I-FTTH Fiber Circuit Classification

Ungqimba lokudlulisela lwe-FTTH luhlukaniswe izigaba ezintathu: iluphu ye-Duplex (i-dual fiber bidirectional), iluphu ye-Simplex (i-fiber eyodwa bidirectional) kanye ne-Triplex (i-fiber eyodwa yendlela emithathu) loop.OLTukuphela kanyeI-ONUEkugcineni, enye indlela ingaphansi komfula, futhi isignali ivela ku-OLTukuphela kweI-ONUukuphela; enye indlela ikhuphuka nomfula, futhi isignali ivela ku-I-ONUukuphela kweOLTend.Simplex single-fiber loop ibizwa nangokuthi i-Bidirectional, noma i-BIDI ngamafuphi. Lesi sixazululo sisebenzisa i-fiber optical eyodwa kuphela ukuxhumaOLTukuphela kanyeI-ONUekugcineni, futhi isebenzisa i-WDM ukuze idlulisele amasignali akhuphuka nomfula kanye namasignali optical amaza ahlukene ahlukene. Uma kuqhathaniswa namasekhethi e-Duplex dual-fiber, lesi sijikelezo se-fiber eyodwa sisebenzisa i-WDM transmission singanciphisa inani le-fiber esetshenziswa ngesigamu futhi kunciphise izindlekoI-ONUisiphetho somsebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, lapho kusetshenziswa indlela ye-fiber eyodwa, i-splitter kanye nesihlanganisi kufanele yethulwe kumojula ye-transceiver optical.Kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane kunemodule ye-transceiver optical usebenzisa indlela ye-dual fiber. Isiginali ye-BIDI ekhuphukayo yomfula isebenzisa ukudluliswa kwe-laser kwibhendi engu-1260 kuya ku-1360nm, futhi eyaphansi isebenzisa ibhendi engu-1480 kuya ku-1580nm. Kuluphu ye-dual-fiber, kokubili ukuya phezulu nomfula kusebenzisa ibhendi engu-1310nm ukudlulisa amasignali.

I-FTTH inobuchwepheshe obubili: I-Media Converter (MC) ne-Passive Optical Network (PON). I-MC isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukufaka esikhundleni sezintambo zethusi ezisetshenziswa kumanethiwekhi endabuko e-Ethernet, futhi yamukela i-topology yenethiwekhi ye-point-to-point (P2P) ukuze idlulisele izinsiza ezingu-100Mbps ezindlini zabasebenzisi ngokusebenzisa ama-optical fibers. isignali evela ku-optical line terminal (OLT) ezansi nomfula nge-fiber optical ngokusebenzisa isihlukanisi esibonakalayo ukuze kudluliselwe isignali yokubona kutheminali ngayinye yenethiwekhi yokubona (I-ONU/T), ngaleyo ndlela kwehlisa kakhulu igumbi lempahla yenethiwekhi Kanye nezindleko zokunakekelwa kwemishini, konga izindleko eziningi zokwakha njengezintambo ezibonakalayo, ngakho-ke isiphenduke ubuchwepheshe bakamuva obushisayo be-FTTH. I-FTTH okwamanje inezixazululo ezintathu: isixazululo se-FTTH sokukhomba-kuya-ephuzwini, isixazululo se-EPON FTTH kanye nesixazululo se-GPON FTTH.

Isixazululo se-FTTH esisekelwe ku-P2P

I-P2P iyi-point-to-point optical fiber connection Ethernet transmission technology. Iphinde isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-WDM ukuze kuzuzwe ukuxhumana okubili. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-EPON, inezici zokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe okulula, intengo ephansi nokufinyelela okulula kwenani elincane labasebenzisi.

Inethiwekhi ye-P2P FTTH idlulisa amaza amaza akhuphukayo naphansi komfula ku-fiber eyodwa yokubona phakathi kwehhovisi elimaphakathi.shintshakanye nemishini yomsebenzisi nge-WDM, futhi umsebenzisi ngamunye udinga i-fiber eyodwa kuphela. I-wavelength ekhuphukayo ingu-1310nm, futhi i-wavelength engezansi ingu-1550nm. Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-optical fiber transmission, i-Ethernet inwetshwa ngokuqondile kusukela ehhovisi eliphakathi kuya kudeskithophu yomsebenzisi. Ngenkathi ihlinzeka ngendlela yomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nendlela yokufinyelela eyongayo, iqeda ubunzima bokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokugcinwa kwephaseji.shintshangendlela yokufinyelela ye-Ethernet yendabuko, futhi igwema Ubunzima bokubuyisela utshalomali olubangelwa izinga eliphansi lokuvula, ukuvulwa okuvumelana nezimo nokuphepha okuphezulu. Esixazululweni se-P2P, abasebenzisi bangajabulela ngempela umkhawulokudonsa ongu-100M kuphela, futhi basekele kalula izinsizakalo zomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu ezifana nefoni yefoni, ividiyo edingeka kakhulu, i-telemedicine, kanye nemfundo yebanga. Nakuba isekela izinhlelo zokusebenza zedatha enesivinini esikhulu, inganikeza isikhombimsebenzisi se-E1 nesixhumi esibonakalayo se-POTS, ukuze izinsiza ezihlukahlukene ekuqaleni ezazidinga izintambo ezizimele zingaxazululwa ngefayibha eyodwa.

Isixazululo se-FTTH esisekelwe ku-EPON

I-EPON isebenzisa isakhiwo se-point-to-multipoint kanye nendlela yokudlulisa i-fiber optical passive. Izinga eliphansi lomfula okwamanje lingafinyelela ku-10Gb/s, futhi umfula okhuphukayo uthumela ukusakazwa kwedatha ngokuqhuma kwamaphakethe e-Ethernet. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-EPON futhi ihlinzeka ngemisebenzi ethile, ukugcinwa nokuphatha (i-OAM).I-EPONubuchwepheshe buhambisana kahle nemishini ekhona. Ubuchwepheshe obusha obuthuthukisiwe be-Quality of Service (QoS) benza kube nokwenzeka ukuthi i-Ethernet isekele izinsiza zezwi, idatha nezithombe. Lobu buchwepheshe buhlanganisa ukwesekwa kwe-duplex egcwele, okubalulekile kanye nenethiwekhi yendawo yendawo (VLAN).

I-EPON isebenzisa i-optical fiber ukuze ixhume phakathi kwemishini yehhovisi emaphakathi ne-ODN optical coupler. Ngemva kokuhlukanisa ngokusebenzisa i-coupler ebonakalayo, abasebenzisi abangafika kwabangama-32 bangaxhunywa. I-wavelength ekhuphukayo ingu-1310nm, kanti i-wavelength engezansi ingu-1490nm. I-fiber optical evela embobeni ye-PON yeOLTihlanganisa i-analog engu-1550nm noma isignali ye-CATV yedijithali kufiber optical ngokusebenzisa i-multiplexer, bese ixhumaI-ONUngemuva kokuhlukaniswa yi-optical coupler. II-ONUihlukanisa isignali ye-CATV engu-1550nm futhi iyiguqule ibe isignali yefrikhwensi yomsakazo engatholwa yi-TV evamile. II-ONUfuthi icubungula isignali yedatha ethunyelwe yi-OLTfuthi iyithumele esibonakalayo somsebenzisi.Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi singanikeza ukuxhumana kwe-FE ne-TDM ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zesevisi yomsebenzisi zokufinyelela i-broadband, futhi kuyahambisana nezidingo zesevisi ye-TDM yabasebenzisi abakhona. I-EPON isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-WDM ukuze ibone ukuxhumana kwe-point-to-multipoint ku-fiber optical eyodwa. Inezici zefomethi esobala kanye nenani eliphansi, futhi ivumelana nethrendi yokuthuthukiswa kwamanethiwekhi esizukulwane esilandelayo asekelwe ku-IP. Ngokucabangela ukuthi ikusasa "amanethiwekhi amathathu kwelinye" azosebenzisa i-IP njengephrothokholi eyinhloko, ochwepheshe abaningi bakholelwa ukuthi i-EPON iyisixazululo esingcono kakhulu sokubona i-FTTH esikhathini esizayo.

Isixazululo se-FTTH esisekelwe ku-GPON

I-GPONubuchwepheshe bamuva nje bokufinyelela olwethulwe yi-ITU-T ngemva kwe-A/BPON. Ngo-2001, i-FSAN yaqala omunye umsebenzi ojwayelekile okuhloswe ngawo ukumisa amanethiwekhi e-PON (GPON) anesivinini sokusebenza esingaphezu kuka-1Gb/s. Ngaphezu kokusekela isivinini esiphezulu, i-GPON iphinde isekele izinsiza eziningi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu, ihlinzeka ngemisebenzi eminingi ye-OAM&P kanye nokukaleka okuhle. Izici eziyinhloko ze-GPON yilezi:

1) Sekela zonke izinsiza.

2) Ibanga lokuhamba okungenani lingama-20km.

3) Sekela amanani amaningi ngaphansi kwephrothokholi efanayo.

4) Nikeza umsebenzi we-OAM&P.

5) Ngokwezici zokusakaza zethrafikhi ye-PON eyehla nomfula, indlela yokuvikela ukuphepha kusendlalelo sephrothokholi inikezwa.

Izinga le-GPON lihlinzeka ngezinga lokudlulisela elisebenza kahle kakhulu lezinsizakalo ezahlukene, kuyilapho kucatshangelwa imisebenzi ye-OAM&P kanye nokuthuthukisa amakhono. I-GPON ayihlinzeki nje kuphela ngomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, kodwa futhi isekela izinsizakalo ezihlukahlukene zokufinyelela, ikakhulukazi kudatha kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-TDM, isekela ifomethi yasekuqaleni ngaphandle kokuguqulwa.I-GPON yamukela i-protocol entsha ye-convergence layer protocol "i-General Framing Protocol (GFP)" ukuze ibone ukuhlanganisa okuningi. imifudlana yesevisi; okwamanje, igcina imisebenzi eminingi ku-G.983 engahlobene ngokuqondile nephrothokholi ye-PON, njenge-OAM ne-DBA.