Uhlolojikelele lwe-Power Over Electricity (POE)
I-POE (Power Over Ethernet) ibhekisela kwamanye amatheminali asekelwe ku-IP (njengamafoni e-IP, izindawo zokufinyelela ze-LAN ezingenantambo AP, amakhamera enethiwekhi, njll.) ngaphandle kokushintsha ingqalasizinda yezintambo ze-Ethernet Cat.5 ekhona. Ngenkathi idlulisa amasignali edatha, ihlinzeka ngobuchwepheshe bokuhlinzeka ngogesi we-DC kumadivayisi anjalo. Ubuchwepheshe be-POE bungaqinisekisa ukusebenza okuvamile kwenethiwekhi ekhona kuyilapho kuqinisekiswa ukuphepha kwekhebula ehleliwe ekhona, futhi kunciphise izindleko.
I-POE yaziwa nangokuthi isistimu yokuphakela amandla esekelwe kunethiwekhi yendawo (POL, Power over LAN) noma i-Active Ethernet (Active Ethernet), ngezinye izikhathi ebizwa nangokuthi Amandla phezu kwe-Ethernet ngamafuphi. Lokhu okokusebenzisa izintambo zokudlulisela ezijwayelekile ze-Ethernet ukudlulisa idatha nedatha ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amazinga akamuva kanye nokucaciswa kwamandla kagesi, nokugcina ukuhambisana nezinhlelo ezikhona ze-Ethernet nabasebenzisi. Izinga le-IEEE 802.3af liyindinganiso entsha esekelwe ku-POE yohlelo lwe-Power-over-Ethernet. Yengeza amazinga ahlobene okunikezwa kwamandla okuqondile ngamakhebuli enethiwekhi ngesisekelo se-IEEE 802.3. Kuyisandiso sezinga elikhona le-Ethernet kanye nezinga lokuqala lamazwe ngamazwe lokusabalalisa amandla. ejwayelekile.
I-IEEE yaqala ukuthuthukisa izinga ngo-1999, futhi abathengisi bokuqala ababebambe iqhaza kwakuyi-3Com, Intel, PowerDsine, Nortel, Mitel, kanye ne-National Semiconductor. Kodwa-ke, ukushiyeka kwaleli zinga bekukhawulela ukwanda kwemakethe. Kuze kube nguJuni 2003, i-IEEE igunyaze izinga le-802.3af, elicacise ngokusobala izinkinga zokuthola amandla nokulawula kumasistimu akude, futhi axhunyiwe.imizila, amaswishi, namahabhu kumafoni we-IP, amasistimu okuvikela, namanethiwekhi endawo angenantambo ngamakhebula e-Ethernet. Linganisa imodi yokunikezwa kwamandla kwemishini njengamaphoyinti. Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-IEEE 802.3af kufaka phakathi imizamo yochwepheshe abaningi benkampani, okuvumela futhi izinga ukuthi lihlolwe ngokugcwele.
Ukwakheka kwesistimu ye-POE namapharamitha wesici sokuphakelwa kwamandla
Uhlelo lwe-POE luhlanganisa okokusebenza okuphakela amandla (PSE, Power Sourcing Equipment) kanye nezingxenye zokuthola amandla (PD, Power Device) izingxenye. Idivayisi ye-PSE iyisisetshenziswa esinikeza amandla emishinini yamaklayenti amabili, futhi iyisisetshenziswa esinikeza amandla kuyo yonke i-POE. Idivayisi ye-PD yi-PSE eyamukela amandla, okungukuthi, idivayisi yeklayenti yohlelo lwe-POE, njengamafoni e-IP, ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, ama-APs, nama-PDA. ) Noma amanye amadivaysi amaningi afana nomakhalekhukhwini namakhompyutha (amancane, noma iyiphi idivayisi enamandla angaphezu kuka-13W ingathola amandla ahambisanayo esibonakalayo se-RJ45). Ayincikile ezingeni le-IEEE 802.3af ukuze kusungulwe ukuxhumana kolwazi mayelana nesimo sokuxhuma, uhlobo lwedivayisi, kanye nezinga ledivayisi yokugcina eyamukelayo i-PD, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo inikeze amandla ku-PD ngokuya nge-PSE.
Imingcele yesici sokuphakelwa kwamandla eyinhloko yesistimu yokuhlinzeka ngamandla kagesi ye-POE yilezi:
◆I-voltage iphakathi kuka-44V no-57V, enenani elijwayelekile elingu-48V.
◆Inani eliphezulu elivumelekile lamanje ngu-550mA, kanti umkhawulo wokuqala wamanje ngu-500mA.
◆Isilinganiso samanje sokusebenza singu-10～350mA, kanti amandla amanje agcwele kakhulu ngu-350～500mA.
◆Ngaphansi kwezimo zokungalayishi, ubukhulu obudingekayo bamanje ngu-5mA.
◆Nikeza ngamaleveli amahlanu ezicelo zamandla kagesi ukusuka ku-3.84 ukuya ku-12.95W wezinto zokusebenza ze-PD, nenani elikhulu elingekho ngaphezu kuka-13W.
Inqubo yokusebenza yokunikezwa kwamandla ka-POE
Lapho kuntanta okokusebenza kwetheminali kagesi ye-PSE kunethiwekhi, inqubo yokusebenza yokuphakelwa kukagesi ye-POE imi kanje.
◆Ukutholwa: Ekuqaleni, i-voltage ekhishwa yidivayisi ye-PSE esikhumulweni ize ithole ukuthi uxhumo lwetheminali yedatha iyidivayisi yokwamukela amandla esekela izinga le-IEEE 802.3af.
◆ Ukuhlukaniswa kwedivayisi ye-PD: Ngemva kokuthola idivayisi yokwamukela amandla i-PD, idivayisi ye-PSE ingase ihlukanise idivayisi ye-PD futhi ihlole ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okudingeka idivayisi ye-PD.
◆Qalisa ukunikezwa kwamandla: Ngesikhathi esilungisekayo (ngokuvamile ngaphansi kuka-15μs) ukuze kuqaliswe ukunikezwa kwamandla, idivayisi ye-PSE iqala ukunikeza amandla kudivayisi ye-PD isuka ku-voltage ephansi ize inikeze ugesi ongu-48V.
◆Ukunikezwa kwamandla: Nikeza nge-48V eguquguqukayo engaphezu kwe-voltage ye-PD ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesikhathi esengeziwe samandla sezinto ze-PD ezingadluli u-15.4W.
◆Cisha amandla: Uma idivayisi ye-PD inqanyuliwe kunethiwekhi, i-PSE izoshesha (imvamisa phakathi kuka-30-400ms) iyeke ukunika amandla idivayisi ye-PD, futhi iphinda inqubo yokuthola ukuze ithole ukuthi ingabe itheminali yedatha ixhunywe kudivayisi ye-PD.
Uma uxhuma noma iyiphi idivayisi yenethiwekhi ku-PSE, i-PSE kufanele iqale ithole ukuthi idivayisi akuyona i-PD ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayinikezi okwamanje kumadivayisi angahlangabezani nezinga le-POE, elingabangela umonakalo. Ingabonakala ngokubheka i-voltage encane yamanje kagesi ukuze uhlole ukuthi ibanga linezici ezihlangabezana nezidingo. Kuphela uma ukutholwa kufinyelelwa lapho amandla kagesi angu-48V aphelele anganikezwa, yamanje isekhona, futhi okokusebenza kwetheminali okufushane kakhulu kungase kube nesimo sephutha. . Njenge-PD enwetshiwe yenqubo yokutholwa, ingaphinda ihlukanise amamodi okunikezwa kwamandla adinga i-PSE, futhi inikeze i-PSE ukuthi inikeze amandla ngendlela ephumelelayo. I-PSE iqala ukunikeza amandla. Izoqhubeka nokuqapha okokufaka kwe-PD yamanje. Uma ukusetshenziswa kwamanje kwe-PD kwehla ngaphansi kwenani eliphansi, njengalapho idivayisi inqanyuliwe noma ihlangabezana nokusetshenziswa kwamandla okweqile kwedivayisi ye-PD, i-short circuit, noma amandla okunikezwa kwamandla okudlula i-PSE, i-PSE izobhubhisa ukunikezwa kwamandla futhi iqale ukutholwa. cubungula futhi.
Idivayisi yokuphakela amandla ingase futhi inikezwe amandla esistimu, isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwephrothokholi yenethiwekhi elula (SNMP). Umsebenzi ungahlinzeka ngemisebenzi efana nokuthola kabusha kanye nokuphathwa kokutakula.
Kungenzeka ukufunda imodi yokudlulisela ye-POE. Kunezindaba ezimbili ezibalulekile okufanele zicatshangelwe ohlelweni lokuhlinzeka, okuwukuhlonza okokusebenza kwe-PD, kanti enye ikhono le-UPS ohlelweni.