Kwishishini lonxibelelwano lwe-optical, iimodyuli ze-optical zibonakaliswe kakhulu. Zinobukhulu obuhlukeneyo bomzimba, kwaye inani lamatshaneli kunye namazinga okuhambisa ahluka kakhulu. Ziveliswa njani ezi modyuli, zeziphi iimpawu zazo, kwaye zonke iimfihlo zikumgangatho.
Imigangatho yokupakisha endala efana ne-GBIC, i-XPAK, i-X2, kunye ne-Xenpak ayiyi kuhoywa, kwaye amandla aphambili aya kugxininiswa kwimigangatho enamandla kakhulu okanye emitsha, eya kuvavanywa nganye nganye ngezantsi.
I-SFF Standardization Organisation: I-SFF (ifom-factor encinci iphakheji encinci) intlangano yokulinganisa yasekwa ngo-Agasti 1990. Iqale yaphuhlisa i-2.5-intshi ye-disk drives kwaye yandiswa kwezinye iindawo ngoNovemba 1992. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-SFF iye yaba yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwaye iyimpumelelo. umgangatho wemodyuli kumhlaba wokupakishwa kwemodyuli ye-optical. Imigangatho yemodyuli ye-optical eyenziwe yi-SFF ikakhulu ibandakanya i-SFP / QSFP / XFP.
Umgangatho we-SFP
I-SFP (i-small form-factor Pluggable), intsapho ye-transceivers encinci ye-plug-factor pluggable, esetyenziselwa ikakhulu i-Ethernet, i-fiber channel, i-Wireless CPRI, i-SONET: ichaza iphakheji ye-SFP ye-channel enye ukusuka kwi-1Gb / s ukuya kwi-28Gb / s ekufuneka ibe ihambelana noMgangatho, isakhiwo sayo siboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi. Okokuqala kwakukho uxwebhu olubhengezayo, olufana ne-SFF-8402 ecetywayo ye-SFP28, i-SFF-8083 ecetywayo ye-SFP10 (inani ekugqibeleni limele izinga lokudluliselwa, i-SFP10 ihlala ibhalwa njenge-SFP + ngoku), olu xwebhu lwesibhengezo lukhankanye ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zobugcisa. kucatshulwe ezi mfuno zobugcisa zibandakanyiweyo ngokudibeneyo zenza umgangatho obambekayo wale modyuli.
Uluhlu lwe-SFP lweempawu zobuchwephesha ikakhulu ziquka:
I-SFF-8432, ichaza ubungakanani bemodyuli (ubukhulu becala ubungakanani bofakelo), amandla okuplaga, kunye nokucaciswa kwecage yemodyuli.
I-SFF-8071 ichaza ikhonkco lekhadi le-slot kwi-motherboard ye-HOST kunye nolandelelwano lokufikelela ngomnwe wegolide wemodyuli yebhodi yomama.
I-SFF-8433, ichaza iimodyuli ezininzi zecala-ngecala kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa be-EMI shrapnel.
I-SFF-8472, ichaza imemori yemodyuli kunye neenkcukacha zokulawula ukuxilongwa.
I-SFF-8431 ichaza unikezelo lwamandla, imiqondiso yombane enesantya esisezantsi (iintambo zonxibelelwano), imiqondiso enesantya esiphezulu, ixesha, kunye nememori yokufunda nokubhala iinkcukacha.
Ngenxa yokuba izinga lenkxaso ye-SFP liya liphezulu kwaye liphezulu, ukucaciswa kwesignali yesantya esiphezulu kwi-SFF8431 ayisebenzi kwi-SFP16 / 28, ngoko ke i-SFF-8431 yahlulwa kamva yaba yi-SFF-8418 kunye ne-SFF-8419. I-SFF-8418 ichaza ngokuthe ngqo i-10Gb / s isantya esiphezulu kwiimfuno zesignali yombane. Ukufumana iimfuno zembonakalo yomzimba ngaphezulu kwe-10Gb / s, bhekisa kwiFiber Channel. I-SFF-8419 ichaza ngokuthe ngqo umxholo ngaphandle kweempawu zesantya esiphezulu kwi-SFF-8431, efanelekileyo kuzo zonke iimodyuli ze-SFP series.
Ke ngoko, iinjineli zoyilo lwemodyuli ye-SFP kufuneka ziqhelane ne-SFP-8431. Ukuba ungumntu oyila ii-PCBs, ubhala isoftware, okanye uqhuba uvavanyo, i-SFF-8472, i-SFF-8418, kunye ne-SFF-8419 kufuneka uqhelene nayo.
Umgangatho we-QSFP
I-QSFP (i-Quad Small Form-Factor Pluggable), i-transceiver ye-mini-channel miniaturized pluggable transceiver, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-Infiniband, i-Ethernet, i-Fiber Channel, i-OTN, i-SONET yentsapho yeprotocol: I-QSFP iphucula i-SFP yetshaneli enye ukuya kumajelo amane kunye nomthamo we-It kuphela. iphindwe kabini. Ngomlinganiselo ofanayotshintsha, Umthamo wokutshintsha i-QSFP ngamaxesha e-2.67 ye-SFP. Iprotocol ye-QSFP yayichazwe kuqala yi-INF-8438i, emva koko yaphuculwa yaba yi-SFF-8436,
kwaye emva koko i-SFF-8436 yahlulwa yangamacandelo amaninzi ngenkcazo kunye nereferensi. Uyilo ngoku luyafana ne-SFP:
Iimpawu zobugcisa ze-QSFP ikakhulu ziquka:
I-SFF-8679, ichaza umqondiso wesantya esiphezulu, umqondiso wesantya esisezantsi, unikezelo lwamandla, ukucaciswa kwexesha lemodyuli, kwaye ichaza ujongano lwe-optical kunye nokutsalwa kombala weringi.
I-SFF-8636, ichaza ulwazi lwememori, imemori yokufunda nokubhala imisebenzi.
I-SFF-8661, ichaza ubungakanani bemodyuli, ubungakanani bomnwe wegolide kunye neenkcukacha zokufakwa kunye nokususwa kwemodyuli.
I-SFF-8662 kunye ne-SFF-8663 ichaza i-cage kunye nekhonkco (uhlobo A) lwemodyuli ye-QSFP28.
I-SFF-8672 kunye ne-SFF-8683 ichaza iikheji kunye nezixhumi (uhlobo B) lwemodyuli ye-QSFP28.
I-SFF-8682 kunye ne-SFF-8683 ichaza iikheji kunye nezixhumi ze-QSFP14 kunye neemodyuli ezingaphantsi kwezinga.
Olunye ulwazi olongezelelweyo lwe-QSFP lunokujongwa kwi-Infiniband protocol. (InfiniBand TM ArchitectureSpecification Volume)
XFP umgangatho
XFP (10 Gb / s Small Form Factor Pluggable module, apho i-X imele i-10 kwi-numerals yamaRoma kwaye isetyenziselwa ikakhulu i-SONET OC-192, i-10 Gigabit Ethernet, kunye ne-fiber channel) usapho lweprotocol: XFP Yimodyuli yokulinganisa ubude, leyo yachazwa ekuqaleni yi-XFP MSA kwaye kamva yathunyelwa kumbutho we-SFF ukuze ipapashwe. Iprotocol ye-XFP iquka i-SFF-8477 kunye ne-INF-8077.
Iprotocol ye-INF8077 ichaza ubungakanani, umbane wombane, ulwazi lwememori, ulawulo lonxibelelwano kunye nokuxilongwa kwemodyuli ye-XFP (i-protocol ibandakanya zonke iinkalo zemodyuli). I-SFF-8477 ilungiselelwe ubukhulu becala ulawulo lohlengahlengiso lwamaza.
Umgangatho we-CXP
I-CXP (i-12x encinci ye-Factor-Factor Pluggable, i-12-channel encinci ye-pluggable package, apho i-C imele i-100G, isetyenziselwa ikakhulu i-Infiniband, i-fiber channel, i-Ethernet) iprotocol ilawulwa kakhulu yintlangano ye-Infiniband.
I-Annex A6 120 Gb / s 12x i-Small Form-factor pluggable (CXP) i-InterfaceSpecification ye-Cables, iiCables Active & Transceivers ibonelela ngayo yonke imiba ye-CXP yenkcazo (inokukhutshelwa ngaphandle kwentlawulo www.infinibandta.org). Ukongezelela, umbutho we-SFF ulawula i-shield cages kunye ne-slots zamakhadi kwii-CXPs zamabanga ahlukeneyo esantya.
I-SFF-8617 Mini Multilane 12X Shielded Cage / Connector 12 channel CXP cage kunye nebhodi yemodyuli slot specication.
I-SFF-8642 EIA-965 Mini Multilane 10 Gb / s 12X Shielded Cage / Connector (CXP10) 12x10Gb / s i-CXP yemodyuli ye-module kunye neenkcukacha zebhodi yemodyuli.
I-SFF-8647 Mini Multilane 14 Gb / s 12X Shielded Cage / Connector (CXP14) 12x14Gb / s i-CXP yemodyuli ye-module kunye neenkcukacha zebhodi yemodyuli.
I-SFF-8648 Mini Multilane 28 Gb / s 12X Shielded Cage / Connector (CXP28) 12x28Gb / s imodyuli yeCXP yemodyuli kunye neenkcukacha zebhodi yemodyuli.
I-microQSFP (i-miniaturized QSFP), i-protocol ye-multi-dimensional esungulwe kwi-2015, i-4 iziteshi ezifana ne-QSFP, kodwa ubungakanani bubukhulu bemodyuli ye-SFP kuphela, kwaye isekela i-25G kunye ne-50G (i-PAM4 yokumodareyitha) amazinga omzila. Ngoyilo lwamaphiko okuchitha ubushushu kwimodyuli yezindlu, inokusebenza okungcono kwe-thermal. “UMNCINANE WE-QUAD SMALL FORM-FACTOR PLUGGABLE IFOUR CHANNEL PLUGGABLE TRANSCEIVER, Host CONNECTOR, & CAGE ASEMBLY FORM FACTOR” iinkcukacha zeMicro-QSFP.
Iphakheji ye-CFP
Ngaphandle kweephakheji ze-SFP kunye ne-QSFP, i-CFP kufuneka ibe yindlela eqhelekileyo yokupakisha kwiimodyuli ze-optical. I-C kwi-CFP imele i-100 kwiwashi yamanani aseRoma, ngoko i-CFP ijolise ikakhulu kwizicelo ezinomlinganiselo we-100G (kubandakanywa ne-40G) nangaphezulu.
Usapho lweCFP ikakhulu lubandakanya iCFP / CFP2 / CFP4 / CFP8, apho iCFP8 isekwinqanaba lesiphakamiso.
Ngokungafani neenombolo ezongezelelweyo ze-10 kunye ne-28 emva kwe-QSFP, emele ibakala lesantya, amanani emva kweCFP amele isizukulwana esitsha, esinobukhulu obuncinci (ngaphandle kwe-CFP8) kunye nobuninzi obuphezulu.
Xa iphakheji ye-CFP yayicetywayo okokuqala, bekunzima ngezobuchwepheshe ukufezekisa isantya esisodwa se-25Gb / s, ngoko ke izinga lokujongana kombane kwi-CFP nganye lichazwe njengenqanaba le-10Gb / s, kwaye i-40G kunye ne-40G yaphunyezwa nge-4x10Gb / s kunye ne-10x10Gb. / s ujongano lombane. Isantya semodyuli ye-100G. Ubungakanani bemodyuli yeCFP bukhulu kangangokuba inokubeka imisebenzi emininzi kwibhodi yomama kwimodyuli ukugqiba [ASIC (SerDes)]. Xa isantya sendlela nganye ye-optical asihambisani nesantya sesiphaluka, unokugqiba ukuguqulwa kwesantya ngokusebenzisa ezi zijikelezo (ibhokisi yeGear) Ngokomzekelo, i-port optical 4X25Gb / s iguqulwa ibe yi-port yombane 10x10Gb / s.
Ubungakanani beCFP2 sisiqingatha kuphela seCFP. I-interface yombane inokuxhasa enye i-10Gb / s, okanye enye i-25Gb / s okanye i-50Gb / s. Ngokusebenzisa i-10x10G, 4x25G, 8x25G, kunye ne-8x50G i-interfaces yombane, i-100G / 200G / 400G iimodyuli zemodyuli zinokufezekiswa.
Ubungakanani beCFP4 buncitshiswe ukuya kwisiqingatha seCFP2. I-interface yombane isekela i-10Gb / s eyodwa kunye ne-25Gb / s, kwaye isantya semodyuli ye-40G / 100G sifezekiswa nge-4x10Gb / s kunye ne-4x25Gb / s. Iimodyuli ze-CFP4 kunye ne-QSFP zifana kakhulu, zombini zineendlela ezine, kwaye zombini zixhasa i-40G kunye ne-100G; Umahluko kukuba iimodyuli zeCFP4 zinemisebenzi yolawulo enamandla kunye nobukhulu obukhulu (oku kuyingozi kunxibelelwano lwedatha ephezulu), kwaye inokuxhasa imisebenzi emikhulu. Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kumabakala okukhawuleza ngaphezu kwe-25Gb / s kunye neemeko zokudlulisa umgama omde (udinga ukulawulwa kweqondo lokushisa kwe-TEC, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla amakhulu), inzuzo yeemodyuli ze-CFP4 ekusebenziseni amandla kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kokushisa kunokubonakaliswa.
Ngoko ke, unxibelelwano lwedatha olufutshane luyihlabathi le-QSFP; kwizicelo ze-100G-LR4 10km, i-CFP4 kunye ne-QSFP28 zihlulwe ngokulinganayo.
Imigangatho yentsapho ye-CFP iboniswe kulo mzobo ulandelayo: umgangatho ngamnye uneefayile ze-3, apho "i-CFPx MSA Hardware Specification Revision" ifayile yeprogram, echaza ngokufutshane ingcamango yemodyuli, ulawulo lwemodyuli, umbane wombane, ubungakanani bomatshini, i-optical interface, ukukopela Slots kunye nezinye iinkcukacha, amanye amaxwebhu amabini ichaza imilinganiselo eneenkcukacha oomatshini.
I-CFP MSA ikwanayo nemigaqo yobugcisa emibini yoluntu, i-PIN yoLwabiwo lwe-REV.25 ichaza ingcaciso yemodyuli yephini, kwaye “iNkcazelo yeNdibaniselwano yoLawulo lwe-CFP ye-MSA” ichaza ulawulo lwemodyuli kunye nolwazi lwerejista ngokweenkcukacha.
I-high-speed yombane yombane wemodyuli yeCFP ixhomekeke kwisicelo, kwaye ibhekisela kwi-CAUI, i-XLAUI, kunye ne-CEI-28G / 56G yombane yombane kwi-IEEE802.3.
I-CFP8 yiphakheji ecetywayo ngokukodwa kwi-400G, kwaye ubukhulu bayo bulingana neCFP2. I-interface yombane isekela isantya setshaneli ye-25Gb / s kunye ne-50Gb / s, kwaye ifezekisa i-400G isantya semodyuli nge-16x25G okanye i-8 × 50 i-interfaces yombane. I-CFP8 siSindululo kuphela, akukho mgangatho osemthethweni wokukhuphela uluntu.
I-CDFP MSA yasungulwa kwi-2013, kwaye umgangatho wokupakisha we-CDFP abawukhululile wawungumgangatho wokuqala wokupakisha we-400G optical module. Ngelo xesha, umgangatho we-interface yombane yayiyi-25Gb / s kuphela (OIF-CEI-28G-VSR), ngoko ke i-CDFP yenza nje iziteshi ezili-16, kwaye yagqiba izinga lemodyuli ye-400G nge-16x25G, kwaye yayijoliswe ngokukodwa kwi-short-. uluhlu lwezicelo olungaphantsi kwe-2km.
Ukuba i-16-way izibuko zombane zicwangciswe ngokulandelelana, umthamo uya kuba mkhulu kakhulu, ngoko imodyuli ye-CDFP ifumene iibhodi ezimbini ze-PCB kunye kwaye yasebenzisa i-interface ye-MPO16 kwi-optical port. Imodyuli iyonke ibonakala ityebile kakhulu! Ngokolungiselelo lwezibuko ze-optical kunye nombane, kukho iimodyuli ezintathu zizonke.
Umgangatho wamva nje we-CDFP uthi: "400 Gb / s (16 X 25 GB / s) I-PLUGGABLE TRANSCEIVER Rev 3.0″ echaza ujongano lombane, ujongano lolawulo, ujongano olubonakalayo, imodyuli / slot / ubungakanani bekheji yemodyuli yeCDFP, EMI / ESD umxholo onxulumeneyo. Namhlanje, iPAM4 ishushu kakhulu, kuqikelelwa ukuba le phakheji ivavanywa kakhulu.
Umgangatho wokupakisha wamva nje oxhasa i-400G kufuneka ube yi-QSFP-DD. Lo mbutho wasekwa ngoFebruwari 2016 kwaye wakhupha umgangatho wamva nje "QSFP DOUBLE DENSITY 8X PLUGGABLE TRANSCEIVER Rev 1.0" ngoSeptemba 2016. I-QSFP-DD iphantse ilingane ne-QSFP (ngenxa nje yokuba kukho umqolo owongezelelweyo weesekethe, kancinci kancinci. ixesha elide). Utshintsho oluphambili kukuphinda kabini i-interface ye-QSFP yombane ukusuka kwisine ukuya kwisibhozo kunye nenkxaso ye-50Gb / s i-channel rate 8X50 yi-400G). I-interface yombane ye-QSFP-DD iyahambelana ne-QSFP, kodwa kungekhona ngokuphambene.
Ezi ngxoxo zingasentla zizo zonke iimodyuli ze-100G kunye ne-400G. Makhe sijonge kwi-CSFP efikelelekayo. Nangona umgangatho wamva nje we-CSFP yi "campact SFP specifications" ekhutshwe ngo-2009, ayiphelelwa lixesha kwaphela. I-Campact ithetha ukuba i-compact ngaphezulu kuneemodyuli ze-SFP optical, kwaye inani leziteshi linokuthi liqwalaselwe ngokuguquguqukayo. I-CSFP ichaza iintlobo ze-3: i-1CH campact SFP, i-2CH campact SFP inketho1, kunye ne-2CH ye-campact SFP inketho2.
Ukupakisha iteknoloji emnyama CFP2-ACO
Okokugqibela, makhe sijonge itekhnoloji emnyama ephezulu kakhulu kwimigangatho yokupakisha yemodyuli ye-optical: CFP2-ACO. Ichazwa ikakhulu yi-OIF kwaye ibhekisa imilinganiselo yomatshini yeCFP2. I-ACO yangasemva ithetha i-analog coherent optical module. Ubukhulu becala iqulathe i-laser etyhunwayo yobubanzi bomgca omxinwa, imodyuli, kunye nomamkeli ohambelanayo. I-DSP (ukusebenza komqondiso wedijithali) ibekwe ngaphandle kwemodyuli. Le modyuli iyamangalisa. Nge-DP-QPSK kunye ne-DP-xQAM iteknoloji yokumodareyitha, izinga le-wavelength elilodwa lingadlula ngokulula i-100Gb / s, kwaye umgama wokuhambisa ungadlula i-2000km.