Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthembeka kunye nobomi benkonzo yemigca yonxibelelwano lwefiber optical, iimpawu zeqondo lokushisa kunye neempawu zemishini ye-fiber optical nazo zimbini iiparitha ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusebenza komzimba.
1. Iimpawu zobushushu zefiber optical
Ukulahlekelwa kwe-fiber optical kunokuchazwa ngumlinganiso wokunciphisa i-fiber optical, kwaye i-coefficient yokunciphisa i-fiber optical ihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nendawo yokusebenza yenkqubo yonxibelelwano ye-fiber optical, oko kukuthi, yanda ngenxa yempembelelo ye-fiber optical. ubushushu, ngakumbi kwindawo yobushushu obuphantsi. Esona sizathu siphambili sokwandisa i-coefficient yokunciphisa i-fiber optical yilahleko ye-microbending kunye nokulahlekelwa kwe-fiber optical.
Ukulahleka kwe-microbending yefiber ngenxa yokutshintsha kweqondo lokushisa kubangelwa ukwanda kwe-thermal kunye nokunciphisa. Kuyaziwa kwifiziksi ukuba i-thermal yokwandisa i-silicon dioxide (SiO2) eyenza i-fiber optical incinci kakhulu, kwaye ayinciphi xa ubushushu buyancipha. I-fiber optical kufuneka ifakwe kwaye yongezwe kunye namanye amacandelo ngexesha lenkqubo yokwenza ikhebula. I-coefficient yokwandiswa kwezinto zokugqoka kunye nezinye izinto zikhulu. Xa iqondo lokushisa liyancipha, i-shrinkage ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngoko ke, xa iqondo lokushisa litshintsha, i-coefficient yokwandiswa kwezinto iyahluka. , Iza kubangela ukuba i-fiber optical igobe kancinci, ngakumbi kwindawo yokushisa ephantsi.
Ijika phakathi kwelahleko eyongezelelweyo yefiber kunye nobushushu buboniswa kumfanekiso. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liyancipha, ilahleko eyongezelelweyo yefiber ikhula ngokuthe ngcembe. Xa iqondo lokushisa liwela malunga -55 ° C, ilahleko eyongezelelweyo iyanda ngokukhawuleza.
Ngoko ke, xa uqulunqa inkqubo yokunxibelelana kwe-fiber optical, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela iimvavanyo zomjikelezo ophezulu kunye nomgangatho ophantsi we-cable optical ukujonga ukuba ukulahleka kwe-fiber optical kuhlangabezana neemfuno zesalathisi.
2. Iimpawu zoomatshini zefiber optical
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-fiber optical ayiphuli kwizicelo ezisebenzayo kwaye inokuthembeka kwexesha elide xa isetyenziswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba i-fiber optical kufuneka ibe namandla athile omatshini.
Njengoko kwaziwa kubo bonke, izinto ezibandakanya i-fiber optical yangoku yi-SiO2, ekufuneka itsalwe kwii-filaments ze-125 μm. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuzoba, amandla okuqina kwefiber optical malunga ne-10 ~ 20kg / mm². Amandla anokufikelela kwi-400kg / mm². Iimpawu zomatshini esifuna ukuxoxa ngazo ikakhulu zibhekiselele kumandla kunye nobomi bosinga.
Ukomelela kwefiber optical apha kubhekiselele kukuqina kokuqina. Xa ifayibha iphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu kunokuba inokumelana nayo, ifayibha iya kwaphuka.
Ngokubhekiselele kumandla okuqhekeza i-fiber optical, inxulumene nobukhulu bomgangatho wokugquma. Xa ubukhulu bengubo buyi-5 ~ 10μm, amandla okuqhawula yi-330kg / mm², kwaye xa ubukhulu bokutya buyi-100μm, bunokufikelela kwi-530kg / mm².
Isizathu sokuphulwa kwefayibha ngenxa yesiphene sobuso be-preform ngokwayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa i-fiber optical. Xa uxinezeleko lufunyenwe, uxinzelelo lugxininise kwisiphene. Xa uxinzelelo ludlula uluhlu oluthile, i-fiber iyaphuka.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-fiber optical ingaba nobomi benkonzo obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, i-fiber optical kufuneka ifakwe kuvavanyo lokuhlola amandla. Iifiber ezibonakalayo kuphela ezihlangabezana neemfuno ezinokuthi zisetyenziswe kwi-cabling.
Iimfuno zokuqina kwefayibha kumazwe angaphandle zibonisiwe kwitheyibhile.
Uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lwefiber optical lubandakanya:
(1) uxinzelelo lwefiber optical ngexesha lekhebhuli;
(2) Uxinzelelo lwefiber optical olubangelwa zizinto ezithile xa ubeka intambo ye-optical;
(3) Uxinzelelo lwefiber optical olubangelwa utshintsho lobushushu bendawo yokusebenza.
Ngokutsho kwedatha yangaphandle, xa uxinzelelo lwe-fiber optical luyi-0.5%, ubomi bayo bunokufikelela kwi-20 ukuya kwi-40 iminyaka.
