Uphuhliso lweemodyuli zonxibelelwano ezingenazingcingo: iinethiwekhi ze-5G, i-25G / 100G iimodyuli ezibonakalayo ziyindlela.
Ekuqaleni kwe-2000, iinethiwekhi ze-2G kunye ne-2.5G zaziphantsi kokwakhiwa, kwaye uxhulumaniso lwesikhululo sesiseko lwaqala ukusika kwiintambo zobhedu ukuya kwiintambo ze-optical. Ekuqaleni, iimodyuli ze-1.25G SFP ze-optical zasetyenziswa, kwaye emva koko iimodyuli ze-2.5G SFP zisetyenzisiwe.
Ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi ye-3G yaqala kwi-2008-2009, kwaye imfuno yeemodyuli ze-base station optical yaxhuma kwi-6G.
Kwi-2011, ihlabathi langena ekwakhiweni kweenethiwekhi ze-4G, kunye neemodyuli eziphambili ze-10G ezisetyenziswa kwi-prequel.
Emva kwe-2017, iguquke ngokuthe ngcembe kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G kwaye yaxhuma kwiimodyuli ze-25G / 100G ezibonakalayo. Inethiwekhi ye-4.5G (i-ZTE ibiza i-Pre5G) isebenzisa iimodyuli ze-optical ezifanayo njenge-5G.
Ukuthelekiswa kwe-5G ye-architecture yenethiwekhi kunye ne-4G ye-architecture yenethiwekhi: Ngexesha le-5G, ukwandisa inxalenye yokuhambisa, kulindeleke ukuba imfuno yeemodyuli ze-optical ziya kuphakama.
Inethiwekhi ye-4G isuka kwi-RRU ukuya kwi-BBU ukuya kwigumbi eliphambili lekhompyutha. Ngexesha lenethiwekhi ye-5G, imisebenzi ye-BBU inokwahlulwa kwaye ihlulwe ibe yi-DU kunye ne-CU. I-RRU yoqobo ukuya kwi-BBU yeye-fronthaul, kwaye i-BBU kwigumbi eliphambili lekhompyuter yeye-backhaul. Ngaphandle kokupasa.
Indlela i-BBU eyahlulwe ngayo inempembelelo enkulu kwimodyuli ye-optical. Ngexesha le-3G, abathengisi bezixhobo zasekhaya banezikhewu ezithile kunye namazwe ngamazwe. Ngexesha le-4G, bahambelana namazwe angaphandle, kwaye ixesha le-5G liqala ukukhokela. Kutshanje, iVerizon kunye ne-AT & T babhengeze ukuba baya kuqalisa urhwebo lwe-5G kwiminyaka eyi-19, unyaka omnye ngaphambi kweTshayina. Ngaphambi koko, ishishini lalikholelwa ukuba umthengisi oqhelekileyo uya kuba nguNokia Ericsson, kwaye ekugqibeleni uVerizon wakhetha i-Samsung. Isicwangciso esipheleleyo sokwakhiwa kwe-5G e-China yomelele, kwaye kungcono ukuqikelela ezinye. Namhlanje, igxile kakhulu kwimarike yaseTshayina.
Imodyuli ye-5G yangaphambili yokudlulisa ukukhanya: Ixabiso le-100G liphezulu, okwangoku i-25G iyona nto iphambili
Zombini i-fronthaul ye-25G kunye ne-100G iya kuhlala kunye. I-interface phakathi kwe-BBU kunye ne-RRU kwixesha le-4G yi-CPRI. Ukuze uhlangabezane neemfuno eziphezulu ze-bandwidth ye-5G, i-3GPP iphakamisa ujongano olutsha oluqhelekileyo lwe-eCPRI. Ukuba i-interface ye-eCPRI isetyenzisiwe, iimfuno ze-bandwidth ze-interface yangaphambili ziya kunyanzeliswa kwi-25G, ngaloo ndlela zinciphisa iindleko zoThutho lwe-optical Transmission.Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukusetyenziswa kwe-25G kuya kuzisa iingxaki ezininzi. Kuyimfuneko ukuhambisa eminye imisebenzi ye-BBU kwi-AAU yesampulu yomqondiso kunye noxinzelelo. Ngenxa yoko, i-AAU iba nzima kwaye ibe nkulu. I-AAU ixhonywe kwinqaba, eneendleko eziphezulu zokulondolozwa kunye nemingcipheko ephezulu yomgangatho. Enkulu, abavelisi bezixhobo baye basebenzela ukunciphisa i-AAU kunye nokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, ngoko ke baqwalasela izisombululo ze-100G zokunciphisa umthwalo we-AAU. Ukuba i-100G ixabiso lemodyuli ye-optical inokwehliswa ngokufanelekileyo, abavelisi bezixhobo baya kuthambekela kwiisombululo ze-100G.
I-5G ePhakathi: Iinketho zemodyuli ye-Optical kunye neemfuno zobuninzi ziyahluka kakhulu
Abaqhubi abahlukeneyo baneendlela ezahlukeneyo zothungelwano. Ngaphantsi kwenethiwekhi eyahlukeneyo, ukhetho kunye nenani leemodyuli ezibonakalayo ziya kwahluka kakhulu. Abathengi baye babeka phambili iimfuno ze-50G, kwaye siya kusabela ngenkuthalo kwiimfuno zabathengi.
I-5G Backhaul: Imodyuli ehambelanayo ye-Optical
I-backhaul iya kusebenzisa iimodyuli ze-optical ezihambelanayo kunye ne-interface bandwidths ezingaphezu kwe-100G. Kuqikelelwa ukuba i-200G i-akhawunti ehambelanayo ye-2 / 3 kunye ne-400G i-akhawunti ehambelanayo ye-1 / 3. Ukusuka phambili ukuya kumbindi wokudlula ukuya ngasemva, idibanisa inyathelo ngenyathelo. Isixa seemodyuli ze-optical ezisetyenziselwa ukudlula umva lincinci kunelo lokupasa, kodwa ixabiso leyunithi liphezulu.
Ikamva: inokuba lilizwe le chips
Iinzuzo zendalo ze-chip ziya kwenza ukuba kubaluleke ngakumbi nangakumbi kwimodyuli. Ngokomzekelo, i-MACOM isandul 'ukuqalisa i-chip ye-monolithic yokuqala edibeneyo yoshishino kwi-short-range ye-100G i-transceivers optical, i-cable optical cables (AOC) kunye ne-injini ye-optical ebhodini. Thumela kwaye ufumane izisombululo. I-MALD-37845 entsha idibanisa ngaphandle komthungo ukuhanjiswa kweendlela ezine kwaye ifumane imisebenzi yokubuyisela idatha yewotshi (CDR), ii-amplifiers ezine ze-transimpedance (TIA), kunye nabaqhubi abane be-laser ye-vertical cavity emitting surface (VSCEL) ukubonelela abathengi ngokuSebenzisa okungenakulinganiswa kunye nokuphantsi kakhulu. iindleko.
I-MALD-37845 entsha isekela amaxabiso edatha epheleleyo ukusuka kwi-24.3 ukuya kwi-28.1 Gbps kwaye yenzelwe i-CPRI, i-100G Ethernet, i-32G yeFiber Channel, kunye ne-100G EDR izicelo ezingenamkhawulo ze-bandwidth. Iya kubonelela abathengi ngesisombululo esisezantsi samandla e-single-chip kwaye i-compact optical Ideal yamacandelo. I-MALD-37845 ixhasa ukusebenzisana kunye nee-laser ezahlukeneyo zeVCSEL kunye ne-photodetectors, kwaye i-firmware yayo iyahambelana nezisombululo zangaphambili ze-MACOM.
"Imodyuli ye-Optical kunye nababoneleli be-AOC baphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu kuba kufuneka bancede abathengi bafezekise uxhulumaniso olukhulu lwe-100G," kusho uMarek Tlalka, umlawuli ophezulu wentengiso wecandelo eliphezulu lemveliso ye-analog kwi-MACOM. "Sikholelwa ukuba i-MALD-37845 inokoyisa ukudityaniswa kunye nemiceli mngeni yeendleko kwimveliso yemveli ye-chip ezininzi kwaye ibonelele ngezisombululo ezigqwesileyo zokusebenza okuphezulu kwizicelo ezimfutshane ze-100G."
I-MACOM's MALD-37845 100G isisombululo se-single-chip ngoku sisampula kubathengi kwaye icwangciselwe ukuqala imveliso kwisiqingatha sokuqala se-2019.