF-8663 li hlalosa cage le sehokelo (mofuta oa A) oa mojule oa QSFP28.
SFF-8672 le SFF-8683 li hlalosa li-cages le li-connectors (mofuta oa B) oa mojule oa QSFP28.
SFF-8682 le SFF-8683 li hlalosa li-cages le li-connectors tsa QSFP14 le li-module tse ka tlaase ho tekanyo.
Lintlha tse ling tsa tlatsetso bakeng sa QSFP li ka bonoa ho protocol ea Infiniband. (InfiniBand TM ArchitectureSpecification Volume)
XFP e tloaelehileng
XFP (10 Gb / s Small Form Factor Pluggable module, moo X e emelang 10 ka lipalo tsa Seroma 'me e sebelisoa haholo-holo bakeng sa SONET OC-192, 10 Gigabit Ethernet, le fiber channel) lelapa la protocol: XFP Ke mojule oa wavevelength tunable, eo qalong e ne e hlalosoa ke XFP MSA 'me hamorao ea romelloa mokhatlong oa SFF hore o phatlalatsoe. Protocol ea XFP e kenyelletsa SFF-8477 le INF-8077.
Protocol ea INF8077 e hlalosa boholo, sebopeho sa motlakase, tlhahisoleseding ea mohopolo, taolo ea puisano le tlhahlobo ea module ea XFP (protocol e kenyelletsa likarolo tsohle tsa module). SFF-8477 e ntlafalitsoe haholo-holo bakeng sa taolo ea tokiso ea maqhubu.
CXP Standard
CXP (12x Small Form-factor Pluggable, 12-channel small pluggable package, moo C e emelang 100G, haholo-holo e sebelisetsoang Infiniband, fiber channel, Ethernet) protocol e laoloa haholo ke mokhatlo oa Infiniband.
Annex A6 120 Gb / s 12x Small Form-factor pluggable (CXP) InterfaceSpecification for Cables, Active Cable & Transceivers e fana ka likarolo tsohle tsa litlhaloso tsa CXP (e ka kopitsoa mahala ho www.infinibandta.org). Ho feta moo, mokhatlo oa SFF o laola li-cage tsa thebe le li-slots tsa likarete bakeng sa li-CXP tsa limaraka tse fapaneng tsa lebelo.
SFF-8617 Mini Multilane 12X Shielded Cage / Connector 12 channel CXP cage le module board slot specification.
SFF-8642 EIA-965 Mini Multilane 10 Gb / s 12X Shielded Cage / Connector (CXP10) 12x10Gb / s CXP module cage le module board slot specifications.
SFF-8647 Mini Multilane 14 Gb / s 12X Shielded Cage / Connector (CXP14) 12x14Gb / s CXP module cage le lintlha tsa slot board module.
SFF-8648 Mini Multilane 28 Gb / s 12X Shielded Cage / Connector (CXP28) 12x28Gb / s CXP module cage le lintlha tsa slot board module.
microQSFP (miniaturized QSFP), protocol e nang le likarolo tse ngata e thehiloeng ka 2015, ke liteishene tsa 4 tse kang QSFP, empa boholo ke boholo ba module ea SFP feela, 'me e tšehetsa litekanyetso tsa mocha oa 25G le 50G (PAM4 modulation). Ka moralo oa mapheo a ho qhala mocheso holim'a ntlo ea module, e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ea mocheso. "Micro QUAD SMALL FORM-FACTOR PLUGGABLE FOUR CHANNEL PLUGGABLE TRANSCEIVER, HOST CONNECTOR, & CAGE ASSEMBLY FORM FACTOR" e qaqisa lintlha tse nyane tsa QSFP.
Sephutheloana sa CFP
Ntle le liphutheloana tsa SFP le QSFP, CFP e lokela ho ba mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ho kenya liphutheloana tsa optical modules. C ho CFP e emela 100 ka nako ea palo ea Roma, kahoo CFP e lebisitsoe haholo-holo ho likopo tse nang le tekanyo ea 100G (ho kenyeletsoa 40G) le holimo.
Lelapa la CFP haholo-holo le kenyelletsa CFP / CFP2 / CFP4 / CFP8, eo CFP8 e ntseng e le sethaleng sa tlhahiso.
Ho fapana le linomoro tse eketsehileng tsa 10 le 28 ka mor'a QSFP, tse emelang lebelo la lebelo, lipalo tse ka morao ho CFP li emela moloko o mocha, o nang le boholo bo bongata (ntle le CFP8) le boima bo phahameng.
Ha sephutheloana sa CFP se ne se hlahisoa ka lekhetlo la pele, ho ne ho le thata ho finyella tekanyo e le 'ngoe ea 25Gb / s, kahoo tekanyo ea motlakase ea CFP ka' ngoe e ne e hlalosoa e le boemo ba 10Gb / s, 'me 40G le 40G li fihletsoe ka 4x10Gb / s le 10x10Gb. / s likhokahano tsa motlakase. 100G lebelo la module. Boholo ba mochine oa CFP bo boholo hoo bo ka kenyang mesebetsi e mengata holim'a lebokose la li-motherboard ho ea ho tlatsa [ASIC (SerDes)]. Ha lebelo la tsela e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea optical e sa tsamaisane le lebelo la potoloho, o ka tlatsa phetoho ea sekhahla ka lipotoloho tsena (Gear box) Ka mohlala, optical port 4X25Gb / s e fetoloa boema-kepe ba motlakase 10x10Gb / s.
Boholo ba CFP2 ke halofo feela ea CFP. Sebopeho sa motlakase se ka tšehetsa 10Gb / s e le 'ngoe, kapa 25Gb / s e le' ngoe kapa esita le 50Gb / s. Ka mekhoa ea motlakase ea 10x10G, 4x25G, 8x25G, le 8x50G ea motlakase, litekanyetso tsa 100G / 200G / 400G li ka finyelloa.
Boholo ba CFP4 bo theohile ho halofo ea CFP2. Sebopeho sa motlakase se tšehetsa 10Gb / s le 25Gb / s e le 'ngoe,' me lebelo la module ea 40G / 100G le finyelloa ka 4x10Gb / s le 4x25Gb / s. Li-module tsa CFP4 le QSFP li tšoana haholo, ka bobeli li na le litsela tse 'nè,' me ka bobeli li tšehetsa 40G le 100G; phapang ke hore li-module tsa CFP4 li na le mesebetsi e matla ea tsamaiso le boholo bo boholo (sena ke mofoka bakeng sa puisano ea data e phahameng), 'me e ka tšehetsa mesebetsi e meholo. Tšebeliso ea matla, bakeng sa limaraka tsa lebelo ka holimo ho 25Gb / s le maemo a phetisetso ea nako e telele (e hloka taolo ea mocheso oa TEC, matla a maholo a sebelisoang), melemo ea li-modules tsa CFP4 ho sebelisoa matla le ho senya mocheso ho ka bonahala.
Ka hona, puisano ea data ea nako e khutšoanyane ha e le hantle ke lefats'e la QSFP; bakeng sa lisebelisoa tsa 100G-LR4 10km, CFP4 le QSFP28 li arotsoe ka ho lekana.
Litekanyetso tsa malapa a CFP li bontšoa setšoantšong se latelang: tekanyo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e na le lifaele tsa 3, tseo "CFPx MSA Hardware Specification Revision" e leng faele ea lenaneo, e hlalosang ka bokhutšoanyane mohopolo oa module, tsamaiso ea module, motlakase oa motlakase, boholo ba mochine, sebopeho sa optical, cheat Slots le lintlha tse ling, litokomane tse ling tse peli li hlalosa litekanyo tse qaqileng tsa mochini.
CFP MSA e boetse e na le litlhaloso tse peli tsa sechaba tsa tekheniki, PIN Allocation REV.25 e totobatsa tlhaloso ea mojule pin, 'me "CFP MSA Management Interface Specification" e hlalosa taolo ea mojule oa taolo le tlhahisoleseding ea ngoliso ka botlalo.
Sebopeho sa motlakase se lebelo le phahameng sa mojule oa CFP se ipapisitse le ts'ebeliso, 'me se supa CAUI, XLAUI, le CEI-28G / 56G lintlha tsa sebopeho sa motlakase ho IEEE802.3.
CFP8 ke sephutheloana se hlahisitsoeng ka ho khetheha bakeng sa 400G, 'me boholo ba sona bo lekana le CFP2. Sebopeho sa motlakase se tšehetsa lebelo la mocha oa 25Gb / s le 50Gb / s, 'me se finyella lebelo la module ea 400G ka 16x25G kapa 8 × 50 li-interfaces tsa motlakase. CFP8 ke Tlhahiso feela, ha ho na maemo a molao a ho jarolla sechaba.
CDFP MSA e thehiloe ka 2013, 'me litekanyetso tsa ho paka tsa CDFP tseo ba li lokolotseng e ne e le tekanyetso ea pele ea 400G optical module packaging. Ka nako eo, maemo a sebopeho sa motlakase e ne e le 25Gb / s feela (OIF-CEI-28G-VSR), ka hona CDFP e ile ea etsa liteishene tse 16, mme ea phethela sekhahla sa module ea 400G ka 16x25G, mme e ne e tobisitsoe ka ho khetheha bakeng sa nako e khuts'oane. lisebelisoa tse fapaneng ka tlase ho 2km.
Haeba likou tsa motlakase tsa litsela tse 16 li hlophisitsoe ka tatellano, molumo o tla ba moholo haholo, kahoo mojule oa CDFP o ile oa kopanya liboto tse peli tsa PCB 'me oa sebelisa sebopeho sa MPO16 boema-kepeng ba mahlo. Mojule kaofela o shebahala o nonne haholo! Ho ea ka tlhophiso ea likou tsa optical le tsa motlakase, ho na le boholo ba li-module tse tharo ka kakaretso.
Boemo ba morao-rao ba CDFP ke: "400 Gb / s (16 X 25 GB / s) PLUGGABLE TRANSCEIVER Rev 3.0 ″ e hlalosang sebopeho sa motlakase, sebopeho sa tsamaiso, sebopeho sa optical, module / slot / cage sa module ea CDFP, EMI / ESD litaba tse amanang. Kajeno, PAM4 e chesa haholo, ho hakanngoa hore sephutheloana sena se lekoa haholo.
Tekanyetso ea morao-rao ea ho paka e tšehetsang 400G e lokela ho ba QSFP-DD. Mokhatlo ona o thehiloe ka Hlakola 2016 mme o lokolotse maemo a morao-rao a "QSFP DOUBLE DENSITY 8X PLUGGABLE TRANSCEIVER Rev 1.0″ ka Loetse 2016. QSFP-DD e batla e lekana le QSFP (feela hobane ho na le mola o eketsehileng oa lipotoloho, hanyane hanyane. molelele). Phetoho ea mantlha ke ho habeli sebopeho sa motlakase sa QSFP ho tloha ho tse 'ne ho isa ho tse robeli le ho ts'ehetsa sekhahla sa 50Gb / s 8X50 ke 400G). Sebopeho sa motlakase sa QSFP-DD se lumellana le QSFP, empa eseng ka tsela e fapaneng.
Lipuisano tse ka holimo ke li-module tsa optical tsa 100G le 400G. Ha re shebeng CSFP e atamelehang. Leha maemo a morao-rao a CSFP e le "litlhaloso tsa Campact SFP" tse lokollotsoeng ka 2009, ha e so siuoe ke nako ho hang. Campact e bolela ho kopana ho feta SFP optical modules, 'me palo ea liteishene le eona e ka hlophisoa ka mokhoa o bonolo. CSFP e hlalosa mefuta e 3: 1CH campact SFP, 2CH campact SFP option1, le 2CH campact SFP option2.
Ho paka theknoloji e ntšo CFP2-ACO
Qetellong, a re shebeng theknoloji e tsoetseng pele ka ho fetisisa ea batho ba batšo maemong a ho paka a optical module: CFP2-ACO. E hlalosoa haholo ke OIF mme e supa boholo ba mochini oa CFP2. ACO e ka morao e bolela mojule oa optical oa analog. Haholo-holo e na le laser e tšesaane ea bophara ba mola, modulator, le moamoheli o momahaneng. DSP (tšebetso ea matshwao a dijithale) e behilwe kantle ho mojulu. Mojule ona oa makatsa. Ka theknoloji ea modulation ea DP-QPSK le DP-xQAM, sekhahla sa maqhubu a leqhubu a le mong se ka feta 100Gb / s habonolo, mme sebaka sa phetisetso se ka feta 2000km.