Zombini umqondiso kunye nengxolo kunxibelelwano zinokuthathwa njengeenkqubo ezizenzekelayo ezihluka ngexesha.
Inkqubo engacwangciswanga ineempawu zokuguquguquka okungahleliwe kunye nomsebenzi wexesha, kwaye inokuchazwa kwiimbono ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kodwa ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo:①inkqubo random yingqokelela yemisebenzi isampula engenasiphelo;②Inkqubo engacwangciswanga yiseti yezinto eziguquguqukayo.
Iimpawu zeenkcukacha-manani zenkqubo engaqhelekanga zichazwa ngumsebenzi wayo wokusasaza okanye umsebenzi woxinaniso olunokwenzeka. Ukuba iimpawu zezibalo zenkqubo ehleliweyo zizimeleyo kwixesha lokuqala, libizwa ngokuba yinkqubo ezinzile ngokungqongqo.
Iimpawu zedijithali yenye indlela emfutshane yokuchaza iinkqubo ezizenzekelayo. Ukuba ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lenkqubo lihlala lihlala kwaye umsebenzi wokudibanisa ngokuzenzekelayo u-R (T1, T1+ τ)= R (T), inkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokumisa ngokubanzi.
Ukuba inkqubo izinzile ngokungqongqo, kufuneka izinze ngokubanzi; kungenjalo, isenokungabi yinyani.Ukuba umyinge wexesha lenkqubo ulingana nomyinge wezibalo ohambelanayo, inkqubo i-ergodic.Ukuba inkqubo i-ergodic, nayo izinzile; kungenjalo, isenokungabi yinyani.
Umsebenzi wokulungelelaniswa kwe-autocorrelation R (T) wenkqubo yokumisa ngokubanzi ngumsebenzi olinganayo womahluko wexesha u-R, kwaye u-R (0) ulingana ne-avareji yetotali yamandla, engu-R（ τ) ixabiso eliphezulu. Ubuninzi bembonakalo yamandla (P) ξ (f) yi-Fourier transform's autocorrelation function R() (Wiener Minchin theorem). Esi sibini seenguqu simisela ubudlelwane benguquko phakathi kwexesha kunye nemimandla ephindaphindiweyo. Inkqubo yeGaussian yokusasazwa okunokwenzeka ilandela ukuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo, kwaye inkcazo yayo epheleleyo yamanani ifuna kuphela iimpawu zayo zamanani. Unikezelo olunokwenzeka lwe-dimensional enye luxhomekeke kuphela kwintsingiselo kunye nomahluko, kunye nonikezelo lwe-dimensional-dimensional enokwenzeka ixhomekeke ikakhulu kumsebenzi wolungelelaniso. Inkqubo yeGaussian iseyinkqubo yeGaussian emva kokuguqulwa komgca. Ubudlelwane phakathi komsebenzi wokusabalalisa oqhelekileyo kunye nomsebenzi we-Q (x) okanye we-ERF (x) uluncedo kakhulu ekuhlalutyeni ukusebenza okuchasene nengxolo kwiinkqubo zonxibelelwano lwedijithali. Inkqubo yestochastic emileyo Emva kokuba i (T) idlule kwindlela yomgca, inkqubo yemveliso yayo ξ 0 (T) nayo izinzile.
Iimpawu zeenkcukacha-manani zeenkqubo ezimxinwa zebhanti kunye namaza e-sine kunye ne-Gaussian-band emxinwa ingxolo ifaneleke ngakumbi kuhlalutyo lweenkqubo zokumodareyitha, iisistim zokudlula ibhendi, kunye nonxibelelwano olungenazingcingo oluphelayo kwiindlela ezininzi. Ukuhanjiswa okuthathu okuqhelekileyo kunxibelelwano kukusasazwa kweRayleigh, ukuhanjiswa kwerayisi, kunye nokuhanjiswa okuqhelekileyo: imvulophu yesiginali ye-sinusoidal carrier plus narrowband. Ingxolo yeGaussian ngokuqhelekileyo kukwabiwa kwerayisi. Xa i-amplitude yomqondiso inkulu, ithande ukusabalalisa okuqhelekileyo; xa i-amplitude incinci, imalunga nokusabalalisa kweRayleigh.
Ingxolo emhlophe yeGaussian ngumzekelo ofanelekileyo wokuhlalutya ingxolo eyongezelelweyo yetshaneli, kwaye owona mthombo wengxolo kunxibelelwano lwengxolo ye-thermal lolwalolu hlobo lwengxolo. Amaxabiso ayo ngawo nawaphi na amaxesha amabini ahlukeneyo awahambelani kwaye azimele ngokwezibalo. Emva kokuba ingxolo emhlophe idlula kwi-band-limited system, isiphumo sisandi esilinganiselweyo sebhendi. Ukudlula okuphantsi ingxolo emhlophe kunye ne-bandpass ingxolo emhlophe zixhaphakile kuhlalutyo lwethiyori.
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I-Shenzhen HDV phoelectron Technology Co., Ltd. ikakhulu ngumenzi weemveliso zonxibelelwano. Okwangoku, izixhobo eziveliswayo zigubungela iONU series, uthotho lwemodyuli yokubona, OLT series, kwayetransceiver series. Sinokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezilungiselelwe iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Wamkelekile ukubabonisana.
