Itheminali yenethiwekhi yokukhanya (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-optical cat okanye imodem yokukhanya), ibhekisa kuthumelo ngethi-fiber medium, i-optical signal modulation kunye ne-demodulation kwezinye iimpawu zeprotocol zesixhobo sothungelwano. Isixhobo se-Lightcat sisebenza njengesixhobo sokuhambisa i-relay kuthungelwano lwendawo enkulu yendawo, uthungelwano lwengingqi yemetropolitan kunye nothungelwano lwendawo ebanzi. Ihluke kwi-transceiver optical, i-transceiver ebonakalayo ifumana kuphela kwaye ikhuphe ukukhanya, kwaye ayibandakanyi ukuguqulwa kweprotocol.
I-Modem sisixhobo sombane esimodareyitha isiginali yedijithali kwisignali ye-analog ukuze isasazwe, kwaye ithobe isignali ye-analog efunyenweyo ukuze ufumane umqondiso wedijithali. Injongo yalo kukuvelisa isignali ye-analog enokuthi idluliselwe ngokulula kunye nokubuyisela i-digita yokuqalal umqondiso ngokuguqula ikhowudi. Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo, iMODEM inokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhambisa imiqondiso ye-analog, efana nefiber optics, irediyo yeRF, okanye iintambo zefowuni.
Iimodem zefowuni ezisebenzisa i-audio band yefowuni eqhelekileyo kunxibelelwano lwedatha yimiimodem eziqhele ukudibana nazo. NgesiNgesi esithethwayo, abantu abaninzi babhekisela kwimodem yefowuni ngokuthi "ikati" okanye "umlingo" ngokusekelwe kwi-syllable yokuqala yokubizwa kwesiNgesi.
Ezinye iimodem eziqhelekileyo ziquka iimodem zentambo zokufikelela kwidatha ebanzi, iimodem ze-ADSL, kunye neemodem zefiber. Iselula yedijithali eneneni yimodem engenazingcingo. Izixhobo zothungelwano zonxibelelwano lwanamhlanje zenzelwe ukuhambisa inani elikhulu lolwazi kumgama omde kumajelo ahlukeneyo, ngoko ke ikwasekwe kumsebenzi wemodem. Iimodem zeMicrowave zingasetyenziswa kwizigidi zamasuntswana ngomzuzwana. Imodem ye-optical usebenzisa i-fiber optical njengoko i-transmission medium inokufikelela ngaphezu kwamashumi e-Gbps, ngoku ingumqolo we-telecommunications transmission Passive optical network (Passive optical network), eyaziwa ngokuba yi-passive optical fiber network, luhlobo lonxibelelwano lwefiber optical. womnatha, nto leyo luphawulwa akukho unikezelo lwamandla ukugqiba processing umqondiso, kanye njengesipili ekhaya, ayifuni umbane ukubonakalisa umfanekiso, ukongeza izixhobo terminal kufuneka ukusebenzisa umbane, I nodi embindini zenziwe. izinto ezithambileyo nezincinci zefiber optic.
Ngokombono weNethiwekhi yesiZukulwana esitsha (NGN), uthungelwano lwezonxibelelwano lunokwahlulwa ngokurhabaxa lube ngamacandelo amabini: inethiwekhi engundoqo kunye nokufikelela kwinethiwekhi. Inethiwekhi engundoqo ilingana nemigca yendabuko yokudluliselwa kunye nemigca emide. Inethiwekhi yofikelelo ineringi yeentambo zefiber optic. Imisebenzi yenethiwekhi engundoqo kunye nenethiwekhi yokufikelela yahlukile, kwaye iifom zabo zothumelo nazo zahlukile. Ke ngoko, izicelo ze-PON zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini: I-PON yenethiwekhi engundoqo kunye ne-PON yokufikelela kwinethiwekhi. Eyangaphambili isekelwe ikakhulu kwi-WDM, kwaye le yokugqibela isebenzisa zombini i-optical diverter kunye ne-WDM components.
Olu lwazi lungentla luyingcaciso emfutshane malunga netheminali yothungelwano lwe-optical eziswe yi-Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology LTD., engumvelisi okhethekileyo kwizixhobo zenethiwekhi yonxibelelwano njengeemveliso zayo eziphambili. Izixhobo zabo ezinxulumene nazo zinxulumene:oltwena/ okrelekrelewena/ acwena/ ifayibhawena/ catvwena/gponwena/xponwena/ oltizixhobo/olttshintsha/gponolt/ eponoltnjalo njalo, wamkelekile abasebenzisi ukuba beze kuboniswano lwemveliso.
