I-EPON ne-GPON banokufaneleka kwabo. Kusukela kunkomba yokusebenza, i-GPON iphakeme kune-EPON, kodwa i-EPON inezinzuzo zesikhathi nezindleko. I-GPON iyabamba. Uma sibheke phambili emakethe yokufinyelela ye-broadband yesikhathi esizayo, kungase kungabi ukuthi ubani othatha indawo kabani, kufanele kuhlalisane futhi kuhambisane. Ukuze uthole umkhawulokudonsa, izinsizakalo eziningi, i-QoS ephezulu kanye nezidingo zokuphepha, kanye namakhasimende anobuchwepheshe be-ATM njengenethiwekhi yomgogodla, i-GPON izofaneleka kakhulu. Kumaqembu amakhasimende azwela izindleko, i-QoS, kanye nokuphepha okuphansi, i-EPON isihamba phambili.
Yini i-PON?
Ubuchwepheshe bokufinyelela ku-Broadband buyadlondlobala, bumiselwe ukuba yinkundla yempi lapho intuthu ingasoze yashabalala. Njengamanje, umkhakha wasekhaya usewubuchwepheshe be-ADSL, kodwa abakhiqizi bemishini abaningi ngokwengeziwe kanye nabaqhubi baphendule ukunaka kwabo kubuchwepheshe bokufinyelela kwenethiwekhi ye-optical.
Izintengo zethusi ziyaqhubeka nokukhuphuka, amanani entengo yekhebula yokubona ayaqhubeka ehla, futhi isidingo esikhulayo somkhawulokudonsa ovela ku-IPTV nezinsizakalo zegeyimu yevidiyo kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwe-FTTH. Amathemba aqhakazile okushintsha izintambo ze-coaxial zethusi nezintambo ngezintambo zokubona, ucingo, i-cable TV, ne-broadband data triplet acaca kakhudlwana.
Inethiwekhi ye-PON (Inethiwekhi ye-Passive OpTIcal) iwubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokuthola ifayibha ye-FTTH ekhaya, ehlinzeka ngokufinyelela i-point-to-multipoint fiber. Njengoba kukhonjisiwe kuMfanekiso 1, uqukethe i-OLT(itheminali yomugqa wokubona) ohlangothini lwehhovisi kanye nohlangothi lomsebenzisi IhlanganisweI-ONU(Optical Network Unit) kanye ne-ODN (Optical Distribution Network). Ngokuvamile, indlela eya phansi isebenzisa ukusakaza kwe-TDM kanti eya phezulu isebenzisa i-TDMA (Isigaba Sesikhathi Sokufinyelela Okuningi) ukuze kwakhiwe i-topology yesihlahla esikhomba-kuya-kumaphuzu amaningi. I-PON, njengendawo enkulu ekhanyayo yobuchwepheshe bokufinyelela kokubona, “ayinalutho”. I-ODN ayinazo izisetshenziswa zikagesi ezisebenzayo kanye nempahla yamandla kagesi. Wonke akhiwe ngamadivaysi angenzi lutho njengama-optical splitters (Splitter). Izindleko zokuphatha, ukunakekela kanye nokusebenza ziphansi.
Izici zobuchwepheshe ze-EPON ne-GPON
I-EPON ihlose ukusebenzisana nobuchwepheshe bamanje be-Ethernet. Ukuqhubeka kwephrothokholi ye-802.3 kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela optical. Izuza ngokugcwele izinzuzo zamanani aphansi e-Ethernet, izivumelwano ezivumelana nezimo, nobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe. Inemakethe ebanzi nokuhambisana okuhle. I-GPON ibekwe embonini yezokuxhumana ngezidingo zezinsizakalo eziningi, ukufinyelela kwenkonzo egcwele ngesiqinisekiso se-QoS, futhi ilwela ukuthola isisombululo esifanele esisekela zonke izinsizakalo futhi esisebenza kahle kakhulu, iphakamisa “ukucatshangelwa kabusha okuvulekile nokuphelele kwazo zonke izivumelwano ngokukhululekile. ”.
Izici zobuchwepheshe ze-EPON zimi kanje:
1) I-Ethernet iyisithwali esingcono kakhulu sokuphatha izinsizakalo ze-IP;
2) Ukugcinwa okulula, ukunwetshwa kulula, kulula ukuthuthukisa;
3) Imishini ye-EPON ivuthiwe futhi iyatholakala. I-EPON ibeke izigidi zemigqa e-Asia. Ama-chips esizukulwane sesithathu esethulwe. Izintengo zamamojula ahlobene optical kanye nama-chips ehle kakhulu, afinyelela esikalini sokusetshenziswa kwezentengiso, esingahlangabezana nezidingo zebhizinisi le-broadband zakamuva;
4) Iphrothokholi ye-EPON ilula futhi izindleko zokuqalisa ziphansi, futhi izindleko zemishini ziphansi. Ubuchwepheshe obufaneleke kakhulu buyadingeka kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela ku-metro, hhayi ubuchwepheshe obungcono kakhulu;
I-5) Ilungele kakhulu inethiwekhi yasekhaya, yedolobha elikhulu ngaphandle komthwalo wemishini ye-ATM noma ye-BPON;
I-6) Ifaneleka kakhulu ikusasa, i-IP iphatha zonke izinsizakalo, futhi i-Ethernet ithwala izinsizakalo ze-IP.
Izici zobuchwepheshe ze-GPON zimi kanje:
1) Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela yemisebenzi ye-telecom;
I-2) Umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu: isilinganiso somugqa, phansi komfula 2.488Gb / s, umfula okhuphukayo 1.244Gb / s; I-3) Ukusebenza kahle kokudlulisa: ukuziphatha okuphansi kwe-94% (umkhawulokudonsa wangempela kuze kufike ku-2.4G) ukuziphatha okuphezulu kwe-93% (umkhawulokudonsa wangempela kuze kufike ku-1.1G);
3) Ukusekelwa kwesevisi ephelele: Izinga le-G.984.X lichaza ngokuqinile ukusekelwa kwezinsizakalo ezigcwele zebanga lenkampani yenethiwekhi (izwi, idatha nevidiyo);
I-4) Ikhono lokuphatha elinamandla: ngemisebenzi ecebile, isizinda esanele se-OAM sigcinwe esakhiweni sefreyimu, futhi amazinga e-OMCI ayakhiwa;
I-5) Ikhwalithi yesevisi ephezulu: amazinga amaningi we-QoS angaqinisekisa ngokuqinile umkhawulokudonsa kanye nezidingo zokulibaziseka kwebhizinisi;
6) Izindleko eziphelele eziphansi: Ibanga elide lokudlulisela kanye nesilinganiso sokuhlukaniswa okuphezulu, esabalalisa ngempumeleloOLTizindleko futhi kunciphisa izindleko zokufinyelela komsebenzisi.
Yikuphi okungcono, i-EPON vs GPON?
1. Izindinganiso ezithathwe yi-EPON kanye ne-GPON zihlukile. Kungashiwo ukuthi i-GPON ithuthuke kakhulu futhi ingadlulisela umkhawulokudonsa omningi, futhi ingaletha abasebenzisi abaningi kune-EPON. I-GPON yavela kubuchwepheshe bokuqala be-APON \ BPON bokuxhumana kwe-fiber optical, eyasungulwa kulokhu. Ifomethi yohlaka lwe-ATM isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ukusakaza kwekhodi. I-E ye-EPON ibhekisela ku-Ethernet exhumene, ngakho-ke ekuqaleni kokuzalwa kwe-EPON, kwakudingeka ukuthi ikwazi ukuxhuma ngokuqondile nangokukhululekile ne-inthanethi, ukuze ukusakaza kwekhodi ye-EPON ifomethi yefreyimu ye-Ethernet. Yebo, ukuze uvumelane nokudluliswa kwe-fiber optical, ifomethi yefreyimu echazwe yi-EPON isongwe ngaphandle kohlaka lwefomethi yefreyimu ye-Ethernet.
2. Izinga le-EPON lithi IEEE 802.3ah. Umgomo oyisisekelo we-IEEE ukwenza izinga le-EPON ukulinganisa i-EPON ngaphakathi kwezakhiwo ezingu-802.3 ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi kwandiswe iphrothokholi ye-MAC ye-Ethernet evamile ibe sezingeni elincane.
3. Izinga le-GPON uchungechunge lwamazinga e-ITU-TG.984. Ukwakhiwa kwezinga le-GPON kucabangela ukusekelwa kwezinsizakalo ze-TDM ezivamile futhi kuyaqhubeka nokusebenzisa uhlaka olumisiwe lwe-125ms ukuze kugcinwe ukuqhubeka kwesikhathi kwe-8K. Ukuze kusekelwe amaphrothokholi amaningi njenge-ATM, i-GPON ichaza isakhiwo esisha sha sokufaka i-GEM: GPONEncapsulaTIonMethod. Idatha ye-ATM namanye amaphrothokholi ingaxutshwa futhi ihlanganiswe ibe ozimele.
4. Mayelana nesicelo, i-GPON inomkhawulokudonsa omkhulu kune-EPON, umphathi wayo wesevisi usebenza kahle kakhulu, futhi ikhono layo lokuhlukanisa i-optical linamandla. Ingakwazi ukudlulisa izinsizakalo ezinkulu zomkhawulokudonsa, ibone ukufinyelela okwengeziwe komsebenzisi, inake kakhulu isiqinisekiso se-QoS sezinsizakalo eziningi, kodwa ifinyelele okwengeziwe Iyinkimbinkimbi, okwenza izindleko zayo zibe phezulu kakhulu kune-EPON, kodwa ngokusetshenziswa okukhulu. yobuchwepheshe be-GPON, umehluko wezindleko phakathi kwe-GPON ne-EPON uyancipha kancane kancane.