Okokuqala, kufuneka sicacise ingcamango: ukutshintshela umaleko wokufikelela, ukutshintshela umaleko wokudibanisa, kunye nokutshintsha kwe-maleko engundoqo ayilo ulwahlulo kunye neempawu zokutshintsha, kodwa zahlulwe yimisebenzi abayenzayo. Abanazo iimfuno ezimiselweyo, kwaye ubukhulu becala zixhomekeke kubungakanani bendawo yenethiwekhi, isakhono sokudlulisa isixhobo, kunye nendawo kwisakhiwo sothungelwano. Ngokomzekelo, ukutshintshwa kweLayer 2 efanayo kunokusetyenziswa kwinqanaba lokufikelela okanye kwi-aggregation layer kwizakhiwo ezahlukeneyo zenethiwekhi. Xa isetyenziswe kumaleko wofikelelo, iswitshi ibizwa ngokuba yi-access layer switch, kwaye xa isetyenziswa kwi-aggregation layer, iswitshi ibizwa ngokuba yi-aggregation layer switch.
Iimpawu kunye nomahluko wokufikelela kwinqanaba, umaleko wokudibanisa kunye nomgangatho ongundoqo
Uluhlu oluphambili lunokubonelela ngokugqithiswa kwe-interzone ngokufanelekileyo, i-aggregation layer inokubonelela ngoqhagamshelwano olusekelwe kumgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nomgangatho wokufikelela unokubonelela ngokufikelela komsebenzisi kwinethiwekhi yezicelo zeenkonzo ezininzi kunye nezinye izicelo zenethiwekhi.
1. Umaleko wokufikelela
Ngokwesiqhelo inxalenye yothungelwano ejongene ngqo nomsebenzisi ukudibanisa okanye ukufikelela kuthungelwano ibizwa ngokuba ngumaleko wofikelelo, olingana nabasebenzi bengca kwizakhiwo zequmrhu, ngoko ke ufikelelo lofikelelo.tshintshainexabiso eliphantsi kunye neempawu eziphezulu zokuxinana kwezibuko.
Umaleko wokufikelela unika abasebenzisi amandla okufikelela kwinkqubo yesicelo kwicandelo lenethiwekhi yendawo. Umaleko wokufikelela ubonelela nge-bandwidth eyaneleyo yokufikelela phakathi kwabasebenzisi abangabamelwane. Uluhlu lokufikelela lukwajongene nemisebenzi yolawulo lomsebenzisi (njengokuqinisekisa idilesi kunye nokuqinisekiswa komsebenzisi) kunye nokuqokelela ulwazi lomsebenzisi (njengeedilesi ze-IP, iidilesi ze-MAC, kunye neelogi zokufikelela).
2. Umaleko wokudibanisa
I-Aggregation layer, ekwaziwa ngokuba ngumaleko wokusasaza, "ngumlamli" phakathi komgangatho wofikelelo wothungelwano kunye nomaleko ongundoqo. Ilingana nolawulo oluphakathi lwenkampani kwaye isetyenziselwa ukudibanisa i-core layer kunye nomgangatho wokufikelela. Kwindawo ephakathi, i-convergence layer yenziwa phambi kokuba indawo yokusebenza ifikelele kumaleko angundoqo ukuze kuncitshiswe umthwalo wezixhobo ezingundoqo.
Akunzima ukuqonda ukuba umaleko wokudibanisa, okwaziwa ngokuba ngumaleko odityanisiweyo, unemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo efana nokuphumeza imigaqo-nkqubo, ukhuseleko, ufikelelo lweqela lomsebenzi, umzila phakathi kothungelwano lwendawo yengingqi (i-vlans), kunye nohluzo lwedilesi yomthombo okanye yendawo ekuyiwa kuyo. Kumaleko okudibanisa, atshintshaexhasa iTekhnoloji yokutshintsha kweLayer 3 kunye neVLAN kufuneka isetyenziswe ukufezekisa ukwahlukaniswa kwenethiwekhi kunye nokwahlulahlula.
3. Umaleko ongundoqo
Uluhlu oluphambili luyintsika yenethiwekhi, eqinisekisa ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yonke, kunye nezixhobo zayo zibandakanyaiirotha, i-firewall, i-core layer switches, njl., elingana nolawulo oluphezulu kwi-architecture yequmrhu.
Umaleko ongundoqo ubusoloko uthathwa njengomamkeli wokugqibela kunye ne-aggregator yazo zonke iitrafikhi, ngoko ke uyilo olungundoqo loyilo kunye neemfuno zezixhobo zenethiwekhi zingqongqo kakhulu, umsebenzi walo ikakhulu ukuphumeza usasazo olufanelekileyo phakathi kothungelwano lwe-backbone, umsebenzi woyilo lomqolo we-backbone ngokuqhelekileyo ugxininiso lokungafuneki, ukuthembeka kunye nokudluliselwa kwesantya esiphezulu. Ke ngoko, kuyafuneka ukuba izixhobo zomaleko ezingundoqo zamkele i-dual-system redundancy hot backup, kwaye umsebenzi wokulinganisa umthwalo ungasetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi. Umsebenzi wolawulo womnatha kufuneka uphunyezwe kwi-backbone layer kancinane kangangoko.
Umahluko phakathi kofikelelo umalekotshintsha, umaleko wokudityaniswatshintshakunye ne-core layertshintshayeyona nto iphambili kolu lwazi lungentla. Itshintshaekhankanywe ngasentla yeyemveliso zonxibelelwano ezishushu-ukuthengisa e Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology LTD., ezifana: Ethernettshintsha, Umjelo weFayibhatshintsha, Ethernet Fiber Channeltshintsha, njl., utshintsho olungentla lunokusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, ukunika ukhetho olungakumbi kubasebenzisi abaneemfuno ezahlukeneyo, bamkelekile ukuba baqonde, siya kubonelela ngenkonzo esemgangathweni.
