Siyini isakhiwo senethiwekhi ye-Optical Access Network (OAN)
I-Optical access network (OAN) ibhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-optical fibre njengendlela yokudlulisa eyinhloko ukuze kuqashwe umsebenzi wokudlulisa ulwazi wenethiwekhi yokufinyelela. Ixhunywe ku-node yesevisi ngokusebenzisa i-terminal optical line (OLT), futhi ixhunywe kumsebenzisi ngeyunithi yenethiwekhi yokubona (I-ONU). Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela i-fiber optical ihlanganisa iyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-remote-optical network kanye netheminali ye-office central-optical line, exhunywe ngemishini yokudlulisela.Izingxenye eziyinhloko zesistimu yileziOLTkanye nesilawuli kudeI-ONU.Baqedela ukuguqulwa kwamaphrothokholi okusayina kusuka kusixhumi esibonakalayo se-service node (SNI) kuya ku-interface yenethiwekhi yomsebenzisi (UNI) kuyo yonke inethiwekhi yokufinyelela. Idivayisi yokufinyelela ngokwayo nayo inamakhono okuxhumana futhi ingakha izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene ze-topology yenethiwekhi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinto zokufinyelela nazo zinemisebenzi yokunakekelwa kwendawo kanye nokuqapha okuphakathi nendawo, ukwakha inethiwekhi yokuphatha ukugcinwa ngokudluliswa kwe-optical transparent, nokuyiletha esikhungweni sokuphatha inethiwekhi yokuphatha okuhlangene ngokusebenzisa iphrothokholi yokuphatha inethiwekhi ehambisanayo.
Indima ye-OLTukuhlinzeka ngokuxhumana phakathi kwenethiwekhi yokufinyelela nendawoshintsha, futhi uxhumane neyunithi yenethiwekhi ye-optical ohlangothini lomsebenzisi ngokudluliswa kwe-optical. Ihlukanisa ngokuphelele umsebenzi wokushintsha weshintshakusukela ekufinyeleleni komsebenzisi. Itheminali ye-optical line inikeza ukunakekelwa nokuqapha yona kanye nesiphetho somsebenzisi. Ingabekwa ngokuqondile ekugcineni kwehhovisi lokushintshisana kanye nokushintshisana kwendawo, noma ingasethwa ekugcineni okukude.
Umsebenzi weI-ONUiwukunikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo sohlangothi lomsebenzisi senethiwekhi yokufinyelela. Ingaxhunywa kumatheminali ahlukahlukene wabasebenzisi, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo inomsebenzi wokuguqula isithombe sikagesi kanye nemisebenzi ehambisanayo yokugcinwa nokuqapha. Umsebenzi oyinhloko weI-ONUukuqeda i-fiber optical kusuka ku-OLT, cubungula isignali yokubona futhi inikeze ukuxhumana kwesevisi kumabhizinisi amancane amaningi, abasebenzisi bebhizinisi nabasebenzisi bezindawo zokuhlala. Ukuphela kwenethiwekhi kweI-ONUiyisixhumi esibonakalayo esibonakalayo, futhi isiphetho saso somsebenzisi siwukuxhumana kagesi. Ngakho-ke,I-ONUinemisebenzi yokuguqula i-optical/electric/optical. Iphinde ibe nemisebenzi yedijithali/i-analogi kanye nokuguqulwa kwe-analogi/yedijithali kwengxoxo. II-ONUngokuvamile ibekwe eduze nomsebenzisi, futhi indawo yayo inokuguquguquka okukhulu.
I-Optical Access Network (OAN) ihlukaniswe yaba yi-Active Optical Network (AON, Active Optical Network) kanye ne-Passive Optical Network (PON, Passive Optica Optical Network) ngokuya ngokusabalalisa uhlelo.
Isakhiwo se-topological senethiwekhi yokufinyelela i-fiber optical sibhekisela ekuhlelweni kwejometri yemigqa yokudlulisela kanye namanodi. Ibonisa ukuma okuhlangene kanye nesakhiwo sokuxhumana senodi ngayinye kunethiwekhi. Isakhiwo se-topological senethiwekhi sinethonya elibalulekile emsebenzini wenethiwekhi, izindleko nokuthembeka. Izakhiwo ezintathu eziyisisekelo ze-topological yilezi: okumise okwebhasi, okumise okwendandatho nokumise okwenkanyezi. Kulokhu, inkanyezi yebhasi, inkanyezi ephindwe kabili, i-double-ring, ibhasi-ibhasi namanye amafomu okufaka isicelo ahlanganisiwe angatholakala. Ngayinye inezici zayo kanye nesengezo esihambisanayo.