Ngophuhliso lwezixeko zanamhlanje ezisingise kwimisebenzi emininzi, ubume bedolophu buba nzima ngakumbi nangakumbi, kwaye kukho amakhulu, amakhulu, okanye amawaka eendawo zokubeka iliso emhlabeni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba amasebe asebenzayo ayakwazi ukubamba imifanekiso yevidiyo yexesha langempela, ecacileyo kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu ngokukhawuleza, Gxilisa uxinzelelo lwezixhobo zefiber optic. Ngaphezu koko, kwimisebenzi yasezidolophini esanda ngamandla kwaye intsonkothileyo, ukubeka kwakhona iintambo zefiber-optic akubizi kakhulu kuphela, kodwa ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwawo onke amaqela kunzima ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoku, indlela yokusombulula ezi ngxaki zingasentla?
Enyanisweni, ingxaki efanayo kwafunyanwa ekwakhiweni kwe-FTTH (iFayibha ukuya eKhaya) ngabaqhubi bezonxibelelwano. Ukuze ucombulule le ngxaki, unike umdlalo opheleleyo kwiinzuzo ze-bandwidth ye-fiber optical, ukusombulula ukunqongophala kwezixhobo zefiber optical, kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwenethiwekhi, abaqhubi bezonxibelelwano bakhethe iteknoloji yePON (i-passive optical network). Le teknoloji ingasetyenziswa ekubekweni esweni kwenethiwekhi yokhuseleko.
I-PON (I-PassiveOpticalNetwork) yinethiwekhi yokukhanya engasebenziyo. Umsebenzi womnatha womnatha wokusebenza uquka i-terminal yelayini yokubona (OLT) efakwe kwisikhululo solawulo oluphakathi, kunye nesethi yeeyunithi zenethiwekhi ezihambelanayo (ONU) ezifakwe kwindawo yomsebenzisi. Inethiwekhi yonikezelo lwamehlo (ODN) phakathi kweOLTkwaye i-ONU iqulethe iifiber ezibonakalayo kunye ne-passive optical splitters okanye i-couplers.
Umsebenzi womnatha osebenzayo awunazo naziphi na izixhobo ezisebenzayo ukusuka embindini ukuya kumnatha wabahlali. Endaweni yoko, izixhobo ze-passive optical zifakwe kwi-network kwaye i-traffic transmitted ikhokelwa ngokuhlula amandla e-optical wavelength ecaleni kwendlela yonke. Olu tshintsho luphelisa imfuno yabasebenzisi ukubonelela kunye nokugcina izixhobo ezisebenzayo kwi-loop yothumelo, egcina kakhulu iindleko zomsebenzisi. I-Passive optical splitters kunye ne-couplers zidlala kuphela indima yokudlulisa kunye nokunciphisa ukukhanya, ayifuni ukunikezelwa kwamandla kunye neenkcukacha zolwazi, kwaye zinexesha elingenamda phakathi kokungaphumeleli, okunokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa kwindlela yonke.
Izinto eziluncedo zobugcisa bePON zibonakaliswa ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo:
1. Inethiwekhi yokufikelela kwifiber ye-Optical isona sisombululo sifanelekileyo sophuhliso lwexesha elizayo, ngakumbi iteknoloji ye-PON ibonakaliswe njengeyona ndlela ibiza kakhulu ekufikeleleni kwi-broadband edibeneyo yangoku.
2. Ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji ye-PON, yonke inethiwekhi yokusabalalisa i-optical is passive, kwaye i-passive optical network incinci ngobukhulu kwaye ilula kwisixhobo. Xa kuthelekiswa nothungelwano lweentambo zobhedu, i-PON inokunciphisa iindleko zokugcina kunye nokusebenza, kwaye ikuthintele ngokupheleleyo ukuphazamiseka kombane kunye nokuphazamiseka kombane.
3. UkwenziwaI-ONU(iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical) ye-PON ayifuni unikezelo lwamandla, olungacimi nje uthotho lweengxaki zonikezelo lwamandla, kodwa lunokuthembeka okungcono kunezixhobo ezisebenzayo.
4. Ngenxa yokuba i-passive components isetyenzisiweyo kunye ne-optical fiber transmission medium yabelwana ngayo, iindleko zotyalo-mali zenethiwekhi yonke ye-optical network iphantsi.
5. I-PON ibonakala ngokucacileyo kwisistim yothumelo esetyenziswe kwinqanaba elithile, kwaye kulula ukuyiphucula.
Itekhnoloji yePON iye yaba lukhetho lokuqala lweshishini kwifiber-to-the-home (FTTH). I-teknoloji ye-PON isebenzisa i-point-to-multipoint topology, kunye ne-downlink kunye ne-uplink yokudlulisa idatha nge-TDM kunye ne-TDMA ngokulandelanayo. Umgama phakathi kwe OLT kunye neI-ONUinokuya kuthi ga kwi-20km, izinga losulelo luyi-1Gbps ye-bidirectional symmetrical, kwaye umlinganiselo ophezulu wokwahlula ngokubanzi uxhasa i-1:32 okanye ngaphezulu. Inokwahlulwa kwinqanaba elinye okanye iziqhekeza ezininzi kwi-cascade.
Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yePON kunokusombulula ngempumelelo i-bandwidth yokubeka iliso kwinethiwekhi kunye nokulinganiselwa komgama. IOLTizixhobo kwicala ofisi ibekwe kwigumbi ofisi kwicala ofisi. Ukwahlulahlula kwamanqanaba amaninzi kusetyenziselwa ukuqonda ukuhanjiswa okuguquguqukayo kwamanqaku. II-ONU+ ikhamera yenethiwekhi isetyenziswa njengendibaniselwano ye-terminal. II-ONUinokuba yiPoEtshintshangomsebenzi wePON. Kwigumbi lokubeka iliso lomthengi kunye neseva yokugcina. Inokubekwa iliso kwigumbi lokubeka iliso ngexesha langempela, kwaye idatha yevidiyo ithunyelwa kwiseva yokugcina ngexesha elifanayo, eliququzelela ukuqokelela ubungqina emva kwenyani.
Namhlanje, "inkqubela phambili ye-optical kunye nokuhoxiswa kobhedu", ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kweteknoloji yePON kubaluleke kakhulu. I-Fengrunda yasungulwaOLTkwayeI-ONUizixhobo, kunye nokuxhasa izisombululo zokhuseleko ze-PON, kwaye okokuqala kusungulwe i-PoEtshintshangomsebenzi wePON, owenzela umsantsa weI-ONUngaphandle kwe-PoE kwimarike yangoku. Inkqubo yokubeka iliso yevidiyo ekude isebenzisa itekhnoloji yePON ngokufanelekileyo isombulula iingxaki zamanqaku ashinyeneyo nezintsonkothileyo zokubeka iliso kunye nezixhobo eziluqilima zefiber kwizixeko zanamhlanje. Ineengenelo ezingenakuthelekiswa nanto kwimiba emininzi efana nokucwangciswa kwenethiwekhi, izixhobo zefiber, umgangatho wevidiyo, kunye nokuthembeka. Ukuphuhliswa kweenkonzo zokujonga ividiyo ezikude kunikezela ngezona zisombululo zenethiwekhi.