Uthungelwano lwe-EPON lwamkela indlela ye-FTTB yokwenza uthungelwano, kwaye iyunithi esisiseko yothungelwano yi-OLT kunye ne-ONU. I-OLT ibonelela ngamazibuko e-PON amaninzi kwizixhobo zeofisi ephakathi ukuqhagamshela izixhobo ze-ONU; I-ONU sisixhobo somsebenzisi esibonelela ngedatha ehambelanayo kunye nojongano lwezwi ukuqonda ukufikelela kwenkonzo yomsebenzisi. Ukuphunyezwa kokufikelela kwiinkonzo ezahlukeneyo, abasebenzisi abahlukeneyo kunye neenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ziphawulwe ngeethegi ezahlukeneyo zeVLAN ukuhambisa ngokucacileyo kwi-server yokufikelela kwinkonzo ehambelanayo, kwaye iithegi zeVLAN ezihambelanayo ziyahluthwa kwaye zithunyelwe kwinethiwekhi ye-IP yokuhambisa.
1. Intshayelelo yenethiwekhi ye-EPON
I-EPON (i-Ethernet Passive Optical Network) yiteknoloji yofikelelo lwefiber yefiber evelayo. Yamkela i-point-to-multipoint structure, i-passive optical fiber transmission mode, esekelwe kwi-platform ye-Ethernet ye-high-speed kunye ne-TDM yecandelo lexesha le-MAC (i-Media Access Control) imodi yokulawula ukufikelela kwimidiya. , iteknoloji yokufikelela kwi-Broadband ebonelela ngeenkonzo ezahlukeneyo ezidibeneyo. Into ebizwa ngokuba "yi-passive" ithetha ukuba i-ODN ayinayo nayiphi na i-electronic device esebenzayo kunye nombane osebenzayo, kwaye iqulunqwe izixhobo ezingabonakaliyo ezifana ne-optical splitters (Splitter). Yamkela iteknoloji ye-PON kwinqanaba lomzimba, isebenzisa i-Ethernet protocol kwi-link layer, kwaye iqonda ukufikelela kwe-Ethernet ngokusebenzisa i-topology structure ye-PON. Ngoko ke, idibanisa iingenelo zeteknoloji yePON kunye nobuchwepheshe be-Ethernet: ixabiso eliphantsi, i-bandwidth ephakamileyo, i-scalability eyomeleleyo, ukuguquguquka kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwenkonzo ngokukhawuleza, ukuhambelana ne-Ethernet ekhoyo, ulawulo olulula njalo njalo.
I-EPON inokuqonda ukudityaniswa kwelizwi, idatha, ividiyo kunye neenkonzo zeselula. Inkqubo ye-EPON iqulunqwe kakhulu yi-OLT (i-terminal ye-optical line), i-ONU (iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical), i-ONT (i-terminal ye-optical network) kunye ne-ODN (inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-optical). ngena.
Izixhobo zenethiwekhi ezisebenzayo ziquka izixhobo zokubeka i-ofisi ephakathi (OLT) kunye neyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical (ONU). I-Optical Network Units (ONUs) ibonelela abasebenzisi nge-interface phakathi kwedatha, ividiyo kunye neenethiwekhi zocingo kunye ne-PON. Umsebenzi wokuqala we-ONU kukufumana isignali yendlela ye-optical kwaye uyiguqule kwifomathi efunwa ngumsebenzisi (i-Ethernet, ukusasazwa kwe-IP, umnxeba, T1 / E1, njl.). Izixhobo ze-OLT zixhunywe kwinethiwekhi ye-IP engundoqo ngokusebenzisa iifayili ze-optical. Ukuqaliswa kwenethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-optical access, i-coverage yayo ifikelela kwi-20km, iqinisekisa ukuba i-OLT inokuphuculwa kwi-metro convergence node yemveli ukusuka kwinqanaba lokuqala lolwakhiwo lwenethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-optical, ngaloo ndlela ilula isakhiwo sothungelwano lwe-network access layer convergence layer kunye nokugcina. amandla. inani leeofisi zokuphela. Ukongezelela, iimpawu zomthamo omkhulu, i-bandwidth ephezulu yokufikelela, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kunye ne-multi-service QoS yenkxaso yezinga lenkxaso yenethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-optical access iphinda yenza ukuguquka kwenethiwekhi yokufikelela kwi-platform edibeneyo, edibeneyo, kunye neyokwenene.
2. Umgaqo osisiseko we-EPON network
Inkqubo ye-EPON isebenzisa iteknoloji ye-WDM ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa kwe-bidirectional ye-fiber enye, usebenzisa i-uplink 1310nm kunye ne-downlink 1490nm wavelengths ukuhambisa idatha kunye nezwi, ngelixa iinkonzo ze-CATV zisebenzisa i-1550nm wavelength ukuthwala. I-OLT ibekwe ekupheleni kweofisi ephakathi ukuze isasaze kwaye ilawule uxhulumaniso lwejelo, kwaye inomsebenzi wokubeka iliso, ulawulo kunye nokugcinwa kwexesha langempela. I-ONU ibekwe kwicala lomsebenzisi, kwaye i-OLT kunye ne-ONU zidibaniswe kwimodi ye-1:16 / 1:32 ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa optical passive.
Ukuze ukwahlula imiqondiso yokuhamba nokubuya yabasebenzisi abaninzi kwifiber enye, ezi ndlela zimbini zilandelayo zokuphindaphinda zinokusetyenziswa.
1) I-downlink data stream ithatha iteknoloji yosasazo. Kwi-EPON, inkqubo yokuhanjiswa kwedatha ezantsi ukusuka kwi-OLT ukuya kwii-ONU ezininzi ithunyelwa ngokusasazwa kwedatha. Idatha isasazwa ezantsi ukusuka kwi-OLT ukuya kwii-ONU ezininzi ngendlela yeepakethi zobude obuguquguqukayo. Ipakethe nganye yolwazi ineheda ye-EPON, echonga ngokukodwa ukuba ipakethi yolwazi ithunyelwe ku-ONU-1, ONU-2 okanye ONU-3. Isenokuchongwa njengepakethe yosasazo kuzo zonke ii-ONU okanye kwiqela elithile le-ONU (iipakethe ezininzi). Xa idatha ifika kwi-ONU, i-ONU ifumana kwaye ibone iipakethi zolwazi ezithunyelwe kuyo ngokuhambelana nedilesi, kwaye ilahle iipakethi zolwazi ezithunyelwe kwezinye ii-ONU. Emva kokuba i-ONU ibhalisiwe njengesebenzayo, i-LLID eyodwa inikezelwe; xa i-OLT ifumana idatha, ithelekisa uluhlu lobhaliso lwe-LLID. Xa i-ONU ifumana idatha, ifumana kuphela izakhelo okanye izakhelo zosasazo ezihambelana ne-LLID yayo.
I-2) Umlambo wedatha onyukayo wamkela iteknoloji ye-TDMA. I-OLT ithelekisa uluhlu lobhaliso lwe-LLID ngaphambi kokufumana idatha; i-ONU nganye ithumela iifreyimu zedatha kwixesha le-slot elabelwe ngokufanayo zizixhobo ze-ofisi ephakathi OLT; ixesha elibekiweyo (ngokusebenzisa itekhnoloji eqalayo) ihlawulela umahluko womgama phakathi kwe-ONU nganye kwaye inqanda ukungqubana kwe-ONU nganye phakathi.
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