Ke, kutheni isantya sothumelo sonxibelelwano lwefiber-optic sikhawuleza kangaka? Yintoni unxibelelwano lwefiber? Ziziphi iingenelo kunye nokusilela kwayo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindlela zonxibelelwano? Kweziphi iindawo obu bugcisa busetyenziswa ngoku?
Ukudlulisa ulwazi ngokukhanya kwifiberglass.
Njengothungelwano lweengcingo, unxibelelwano lwefiber-optic alukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeselfowuni. Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, unxibelelwano lwethu lweselula lusebenzisa iinethiwekhi ezingenazintambo, kwaye ubukho bonxibelelwano lwe-optical alubonakali lunamandla.
“Kodwa ngokwenene, ngaphezu kwe-90% yolwazi ihanjiswa nge-fiber optics.Ifowuni ephathekayo ixhunyiwe kwisikhululo sesiseko ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi engenazintambo, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwezibonakaliso phakathi kwezikhululo zesiseko kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-fiber optical."U-He Zhixue, usekela-mlawuli we-Ofisi yoPhando lwe-Optical System ye-State Key Laboratory ye-Optical Fiber Communication Network Technology, uthe kudliwanondlebe kunye neSayensi kunye neTekhnoloji yemihla ngemihla.
I-Optical fiber yi-fiber optical fiber efana neenwele, inokungcwatywa ngokuthe ngqo, phezulu, okanye ibekwe phantsi kolwandle.Ngenxa yobunzima bayo, ukulungeleka, kunye neendleko eziphantsi zokuvelisa izinto eziluhlaza, ekugqibeleni ithathe indawo yentambo enkulu. njengomthombo wothumelo wesignali engundoqo.
Ukuyibeka ngokulula, unxibelelwano lwefiber optical sisicelo esiqhelekileyo sonxibelelwano olubonakalayo, olufana nezibane zendlela yeteleskopu, njl.njl., basebenzisa umoya wokusasaza ukukhanya okubonakalayo, ungowokusasazwa konxibelelwano olubonakalayo kusetyenziso lwefiber yeglasi ekukhanyeni. ulwazi losasazo.
Ugqirha wonxibelelwano uxelele i-sci-tech yonke imihla ukuba iisignali zamehlo zibola kancinci ngexesha lothumelo kunemiqondiso yombane. Wachaza ukuba, umzekelo, i-optical signal ibola ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-0.99 emva kweekhilomitha ezili-100, ngelixa isibonakaliso sombane sibola ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-0.5 emva kweekhilomitha ezili-1 kuphela.
Ukusuka kwimbono yomgaqo, izinto ezisisiseko zemathiriyeli ezenza unxibelelwano lwefiber optical ngumthombo wokukhanya wefiber optical kunye ne-optical detector.
Umthamo omkhulu kunye nokukwazi ukuhambisa umgama omde
Ngokweengxelo, eyona ndlela yokufikelela kwifiber-optic broadband yifiber-to-the-ekhaya, oko kukuthi, ukudibanisa ngqo ifayibha kwindawo efunwa ngumsebenzisi, ukuze ikwazi ukufumana isixa esikhulu solwazi ngokusebenzisa ifayibha.
"Indlela yonxibelelwano engenazingcingo isengozini yokuphazamiseka kwe-electromagnetic, kwaye indlela yokuhambisa intambo kubiza imali eninzi ukuyibeka. Ngokwahlukileyo, unxibelelwano lwefiber optical luneenzuzo zomthamo omkhulu, isakhono sothumelo lomgama omde, ubumfihlo obuhle, kunye nokuguquguquka okuqinileyo. Ngaphezu koko, i-fiber incinci ngobukhulu kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa, amaxabiso ezinto eziphathekayo nawo aphantsi ngokwentelekiso.” Watsho uZhixue.
Nangona unxibelelwano lwefiber-optic lunezibonelelo ezingentla, ibhodi yalo emfutshane ayinakuhoywa. Ngokomzekelo, i-fiber i-brittle kwaye iphuke ngokulula. Ukongezelela, ukusika okanye ukudibanisa kwefiber kufuna ukusetyenziswa kwesixhobo esithile. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ulwakhiwo lwasezidolophini okanye iintlekele zendalo zinokubangela ngokulula ukusilela komgca wefiber.
Kwizicelo ezisebenzayo, ukufezekiswa kokuhanjiswa kwefiber optical ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kumatshini wokuphela wokuhambisa optical kunye nomatshini wokuphela wokufumana optical. Isixhobo sokugqibela sokuhambisa i-optical sinokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye siguqule isignali ye-electro-optical, ngaloo ndlela siguqule isignali yombane kwisignali ye-optical eyenziwa yi-fiber optical. Isiphelo sokufumana i-optical senza ukuguqulwa kwe-reverse kwaye sinokuphinda sinciphise isignali yombane.Isiphelo sokufumana i-optical kunye ne-optical transmitting end idibaniswe yi-connector kwi-cable optical ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa, ukuhanjiswa, ukufumana kunye nokuboniswa kolwazi.
Izixhobo ezihambelanayo zokwenziwa kwezixhobo eziphezulu zixhomekeke ekuthengisweni kumazwe angaphandle
Iintsinga zamehlo ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziintsinga ezibonwayo zemowudi enye. Kwithiyori, isantya sokuhambisa ulwazi ngexesha leyunithi malunga ne-140 Tbit / s. Ukuba isantya sokudlulisa ulwazi sifikelela kulo mda, siya kubangela ukuxinana kolwazi. Ifayibha yemowudi enye idla ngokuba lusinga olunokuhambisa imowudi enye kuphela.
Okwangoku, unxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo lwe-fiber optical mode yenye yeendlela zonxibelelwano eziqhele ukusetyenziswa ngabaqhubi. Umthamo wothumelo lwale ndlela yi-16 Tbit / s, engekafikeleli kwixabiso lomda wethiyori. "Irekhodi entsha ye-1.06Pbit / s, eyashicilelwa ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, sisiphumo sokuphumelela kwitekhnoloji yonxibelelwano ye-fiber-optic yendlela enye, kodwa isantya esinjalo kunzima ukufikelela ekusetyenzisweni kwezorhwebo ngexesha elifutshane. ixesha.” Watsho uZhixue.
Ngokobuchwephesha, xa kuthelekiswa nemowudi enye, imowudi yokuhanjiswa kwefayibha emininzi ineenzuzo ezinkulu ekufezekiseni isantya esiphezulu, kodwa le mowudi isephambili, kwaye impumelelo eyongezelelweyo iyafuneka kubuchwephesha obuphambili, amacandelo aphambili, kunye nezixhobo zehardware. .
Emva kweminyaka emi-5 ukuya kwe-10, phantsi kwempembelelo yeemfuno zesicelo, ubugcisa obuphambili be-1.06Pbit/s ultra-large umthamo wemowudi ye-multi-core optical fiber transmission system inokuqala isetyenziswe kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokuhanjiswa kwe-transoceanic kunye nezinye. Iziko leDatha elikhulu. Watsho uZhixue.
Okwangoku, itekhnoloji yonxibelelwano lwaseTshayina inokukhuphisana nenqanaba eliphezulu lamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa isajongene nobunzima obuninzi. Umzekelo, isiseko semizi-mveliso esifanelekileyo sibuthathaka, asinanto imvelaphi kunye netekhnoloji yokuzimela, kunye nezixhobo zefiber optic ezingonelanga. “Okwangoku, izixhobo ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezifunekayo ukwenza imathiriyeli yefayibha enje ngomzobo wocingo kunye nokujija ifayibha kuxhomekeke ekungenweni kwamanye amazwe.” Watsho uZhixue.
Kwangaxeshanye, izixhobo eziphezulu kunye neechips ezinxulumene nonxibelelwano lwefiber optical zilawulwa ikakhulu ngamazwe aphuhlileyo anjenge-United States neJapan.
Ngokuphathelele kulo mba, uHe Zhixue ucebise ukuba kuyimfuneko ukomeleza uphando olusisiseko olufanelekileyo, ukwenza umsebenzi olungileyo woyilo lwexesha elide lobuchwephesha obungundoqo, ukuqikelela indlela yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji, kwaye utsibe ngaphandle komjikelo wobugcisa “wokulandela umkhondo. -ukulibazisa-kwakunye nokubuya umva”.
Ukongezelela, u-He Zhixue ugxininise ukuba kuyimfuneko ukwandisa utyalo-mali kuphando kunye nophuhliso, ukuyila kunye nokulungiswa kwee-chips eziphezulu kunye nezixhobo eziphezulu, ukuvuselela umdla weetalente ze-R & D, kwaye ugxininise ekukhuseleni impumelelo yokuqala. "Ngokukodwa, kufuneka senze uyilo oluphezulu, sifezekise i-synergy kunye ne-innovation kubasebenzi, iziseko zophuhliso kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo, kunye nokuphucula amandla okuxhasa amashishini ahambelanayo," watsho.