Ngakho-ke, kungani isivinini sokudlulisa sokuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic sishesha kangaka? Kuyini ukuxhumana kwe-fiber? Yiziphi izinzuzo kanye nokushiyeka kwayo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela zokuxhumana? Iziphi izindawo ubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa kuzo njengamanje?
Ukudlulisa ulwazi ngokukhanya ku-fiberglass.
Njengenethiwekhi enezintambo, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zeselula. Ekuphileni kwansuku zonke, ukuxhumana kwethu kweselula kusebenzisa amanethiwekhi angenantambo, futhi ukuba khona kokuxhumana okubonakalayo akubonakali kunamandla.
“Kodwa empeleni, ngaphezu kwe-90% yolwazi idluliselwa nge-fiber optics.Ifoni ephathekayo ixhunywe esiteshini sesisekelo ngenethiwekhi engenantambo, futhi ukudluliswa kwezibonakaliso phakathi kweziteshi eziyisisekelo ikakhulukazi kuncike ku-fiber optical."UHe Zhixue, isekela lomqondisi we-Optical System Research Office ye-State Key Laboratory ye-Optical Fiber Communication Network Technology, engxoxweni abe nayo ne-Science and Technology Daily.
I-Optical fiber iyi-fiber optical fibre emincane njengoboya, ingangcwatshwa ngokuqondile, phezulu, noma ibekwe phansi olwandle.Ngenxa yesisindo sayo esilula, ukunethezeka, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokukhiqiza izinto ezingavuthiwe, ekugcineni yathatha indawo yekhebula elikhulu. njengendlela yokudlulisa isignali evamile.
Ukukubeka kalula, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical kuyinto isicelo esivamile sokuxhumana optical, ezifana amalambu omgwaqo isibonakude, njll, basebenzisa umkhathi ukusabalalisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo, kungokwalabo ezibukwayo transmission zokuxhumana optical ukusetshenziswa ingilazi fibre ekukhanyeni. ulwazi lokudlulisela.
Uchwepheshe wezokuxhumana ngokubona utshele i-sci-tech nsuku zonke ukuthi amasignali okubonayo awola kancane ngesikhathi sokudluliselwa kunezimpawu zikagesi. Wachaza ukuthi, isibonelo, isignali ye-optical ibola ukusuka ku-1 kuya ku-0.99 ngemva kwamakhilomitha angu-100, kuyilapho isignali kagesi ibola kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-0.5 ngemva kwekhilomitha elingu-1 kuphela.
Ngokombono wesimiso, izakhi ezibonakalayo eziyisisekelo ezakha ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical umthombo wokukhanya wefiber optical kanye nomtshina obonakalayo.
Umthamo omkhulu kanye namandla okudlulisa amabanga amade
Ngokwemibiko, indlela yokugcina ye-fiber-optic broadband ukufinyelela i-fiber-to-the-home, okungukuthi, ukuxhuma ngokuqondile i-fiber endaweni edingwa umsebenzisi, ukuze ikwazi ukuthola inani elikhulu lolwazi ngokusebenzisa i-fiber.
“Indlela yokuxhumana okungenantambo isengozini yokuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic, kanti indlela yokudlulisa ikhebula kubiza ukuyibeka. Ngokuphambene, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical kunezinzuzo zomthamo omkhulu, amandla okudlulisa amabanga amade, ukugcinwa kuyimfihlo okuhle, kanye nokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-fiber incane ngosayizi futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa. Ukwakhiwa nokunakekelwa, amanani entengo yezinto ezingavuthiwe nawo aphansi uma kuqhathaniswa.” Kusho uZhixue.
Nakuba ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic kunalezi zinzuzo ezingenhla, ibhodi lakhona elifushane alinakuzitshwa. Isibonelo, i-fiber iyaphuka futhi iphuka kalula. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusika noma ukuxhuma i-fiber kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwedivayisi ethile. Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukwakhiwa kwedolobha noma izinhlekelele zemvelo kungabangela kalula ukwehluleka kwe-fiber line.
Ezisetshenziswa ezingokoqobo, ukugcwaliseka kokudluliswa kwe-fiber optical ikakhulukazi kuncike emshinini wokugcina odlulisa amehlo kanye nomshini wokuphela wokwamukela optical. Idivayisi yokugcina yokudlulisa amehlo ingalungisa kahle futhi iguqule isignali ye-electro-optical, ngaleyo ndlela iguqule isignali kagesi ibe isignali yokubona ephathwa i-optical fiber. Isiphetho sokwamukela optical senza ukuguqulwa okuhlanekezelwe futhi singaphinda sinciphise isignali kagesi.Isiphetho sokwamukela optical kanye nesiphetho sokudlulisa amehlo sixhunywe ngesixhumi kwikhebula le-optical ukubona ukudluliswa, ukudluliswa, ukwamukela nokuboniswa kolwazi.
Imishini ehlobene yokukhiqiza ephezulu incike ekuthengisweni kwamanye amazwe
Imicu yokubona esetshenziswa kakhulu ikakhulukazi imicu yokubona enemodi eyodwa. Ngokombono, isivinini sokudluliswa kolwazi ngesikhathi seyunithi cishe singu-140 Tbit/s. Uma isivinini sokudlulisa ulwazi sifinyelela kulo mkhawulo, sizodala ukuminyana kolwazi. I-fiber yemodi eyodwa ngokuvamile iyifayibha engadlulisa imodi eyodwa kuphela.
Njengamanje, ukuxhumana okujwayelekile kwe-fiber optical yemodi eyodwa kungenye yezindlela zokuxhumana ezivame ukusetshenziswa opharetha. Umthamo wokudlulisa wale modi ngu-16 Tbit/s, ongakafinyeleli inani lomkhawulo wethiyori. “Irekhodi elisha le-1.06Pbit/s, elanyatheliswa ekuqaleni kwalo nyaka, liwumphumela wokuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana be-fiber-optic yemodi eyodwa, kodwa ijubane elinjalo kunzima ukulifinyelela ekusetshenzisweni kwezentengiso esikhathini esifushane isikhathi.” Kusho uZhixue.
Ngobuchwepheshe, uma kuqhathaniswa nemodi eyodwa, imodi yokudlulisa i-fiber eminingi inezinzuzo ezinkulu ekufinyeleleni isivinini esikhulu, kodwa le modi isahamba phambili, futhi ukuphumelela okwengeziwe kuyadingeka kubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko, izingxenye ezibalulekile, namadivayisi we-hardware. .
Ngemuva kweminyaka emi-5 kuye kweyi-10, ngaphansi komfutho wezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza, ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile be-1.06Pbit/s ultra-large umthamo wemodi eyodwa ye-multi-core optical fiber transmission system ingase iqale isetshenziswe kwezinye izimo ezikhethekile, ezifana nokudluliswa kwe-transoceanic kanye nokunye. isikhungo sedatha esikhulu.” Kusho uZhixue.
Njengamanje, ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana obubonakalayo baseChina bungaqhudelana nezinga elithuthukile lamazwe ngamazwe, kodwa lusabhekene nobunzima obuningi. Isibonelo, isisekelo sezimboni esifanelekile sibuthakathaka, asinakho okwangempela kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuzimela, kanye nezinto zokusetshenziswa ze-fiber optic ezinganele. "Okwamanje, izinto ezisetshenziswayo ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezidingekayo ukwenza izinto ze-fiber ezifana nokudweba izintambo nokufaka i-fiber winding zincike ekuthengeni kwamanye amazwe." Kusho uZhixue.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, amadivaysi aphezulu kanye nama-chips ahlobene nokuxhumana kwe-fiber optical alawulwa ikakhulukazi amazwe athuthukile njenge-United States ne-Japan.
Mayelana nalokhu, u-He Zhixue uphakamise ukuthi kuyadingeka ukuqinisa ucwaningo oluyisisekelo olubalulekile, ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle wesakhiwo sesikhathi eside sobuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo, ukubikezela inkambiso yentuthuko yobuchwepheshe, futhi uphume emjikelezweni wokuphindaphinda wezobuchwepheshe "wokulandelela. -ukulandelela kabusha-nokubuyela emuva”.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-He Zhixue ugcizelele ukuthi kuyadingeka ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, ukuklama nokucutshungulwa kwama-chips asezingeni eliphezulu namadivayisi asezingeni eliphezulu, ukugqugquzela umdlandla wamathalenta e-R&D, nokugxila ekuvikeleni impumelelo yokuqala. "Ikakhulukazi, kufanele senze umklamo osezingeni eliphezulu, sizuze ukusebenzisana kanye nokusungula izinto ezintsha kubasebenzi, ingqalasizinda, kanye nezinqubomgomo, futhi sithuthukise amakhono okusekela ezimbonini ezihambisanayo," esho.