Ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzisi, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeenkonzo, kunye nophuhliso lwetekhnoloji kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo, uhlobo lweenkqubo zonxibelelwano lwefiber optical lunokwahluka.
Okwangoku, inani elikhulu leefom zesistim zisetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lwedijithali lwefiber optical fiber ukumodareyitha okunzulu / ubhaqo ngqo (IM / DD). Umzobo webhloko yomgaqo wale nkqubo uboniswe kuMzobo 1. Njengoko kunokubonwa kumzobo, inkqubo yonxibelelwano yedijithali ye-fiber optical iqulunqwe kakhulu yi-transmitter optical, i-fiber optical, kunye ne-optical receiver.
Umzobo 1 umzobo weSchematic wenkqubo yonxibelelwano lwedijithali yefiber optical
Kwinkqubo yonxibelelwano ye-fiber optical point-to-point, inkqubo yokudluliselwa kwesignali: isignali yegalelo ethunyelwe kwi-terminal transmitter optical iguqulwa ibe yikhowudi yesakhiwo esifanelekileyo ukuhanjiswa kwifiber optical emva kokuguqulwa kwepateni, kunye nobukhulu bokukhanya. umthombo uqhutywa ngokuthe ngqo kwisekethe ye-Modulation ye-drive, ukuze imveliso yamandla okukhanya ngomthombo wokukhanya itshintshe kunye nomqondiso wegalelo langoku, oko kukuthi, umthombo wokukhanya ugqibezela ukuguqulwa kombane / optical kwaye uthumela umqondiso wamandla optical ohambelanayo kwifiber optical. ukusasaza; kwimizila yenkqubo yonxibelelwano, okwangoku, i-fiber optical mode enye Oku kungenxa yeempawu zayo ezingcono zokuhambisa; emva kokuba umqondiso ufikelele ekupheleni kokufumana, i-input optical signal iqala ukubonwa ngokuthe ngqo yi-photodetector ukugqiba ukuguqulwa kombane / ukuguqulwa kombane, kwaye emva koko ikhuliswe, ilinganiswe, kwaye igwetywe. Uluhlu lwenkqubo yokubuyisela kwisignali yombane yokuqala, ngaloo ndlela igqibezela yonke inkqubo yothumelo.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wonxibelelwano, i-optical repeater kufuneka inikezelwe kumgama ofanelekileyo phakathi kwee-transceivers. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-optical repeaters ekunxibelelaneni kwe-fiber optical, enye iphindaphinda ngendlela yokuguqulwa kwe-optical-electrical-optical, kwaye enye i-amplifier optical ekhulisa ngokuthe ngqo umqondiso we-optical.
Kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano ze-fiber optical, ezona zinto ziphambili ezenza umgama we-relay ukulahleka kwefiber optical kunye ne-bandwidth yokuhambisa.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuthotywa kwefayibha ngobude beyunithi yokuhanjiswa kwifiber isetyenziselwa ukumela ukulahleka kwefiber, kwaye iyunithi yayo yi-dB / km. Okwangoku, i-fiber ebonakalayo esekwe kwi-silica inelahleko malunga ne-2 dB / km kwi-0.8 ukuya kwi-0.9 μm band; ilahleko ye-5 dB / km kwi-1.31 μm; kunye ne-1.55 μm, ilahleko ingancitshiswa ibe yi-0.2 dB / km, esondele kumda wethiyori we-SiO2 ukulahleka kwefiber. Ngokwesiko, i-0.85 μm ibizwa ngokuba yi-short-wavelength ye-fiber optic communication; I-1.31 μm kunye ne-1.55 μm zibizwa ngokuba yi-long-wavelength yonxibelelwano lwefiber optical. Zintathu iifestile ezisebenzayo ezinelahleko ephantsi kunxibelelwano lwefiber optical.
Kunxibelelwano lwe-digital optical fiber, ulwazi luhanjiswa bubukho okanye ukungabikho kwemiqondiso ye-optical ngexesha ngalinye. Ke ngoko, umgama we-relay nawo ukhawulelwe ngumda wokuhambisa ifayibha. Ngokubanzi, i-MHz.km isetyenziswa njengeyunithi yebhanwidthji yosasazo ngobude beyunithi yefiber. Ukuba i-bandwidth yefiber ethile inikwe njenge-100MHz.km, kuthetha ukuba kuphela i-100MHz imiqondiso ye-bandwidth evumelekileyo ukuba ihanjiswe kwikhilomitha nganye yefayibha. Umgama omde kunye ne-bandwidth encinci ye-bandwidth, encinci umthamo wonxibelelwano.