1.PON Isingeniso

(1)Yini i-PON

Ubuchwepheshe be-PON (inethiwekhi ye-passive optical) (okubandakanya i-EPON, i-GPON) iwubuchwepheshe bokuqalisa obuyinhloko bokuthuthukiswa kwe-FTTx (i-fiber ekhaya). Ingagcina izinsiza ze-fiber yomgogodla kanye namazinga enethiwekhi, futhi ingahlinzeka ngamakhono omkhawulokudonsa ophezulu wezindlela ezimbili ngaphansi kwezimo zokudlulisa amabanga amade. Kunezinhlobo ezicebile zezinsizakalo zokufinyelela, futhi amandla ayo okuphatha akude kanye nesakhiwo senethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ye-optical passive kunganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokusebenza nezokulungisa, futhi kungasekela izimo zohlelo lokusebenza eziningi.

(2) Ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-PON

Selokhu kwavela i-PON, isineminyaka eminingi ithuthuka, yenza uchungechunge lwemiqondo, ukucaciswa nokulandelana kwemikhiqizo efana ne-APON, BPON, EPON, ne-GPON.

I-APON (ATMPON)

I-ATM iyiphrothokholi yokudlulisa esekwe kumaseli. I-155Mb/s yesistimu ye-PON imininingwane yobuchwepheshe, amazinga ochungechunge lwe-ITU-TG.983;

I-BPON (BroadbandPON)

Izinga le-APON kamuva laqiniswa ukuze lisekele izinga lokudlulisela elingu-622Mb/s, kuyilapho kwenezelwa imisebenzi efana nokwabiwa komkhawulokudonsa oguquguqukayo nokuvikelwa.

I-EPON (Ethernet PON)

I-GPON (GigabitPON)

(3) Ubuchwepheshe bokufinyelela i-Optical fibre

2.EPON isingeniso

(1) Yini i-EPON?

I-EPON (i-Ethernet Passive Optical Network) iwuhlobo lwesakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-point-to-multipoint, indlela yokudlulisa i-fiber optical, esekelwe kusiteji se-Ethernet esinesivinini esikhulu kanye ne-TDM (isikhathi sokuhlukaniswa kwe-multiplexing) indlela yokulawula ukufinyelela kwemidiya ye-MAC, ehlinzeka nge-multiple An. ubuchwepheshe obudidiyelwe bokufinyelela ku-broadband.

Isistimu ye-EPON isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-WDM ukuze ibone ukudluliswa kwe-wirirectional ye-fiber eyodwa.

(2) Isimiso se-EPON

Ukuze kuhlukaniswe amasignali angenayo naphumayo amapheya amaningi abasebenzisi ku-fiber efanayo, izindlela ezimbili ezilandelayo zokuphindaphinda ziyasetshenziswa.

a. Ukusakazwa kwedatha okwehlayo kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokusakaza.

b. Ukusakazwa kwedatha okukhuphukayo kusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-TDMA.

(3)Umgomo we-EPON-downstream

a. Nikeza i-LLID ehlukile ngemuva kwe-I-ONUibhaliswe ngempumelelo.

b. Engeza i-LLID ngaphambi kokuqala kwephakethe ngalinye ukuze ufake esikhundleni samabhayithi amabili okugcina esandulelo se-Ethernet.

c. Qhathanisa uhlu lokubhalisa lwe-LLID laphoOLTithola idatha. Lapho i-I-ONUithola idatha, ithola kuphela ozimele noma ozimele abasakazayo abafana ne-LLID yayo.

(4) Isimiso se-EPON-Uplink

a. Qhathanisa uhlu lokubhalisa lwe-LLID ngaphambi kweOLTithola idatha.

b. NgamunyeI-ONUithumela uhlaka lwedatha esikhaleni sesikhathi esabelwe izinto zasehhovisi ngokufanayo.

c. Isikhathi esabiwe sinxephezela igebe lebanga phakathi kweAma-ONUfuthi igwema ukungqubuzana phakathi kweAma-ONU.

(5) Inqubo yokusebenza yohlelo lwe-EPON

OLTukusebenza

a. Khiqiza imilayezo yesitembu sesikhathi ngesikhathi sereferensi yesistimu.

b. Yabela umkhawulokudonsa ngokusebenzisa ozimele be-MPCP. 3. Yenza imisebenzi ehlukahlukene.

c. LawulaI-ONUukubhaliswa.

I-ONUukusebenza

a. II-ONUivumelanisa neOLTngokusebenzisa isitembu sesikhathi sohlaka lokulawula olwehla nomfula.

b. I-ONUilinda uhlaka lokutholwa.

c. I-ONUyenza ukucutshungulwa kokutholakala, okuhlanganisa: ukuhluka, ukucacisa i-ID ebonakalayo kanye nomkhawulokudonsa.

d. I-ONUilindele ukugunyazwa,I-ONUingathumela idatha kuphela ngesikhathi esigunyaziwe.

(6) Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-EPON

Uhlelo lokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-EPON luhlukaniswe ngamamojula amane ngokusho kwemisebenzi yokuphatha inethiwekhi: ukuphathwa kokucushwa, ukuphathwa kokusebenza, ukuphathwa kwamaphutha kanye nokuphathwa kokuphepha.

(7) Ukufezekiswa kohlelo lokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-EPON

a. Ukugcwaliseka kohlelo lokuphatha inethiwekhi ye-EPON kufaka phakathi ukugcwaliseka kwesofthiwe yokuphatha inethiwekhi yesiteshi sokuphatha kanye nokufezekiswa kwesofthiwe yesiteshi se-ejenti.

b. Uhlelo lokuphatha inethiwekhi yesiteshi sokuphatha luyibhizinisi elilawulayo elinikeza abasebenzisi isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenzisanayo futhi lisebenzisa iphrothokholi ye-SNMP ukuphatha inqubo ye-ejenti.

c. Ukugcwaliseka kwe-SNMP esiteshini somenzeli ikakhulukazi kuhlanganisa ukugcwaliseka kwesofthiwe yenqubo ye-ejenti kanye nomklamo nokuhlelwa kwe-MIB.

3. Isingeniso se-GPON

(1) Yini i-GPON?

I-GPON (I-Gigabit-CapablePON I-Gigabit Passive Optical Network) ubuchwepheshe yisizukulwane sakamuva se-broadband passive optical integrate access standard esekelwe ezingeni le-ITU-TG.984.x (International Telecommunication Union TG.984.x), elinomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukumbozwa okukhulu, isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi nokunye okuningi. izinzuzo zithathwa abaningi opharetha njengobuchwepheshe obufanele bokubona i-broadband kanye noguquko oluphelele lwezinsiza zenethiwekhi.

(2) Umgomo we-GPON

Ukusakazwa kwe-GPON phansi komfula

Imodi ye-GPONS upstream-TDMA

I-topology yenethiwekhi ye-passive optical fiber transmission mode yakhiwe ikakhulukaziOLT(Optical line terminal), ODN (optical distribution network), kanyeI-ONU(iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical).

I-ODN inikeza izindlela zokudlulisa amehlo zeOLTfuthiI-ONU. Iqukethe isihlukanisi se-passive optical kanye nesihlanganisi se-passive optical. Kuyidivayisi ye-passive exhumayoOLTfuthiI-ONU.

(3) Umgomo we-GPON ukuya phezulu

a. Ukudluliswa kwedatha ekhuphukayo kulawulwa ngokufanayo yi-OLT.

b. II-ONUidlulisa idatha yomsebenzisi ngokuya kwesikhathi esabiwe yi-OLTukugwema izingxabano zokudluliswa kwedatha okukhiqizwa yi-I-ONU.

c. II-ONUifaka idatha ye-uplink esikhaleni sayo sesikhathi ngokuya ngohlaka lwesabelo sesikhathi, iqaphela ukwabelana komkhawulokudonsa wesiteshi se-uplink phakathi kokuningiAma-ONU.

(4) Imodi yenethiwekhi ye-GPON

I-GPON isebenzisa kakhulu izindlela ezintathu zokuxhumana: i-FTTH/O, i-FTTB+LAN ne-FTTB+DSL.

a. I-FTTH/O iyifayibha eya ekhaya/ehhovisi. Ngemuva kokuthi i-fiber optical ingena ku-splitter, ixhunywe ngokuqondile kumsebenzisiI-ONU. AnI-ONUisetshenziswa kuphela umsebenzisi oyedwa, enomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nezindleko eziphakeme, futhi ngokuvamile ihloselwe abasebenzisi abasezingeni eliphezulu nabasebenzisi bezentengiselwano.

b. I-FTTB+LAN isebenzisa i-fiber ukuze ifinyelele esakhiweni, bese ixhuma izinsiza ezahlukene kubasebenzisi abaningi ngomthamo omkhulu.I-ONU(ebizwa nge-MDU). Ngakho-ke, abasebenzisi abaningi babelana ngezinsiza zomkhawulokudonsa zoyedwaI-ONU, futhi umuntu ngamunye unomkhawulokudonsa ophansi kanye nezindleko eziphansi. , Ngokujwayelekile kubasebenzisi bezindawo zokuhlala ezisezingeni eliphansi nabasezingeni eliphansi.

c. I-FTTB+ADSL isebenzisa i-fiber ukuze ifinyelele esakhiweni, bese isebenzisa i-ADSL ukuxhuma izinsiza kubasebenzisi abaningi, futhi abasebenzisi abaningi babelane ngeI-ONU. Umkhawulokudonsa, izindleko kanye nesisekelo samakhasimende ziyefana nalezo ze-FTTB+LAN.

4. Ukuqhathanisa ubuchwepheshe be-GPON ne-EPON

Ngokubheka izici ezihlukene ze-GPON kanye nobuchwepheshe be-EPON, ukuhlaziywa okulandelayo kungenziwa kulobu buchwepheshe obubili.

(1) I-GPON isekela amazinga esilinganiso ahlukahlukene, futhi ingasekela izilinganiso zokukhuphuka komfula kanye naphansi komfula. I-GPON ine-leeway enkulu ekukhethweni kwezingxenye ze-optical, ngaleyo ndlela yehlise izindleko.

(2) I-EPON isekela kuphela amazinga e-ODN Ekilasi A no-B, kuyilapho i-GPON ikwazi ukusekela Ikilasi A, B kanye no-C, ukuze i-GPON ikwazi ukusekela isilinganiso esifinyelela ku-128 sokuhlukaniswa kanye nebanga elifinyelela ku-20km lokudlulisela.

(3） Qhathanisa kuphela kusukela kuphrothokholi, ngoba izinga le-EPON lisekelwe esakhiweni sesistimu ye-802.3, ngakho-ke uma kuqhathaniswa nezinga le-GPON, ukubekwa kwephrothokholi yayo kulula futhi ukuqaliswa kwesistimu kulula.

(4） I-ITU ilandele imiqondo eminingi yezinga le-APON elingu-G.983 ngesikhathi kwakhiwa izinga le-GPON, eliphelele kakhulu kunezinga le-EPON elakhiwe yi-EFM. Ukuhlinzekwa kwendlela yongqimba ye-TC esebenza kahle kakhulu kuzoba iphuzu elibalulekile le-ITU ekwakheni amazinga e-GPON.

(5) Izinga le-GPON libeka ukuthi isendlalelo esingaphansi se-TC singasebenzisa izindlela ezimbili zokuhlanganisa, i-ATM ne-GFP. Indlela ye-GFP encapsulation ifanele ukuthwala i-IP/PPP namanye amaphrothokholi asuselwa kuphakethe asezingeni eliphezulu.