I-EPON kunye ne-GPON zineenzuzo zazo. Ukususela kwisalathiso sokusebenza, i-GPON iphezulu kune-EPON, kodwa i-EPON ineenzuzo zexesha kunye neendleko. I-GPON iyabamba. Ukujonga phambili kwimakethi yokufikelela kwibroadband yexesha elizayo, isenokungabi ngubani othatha indawo kabani, kufuneka ihlale ihleli kunye kwaye iyancedisana. Kwi-bandwidth, iinkonzo ezininzi, i-QoS ephezulu kunye neemfuno zokhuseleko, kunye nabathengi abane-teknoloji ye-ATM njengenethiwekhi yomqolo, i-GPON iya kufaneleka ngakumbi. Ukujongana neendleko, i-QoS, kunye namaqela abathengi okhuseleko oluphantsi, i-EPON ibe yeyona nto iphambili.
Yintoni iPON?
Itekhnoloji yokufikelela kwibroadband iyakhula, imiselwe ukuba ibe libala ledabi apho umsi ungasokuze uphele. Okwangoku, i-mainstream yasekhaya iseyitekhnoloji ye-ADSL, kodwa ngakumbi nangakumbi abavelisi bezixhobo kunye nabaqhubi baye bajika ingqalelo yabo kwitekhnoloji yokufikelela kwinethiwekhi ye-optical network.
Amaxabiso e-Copper ayaqhubeka nokunyuka, amaxabiso e-cable optical ayaqhubeka nokuwa, kwaye imfuno ekhulayo ye-bandwidth evela kwi-IPTV kunye neenkonzo zemidlalo yevidiyo iqhuba ukuphuhliswa kwe-FTTH. Amathemba aqaqambileyo okutshintsha iintambo zobhedu kunye neentambo ze-coaxial ngeentambo zokukhanya, umnxeba, i-cable TV, kunye ne-broadband data triplet icaca ngakumbi.
I-PON (Inethiwekhi ye-Passive OpTIcal) inethiwekhi ye-passive optical iyona teknoloji iphambili yokufezekisa i-FTTH fiber ukuya ekhaya, ukubonelela ukufikelela kwifiber point-to-multipoint. Njengoko kubonisiwe kuMfanekiso 1, iqulathe iOLT(itheminali yomgca wokukhanya) kwicala le-ofisi kunye necala lomsebenzisi Iqulunqwe yiI-ONU(I-Optical Network Unit) kunye ne-ODN (i-Optical Distribution Network). Ngokubanzi, umlambo osezantsi usebenzisa usasazo lwe-TDM kwaye unyuka usebenzisa i-TDMA (iCandelo leXesha lokuFikelela okuninzi) ukwenza i-point-to-multipoint tree topology. I-PON, njengeyona ndawo iqaqambileyo yokufikelela kwitekhnoloji ye-optical access, “yi-passive”. I-ODN ayiqulathanga naziphi na izixhobo zombane ezisebenzayo kunye nonikezelo lwamandla ombane. Zonke zenziwe ngezixhobo zokwenziwa ezifana ne-optical splitters (Splitter). Ulawulo, ukugcinwa kunye neendleko zokusebenza ziphantsi.
Iimpawu zobugcisa ze-EPON kunye ne-GPON
I-EPON ijonge ukuhambelana nobuchwephesha be-Ethernet yangoku. Kukuqhubekeka kweprotocol ye-802.3 kwinethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-optical access. Izuza ngokupheleleyo inzuzo yamaxabiso aphantsi e-Ethernet, iiprothokholi eziguquguqukayo, kunye netekhnoloji evuthiweyo. Inemarike ebanzi kunye nokuhambelana okuhle. I-GPON ibekwe kwishishini lezonxibelelwano ngeemfuno zeenkonzo ezininzi, ukufikelela kwinkonzo epheleleyo kunye nesiqinisekiso seQoS, kwaye izama ukufumana isisombululo esona sisombululo sixhasa zonke iinkonzo kwaye sisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, siphakamisa "ukuvuleleka kunye nokugqitywa kokuqwalaselwa kwakhona kwazo zonke izivumelwano ngokuvulekileyo. ”.
Iimpawu zobugcisa ze-EPON zezi zilandelayo:
I-1) I-Ethernet yeyona nto ingcono yokuthwala iinkonzo ze-IP;
2) Ukugcinwa okulula, kulula ukwandisa, kulula ukuphucula;
3) Izixhobo ze-EPON zikhulile kwaye ziyafumaneka. I-EPON ibeke izigidi zemigca eAsia. Iitshiphusi zentengiso zesizukulwana sesithathu ziqalisiwe. Amaxabiso eemodyuli ezihambelanayo ze-optical kunye neechips ziye zehla kakhulu, zifikelela kwisikali sokusetyenziswa kwezorhwebo, ezinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zoshishino lwamva nje;
I-4) Iprotocol ye-EPON ilula kwaye iindleko zokuphunyezwa ziphantsi, kwaye iindleko zezixhobo ziphantsi. Obona buchwepheshe bufanelekileyo bufuneka kuthungelwano lokufikelela kwimetro, ingeyiyo eyona teknoloji igqwesileyo;
I-5) Ilungele ngakumbi kwinethiwekhi yasekhaya, ye-metropolitan ngaphandle komthwalo wezixhobo ze-ATM okanye ze-BPON;
I-6) Ngokufanelekileyo kwixesha elizayo, i-IP ithwala zonke iinkonzo, kwaye i-Ethernet ithwala iinkonzo ze-IP.
Iimpawu zobugcisa zeGPON zezi zilandelayo:
1) Ukufikelela kwinethiwekhi kwimisebenzi ye-telecom;
I-2) I-bandwidth ephezulu: izinga lomgca, i-2.488Gb / s ezantsi, i-1.244Gb / s; I-3) Ukusebenza okuphezulu kokuhanjiswa: ukuziphatha okuphantsi kwe-94% (i-bandwidth yangempela ukuya kwi-2.4G) ukuziphatha okuphezulu kwe-93% (i-bandwidth yangempela ukuya kwi-1.1G);
3) Inkxaso yenkonzo epheleleyo: Umgangatho we-G.984.X uchaza ngokungqongqo inkxaso yeenkonzo ezipheleleyo ze-carrier-grade (izwi, idatha kunye nevidiyo);
I-4) Ubuchule bokulawula obunamandla: ngemisebenzi ecebileyo, i-domain ye-OAM eyaneleyo igcinwe kwisakhiwo sesakhelo, kwaye imigangatho ye-OMCI yenziwe;
I-5) Umgangatho wenkonzo ephakamileyo: amanqanaba amaninzi e-QoS anokuqinisekisa ngokungqongqo i-bandwidth kunye neemfuno zokulibaziseka kweshishini;
I-6) Ixabiso eliphantsi elibanzi: Umgama omde wothumelo kunye nomlinganiselo ophezulu wokuhlukana, osasaza ngokufanelekileyoOLTiindleko kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokufikelela kubasebenzisi.
Yeyiphi engcono, EPON vs GPON?
1. Imigangatho eyamkelwa yi-EPON kunye ne-GPON yahlukile. Kunokuthiwa i-GPON ihambele phambili kwaye inokudlulisa i-bandwidth eninzi, kwaye inokuzisa abasebenzisi abaninzi kune-EPON. I-GPON yavela kwi-APON \ BPON iteknoloji yonxibelelwano lwefiber optical, eyaphuhliswa kule nto. Ifomati yesakhelo se-ATM isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa umjelo wekhowudi. I-E ye-EPON ibhekisela kwi-Ethernet edibeneyo, ngoko ke ekuqaleni kokuzalwa kwe-EPON, kwakudingeka ukuba ikwazi ukudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo kunye ne-intanethi, ngoko ke umzila wekhowudi ye-EPON yifomathi yesakhelo se-Ethernet. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukuze ulungelelanise ukuhanjiswa kwifiber optical, ifomathi yesakhelo echazwe yi-EPON ihlanganiswe ngaphandle kwesakhelo se-Ethernet ifomathi yefreyimu.
2. Umgangatho weEPON ngu-IEEE 802.3ah. Umgaqo osisiseko we-IEEE ukuqulunqa umgangatho we-EPON kukulinganisa i-EPON ngaphakathi kwe-802.3 ye-architecture kangangoko kunokwenzeka, kunye nokwandisa iprotocol ye-MAC ye-Ethernet esemgangathweni ukuya kwinqanaba elincinci.
3. Umgangatho we-GPON luluhlu lwemigangatho ye-ITU-TG.984. Ukuqulunqwa komgangatho we-GPON kuthathela ingqalelo inkxaso yeenkonzo ze-TDM zendabuko kwaye iyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa i-125ms isakhiwo sesakhelo esisisigxina sokugcina ukugcinwa kwexesha le-8K. Ukuze kuxhaswe iiprotocol ezininzi ezifana ne-ATM, i-GPON ichaza i-brand entsha ye-encapsulation structure GEM: GPONEncapsulaTIonMethod. Idatha ye-ATM kunye nezinye iiprothokholi zinokuxutywa kwaye zifakwe kwizakhelo.
4. Ngokubhekiselele kwisicelo, i-GPON ine-bandwidth enkulu kune-EPON, umphathiswa wayo wenkonzo usebenza kakuhle, kwaye amandla ayo okuhlukanisa optical anamandla. Iyakwazi ukuhambisa iinkonzo ezinkulu ze-bandwidth, ukuqonda ukufikelela komsebenzisi ngakumbi, kuhlawula ingqalelo ngakumbi kwiinkonzo ezininzi kunye nesiqinisekiso se-QoS, kodwa ukufezekisa ngakumbi Kunzima, okubangela ukuba iindleko zayo zibe phezulu kunezo ze-EPON, kodwa ngokusasazwa okukhulu. yeteknoloji yeGPON, umahluko weendleko phakathi kweGPON kunye ne-EPON uyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe.