Ifayibha ye-Optical ihambisa imiqondiso ngendlela yee-pulses ezikhanyayo, kwaye isebenzisa iglasi okanye i-plexiglass njengendlela yokuhambisa inethiwekhi. Iqukethe i-fiber core, i-cladding kunye nesigqubuthelo sokukhusela. Ifayibha ye-Optical inokohlulwa ibe yifayibha yeNdlela enye kunye neFibre yeModi eNinzi.
I-fiber optical yemodi enye ibonelela kuphela indlela enye yokubona, enzima ukuyiqhuba, kodwa inomthamo omkhulu wokunxibelelana kunye nomgama omde wokuhambisa. I-Multimode fiber isebenzisa iindlela ezininzi ze-optical ukuhambisa isignali efanayo, kwaye isantya sokuhambisa silawulwa yi-refraction yokukhanya.
Ifiber ye-Optical isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukusasaza uthungelwano lonxibelelwano. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokudlulisa, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeefiber optical zikhethwa ngokuhambelana nokusingqongileyo kunye neemfuno zokuhambisa. Kukho ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zemicu ye-optical esetyenziswa kuthungelwano lwekhompyutha
A. 8.3pm core/125pm iqokobhe, intambo ye-optical mode enye;
B. 62.5um core / 125um iqokobhe, multimode intambo optical;
C. 5OPm core / 125pm iqokobhe, multimode intambo optical;
D. Loopm core / 140pm iqokobhe, multimode intambo optical.
Intambo ye-optical iqulunqwe kakhulu yimicu ye-optical (iinwele zeglasi zincinci njengeenwele) kunye nemikhono yokukhusela yeplastiki kunye neeshethi zeplastiki. Akukho sinyithi esifana negolide, isilivere, ubhedu kunye ne-aluminium kwintambo yokukhanya, kwaye akukho xabiso lokuphinda lisetyenziswe. Intambo yokukhanya ngumgca wonxibelelwano apho inani elithile leentsinga zamehlo zenza i-cable core ngendlela ethile, egqunywe nge-sheath kwaye enye iphinde ihlanganiswe ne-sheath yangaphandle ukuze iqonde ukuhanjiswa kwemiqondiso ye-optical. Oko kukuthi: intambo eyenziwe yi-fiber optical (i-optical transmission carrier) emva kwenkqubo ethile. Isakhiwo esisisiseko sentambo ye-optical ngokuqhelekileyo iqulunqwe yintsimbi yentambo, ucingo oluqinisiweyo lwensimbi, i-filler, kunye ne-sheath. Ukongeza, kukho amanye amacandelo anjengomaleko ongangeni manzi, umaleko we-buffer, kunye neengcingo zetsimbi ezigqunyiweyo njengoko zifuneka.
Esona sizathu siphambili sophuhliso olukhawulezayo lwentambo yefiber optic kukuba inezi mpawu zilandelayo:
1. I-bandwidth yothumelo ibanzi kakhulu kwaye amandla onxibelelwano makhulu kakhulu;
2. Ilahleko ephantsi yothumelo kunye nomgama omde we-relay, ulungele ngakumbi ukuhanjiswa komgama omde;
3. Ukuchasana nombane okunamandla kunye ne-anti-electromagnetic interference capabilities;
4. Imfihlo elungileyo, akukho lula ukuba ivalwe okanye ivalwe idatha;
5. Ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobunzima obulula;
6. Izinga lempazamo encinci kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu kothumelo;
7. Ixabiso liwa ngokuqhubekayo.
Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwentambo ye-optical ngokuqhelekileyo luqulunqwe ngumbilini wentambo, ucingo oluqinisiweyo lwentsimbi, i-filler, kunye ne-sheath. Ukongeza, kukho amanye amacandelo anjengomaleko ongangeni manzi, umaleko we-buffer, kunye neengcingo zetsimbi ezigqunyiweyo njengoko zifuneka. Intambo ye-optical yenziwe ngundoqo oqiniweyo kunye nentambo yentambo, i-sheath kunye ne-sheath yangaphandle. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zesakhiwo se-cable core: uhlobo olulodwa kunye nodidi lwe-multi-core: uhlobo olulodwa luneentlobo ezimbini: uhlobo olupheleleyo kunye nohlobo lwe-tube bundle; uhlobo lwe-multi-core luneentlobo ezimbini: i-ribhoni kunye nodidi lweyunithi. I-sheath yangaphandle ineentlobo ezimbini zezixhobo zetsimbi kunye nezingezona izixhobo.
Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwentambo ye-optical yahlulwe ngokubanzi kwezi nkqubo zilandelayo:
1. Ukuhlolwa kwefiber optical: khetha i-fiber optical eneempawu ezibalaseleyo zokuhambisa kunye noxinzelelo olufanelekileyo.
2. Ukungcoliswa kwefiber optical: Sebenzisa ichromatogram egcweleyo esemgangathweni ukuphawula, okungafunekiyo ukubuna kunye nokufuduka kwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu.
3. I-extrusion yesibini: sebenzisa iplastiki enemodyuli e-elastic ephezulu kunye ne-coefficient yokwandisa i-linear ephantsi ukuze idluliselwe kwityhubhu yobungakanani obuthile, faka ifayibha kwijeli yobungqina bokufuma kunye nejeli engenamanzi, kwaye uyigcine iintsuku ezimbalwa (kungekho ngaphantsi kwesibini. iintsuku).
4. Intambo yokukhanya ephothiweyo: jija iifiber ezininzi ze-optical extruded kunye neyunithi eqinisiweyo.
5. Cinezela i-sheath yangaphandle yekhebula le-optical cable: yongeza umaleko we-sheath kwintambo ye-optical ephothiweyo.