Isishwankathelo saMandla phezu koMbane (POE)
I-POE (i-Power Over Ethernet) ibhekisela kwezinye ii-terminals ezisekelwe kwi-IP (ezifana neefowuni ze-IP, i-wireless LAN access points AP, iikhamera zenethiwekhi, njl.) ngaphandle kokutshintsha i-Ethernet Cat.5 ekhoyo ye-wiring infrastructure. Ngelixa idlulisela imiqondiso yedatha, ibonelela ngeteknoloji yobonelelo lwamandla eDC kwizixhobo ezinjalo. Itekhnoloji ye-POE inokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kothungelwano olukhoyo ngelixa iqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwe-cabling ekhoyo emiselweyo, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
I-POE ikwabizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla esekelwe kwinethiwekhi yendawo yendawo (i-POL, Amandla phezu kwe-LAN) okanye i-Active Ethernet (i-Active Ethernet), ngamanye amaxesha ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-Power over Ethernet ngokufutshane. Oku kukusebenzisa iintambo ezikhoyo zothumelo lwe-Ethernet ukuhambisa idatha kunye nedatha ngexesha elinye. Imigangatho yamva nje kunye neenkcukacha zamandla ombane, kunye nokugcina ukuhambelana neenkqubo ezikhoyo ze-Ethernet kunye nabasebenzisi. Umgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af ngumgangatho omtsha osekelwe kwi-POE ye-Power-over-Ethernet system. Yongeza imigangatho enxulumeneyo yonikezelo lwamandla ngokuthe ngqo ngeentambo zenethiwekhi ngokwesiseko se-IEEE 802.3. Kukwandiswa komgangatho okhoyo we-Ethernet kunye nomgangatho wokuqala wamazwe ngamazwe wokusasazwa kwamandla. umgangatho.
I-IEEE yaqala ukuphuhlisa umgangatho ngo-1999, kwaye abathengisi bokuqala abathatha inxaxheba yayiyi-3Com, Intel, PowerDsine, Nortel, Mitel, kunye ne-National Semiconductor. Nangona kunjalo, iintsilelo zalo mgangatho zithintele ukwanda kwemarike. Kuze kube nguJuni ka-2003, i-IEEE yavuma umgangatho we-802.3af, ochaza ngokucacileyo ukufunyanwa kwamandla kunye nemiba yokulawula kwiinkqubo ezikude, kunye nokudibanisa.iirotha, utshintsho, kunye nee-hubs kwiifowuni ze-IP, iinkqubo zokhuseleko, kunye neenethiwekhi zendawo ezingenazintambo ngeentambo ze-Ethernet. Ukulinganisa imo yezixhobo zombane ezifana namanqaku. Uphuhliso lwe-IEEE 802.3af lubandakanya iinzame zeengcali ezininzi zeenkampani, ezivumela ukuba umgangatho uvavanywe ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuqulunqwa kwenkqubo ye-POE kunye neeparamitha zeempawu zobonelelo lwamandla
Inkqubo ye-POE ibandakanya izixhobo zokubonelela ngombane (i-PSE, i-Power Sourcing Equipment) kunye nezixhobo zokufumana amandla (iPD, i-Power Device) iinxalenye. Isixhobo se-PSE sisixhobo esinika amandla kwizixhobo ezimbini zabaxumi, kwaye sisixhobo esinika amandla kuyo yonke i-POE. Isixhobo sePD yiPSE eyamkela amandla, oko kukuthi, isixhobo somthengi wenkqubo ye-POE, njengeefowuni ze-IP, ukhuseleko lwenethiwekhi, ii-APs, kunye neePDA. ) Okanye ezinye izixhobo ezininzi ezifana neefowuni eziphathwayo kunye neekhompyutha (ezincinci, nasiphi na isixhobo esinamandla angaphezu kwe-13W sinokufumana amandla ahambelanayo kwi-interface ye-RJ45). Ayixhomekeke kumgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af ukuseka uqhagamshelwano lolwazi malunga nobume boqhagamshelwano, uhlobo lwesixhobo, kunye nenqanaba lesixhobo sokufumana iPD, kwaye kwangaxeshanye unikeze amandla kwiPD ngokwePSE.
Iimpawu eziphambili zobonelelo lwamandla eeparamitha zenkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla esemgangathweni ye-POE zezi:
◆ I-voltage iphakathi kwe-44V kunye ne-57V, enexabiso eliqhelekileyo le-48V.
◆ Ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo bangoku yi-550mA, kwaye ubuninzi bokuqalisa ngoku yi-500mA.
◆Umndilili wokusebenza ngoku yi-10～350mA, kwaye i-overload yangoku yi-350～500mA.
◆Phantsi kweemeko zokungathwali mthwalo, ubuninzi obufunekayo ngoku yi-5mA.
◆Nikeza ngamanqanaba amahlanu ezicelo zamandla ombane ukusuka kwi-3.84 ukuya kwi-12.95W yezixhobo zePD, ubuninzi obungekho ngaphezulu kwe-13W.
Inkqubo yokusebenza yonikezelo lwamandla lwePOE
Xa udada kwi-terminal ye-PSE izixhobo zonikezelo lwamandla kuthungelwano, inkqubo yokusebenza yonikezelo lombane lwe-POE lulandelayo.
◆Ukufunyanwa: Ekuqaleni, imveliso yombane ngesixhobo se-PSE kwizibuko de ibone ukuba uqhagamshelo lwetheminali yedatha sisixhobo sokufumana amandla esixhasa umgangatho we-IEEE 802.3af.
◆ Ukuhlelwa kwesixhobo sePD: Emva kokubona isixhobo sokufumana amandla ePD, isixhobo sePSE sinokuhlela isixhobo sePD kwaye sivavanye ukusetyenziswa kombane okufunwa sisixhobo sePD.
◆Qalisa unikezelo lwamandla: Ngexesha elilungisekayo (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphantsi kwe-15μs) ukuqalisa unikezelo lwamandla, isixhobo se-PSE siqalisa ukubonelela ngombane kwisixhobo sePD ukusuka kumbane ophantsi de kube sibonelela ngombane we-48V.
◆ Unikezelo lwamandla: Ukubonelela nge-48V ezinzileyo nethembekileyo ye-dynamic over-voltage yezixhobo zePD ukuhlangabezana nexesha elongezelelweyo lamandla lezixhobo zePD ezingagqithiyo kwi-15.4W.
◆ Ukucinywa kwamandla: Ukuba ifowuni yePD inqanyuliwe kwinethiwekhi, i-PSE iya kukhawuleza (ngokuqhelekileyo ngaphakathi kwe-30-400ms) imise amandla kwisixhobo sePD, kwaye iphinda inkqubo yokufumanisa ukuba i-terminal yedatha ixhunyiwe kwisixhobo sePD.
Xa udibanisa nasiphi na isixhobo sothungelwano kwi-PSE, i-PSE kufuneka iqale ibone ukuba isixhobo asiyi-PD ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayiboneleli ngoku kwizixhobo ezingahambelani nomgangatho we-POE, onokubangela umonakalo. Inokuqondwa ngokujonga i-voltage encinci yangoku yombane ukujonga ukuba umgama uneempawu ezihlangabezana neemfuno. Kuphela kuxa kufunyaniswa kufikelelwe apho amandla ombane apheleleyo angama-48V anokunikezelwa, okwangoku kusekho, kwaye isixhobo esifutshane kakhulu se-terminal sinokuba nemeko yempazamo. . Njenge-PD eyandisiweyo yenkqubo yokufumanisa, inokuphinda ihlele iindlela zokubonelela ngombane ezifuna i-PSE, kwaye ibonelele nge-PSE ukubonelela amandla ngendlela efanelekileyo. I-PSE iqalisa ukunika amandla. Iza kuqhubeka ukubeka esweni igalelo le-PD langoku. Xa ukusetyenziswa kwangoku kwePD kuhla ngaphantsi kwexabiso eliphantsi, njengaxa isixhobo sikhutshiwe okanye sidibana nokusetyenziswa kwamandla okugqithisileyo kwesixhobo sePD, isiphaluka esifutshane, okanye umthwalo wonikezelo lwamandla oludlula i-PSE, i-PSE iya Konakalisa unikezelo lwamandla kwaye iqalise ukubhaqa. inkqubo kwakhona.
Isixhobo sonikezelo lwamandla sinokubonelelwa ngesakhono senkqubo, umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kweprotocol yenethiwekhi elula (SNMP). Umsebenzi unokubonelela ngemisebenzi efana nokubuyiswa kokubuyisela kunye nokulawulwa kokubuyisela.
Kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunde indlela yokudluliselwa kwe-POE. Kukho imiba emibini ephambili ekufuneka iqwalaselwe kwinkqubo yokubonelela, okukuchongwa kwezixhobo zePD, kwaye enye kukukwazi kwe-UPS kwinkqubo.