Ukusetshenziswa kwe-EPON Technology ku-FTTx Access Network

Ubuchwepheshe obusekelwe ku-EPON be-FTTx bunobuhle bomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, izindleko eziphansi zokunakekela, kanye nobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe. Okwesibili, yethula imodeli yohlelo lokusebenza evamile ye-EPON ku-FTTx, bese ihlaziya izici ezibalulekile zobuchwepheshe be-EPON kuhlelo lokusebenza bese ihlaziya i-EPON. Izinzuzo ziyahlaziywa. Izingqinamba ezintathu ezibalulekile zeOLTukuma kwenethiwekhi yemishini, imodi yenethiwekhi yesevisi yezwi, kanye nezakhiwo ezididiyelwe zokuphathwa kwenethiwekhi kunethiwekhi yokufinyelela ye-FTTx esekelwe ku-EPON kuyahlaziywa.

1, Ukuhlaziywa kwesimo sohlelo lokusebenza lwe-EPON

Ubuchwepheshe be-EPON njengamanje buwukuqaliswa okuyinhloko kokufinyelela kwe-broadband optical kanye ne-FTTx. Uma kucatshangelwa izici zobuchwepheshe be-EPON, ukuvuthwa, izindleko zokutshala imali, izidingo zebhizinisi, ukuncintisana kwemakethe nezinye izici, ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko kobuchwepheshe be-EPON kungahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

I-FTTH (I-Fiber eya Ekhaya), i-FTTD (I-Fiber to the Desktop), i-FTTB (I-Fiber eya Esakhiweni), i-FTTN/V, njll. Izindlela ezine zibonakala ngokuyinhloko emehlukweni wokuma kokuphela kwekhebuli yokubona, ubude bentambo yethusi yokufinyelela, kanye nebanga labasebenzisi elimbozwe inodi eyodwa, Thola indawo yokungena yefiber kanyeI-ONUku-X ku-FTTx. Ngokusetshenziswa kwe-FTTx ehlukahlukene ukuze kuzuzwe i-optical fiber, umgomo omkhulu we-FTTH wokuthuthukisa i-optical fiber ekhaya, i-FTTB/FTTN iyindlela yokuthunyelwa eyonga kakhulu kulesi sigaba.

I-EPON ithatha i-Ethernet njengesithwali, ithatha indawo eya esakhiweni samaphuzu amaningi kanye nemodi yokudlulisa i-fiber optical passive. Izinga le-downlink lingafinyelela ku-10Gbit / s okwamanje, futhi i-uplink ithumela ukusakazwa kwedatha ngendlela yamaphakethe e-Ethernet aqhuma. Njengamanje, i-EPON Technology isetshenziswe kabanzi kuzo zonke izinhlobo zemodi yokwakha yama-opharetha "i-optical in copper out". Ngokombono wokuguquguquka kwenethiwekhi ye-FTTx yesikhathi eside, ukubukeka kwe-10G EPON Technology futhi kunikeza isisombululo esingcono sokuthuthukiswa okushelelayo kwenethiwekhi yabaqhubi be-FTTx.

I-FTTx isebenzisa i-fiber optical njengendlela yokudlulisa, enezinzuzo zomthamo omkhulu wokudlulisa, ikhwalithi ephezulu, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, ibanga elide lokudlulisela, kanye nokuphazanyiswa kwe-anti-electromagnetic. Kuyinkomba yokuthuthukiswa kokufinyelela kwe-broadband.

(1) indlela ye-FTTH

I-FTTH, noma indlela ye-fiber-to-the-home, ifanele izindawo lapho abasebenzisi behlala khona ngokuqhathaniswa, njengezindlu ezihlala ezindaweni zokuhlala, lapho abasebenzisi benezidingo eziphakeme zomkhawulokudonsa, futhi abathuthukisi babambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekwakhiweni kwenethiwekhi.I-FTTH iyaqaphela “konke ukufinyelela kokubona, akukho thusi kulo lonke lolu hlelo”. Inodi eyodwa ihambisana nomsebenzisi oyedwa. Umsebenzisi uthola umkhawulokudonsa onamandla namandla ebhizinisi, kodwa izindleko zokwakha nazo ziphezulu.

(2) Indlela ye-FTTD

Indlela ye-FTTD ifanele izimo lapho izakhiwo zamahhovisi ezisezingeni eliphezulu kanye nabanye abasebenzisi zigxilile futhi zidinga umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, futhi ifaneleka nezimo lapho izinsizakalo zomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu ezifana ne-IPTV zithuthukiswa ezindaweni zokuhlala eziminyene. Indlela yokuxhumana ejwayelekile ukukhipha ikhebula le-optical ku-OLTehhovisi eliphakathi nesakhiwo, beka i-optical splitter ekamelweni lokunikeza noma ephasishi lesakhiwo, futhi ulixhume kudeskithophu yomsebenzisi ngekhebula lesakhiwo noma intambo yokudonsa.Kulokhu, kubalulekile ukukhetha ukuthi uzoyibeka yini isihlukanisi sokubona ephasejini noma egunjini lokunikeza lesakhiwo ngokuya ngokuqina kwabasebenzisi. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, kucatshangelwa ukuthi kulula ukufakwa, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhuma okubandayo kufanele busetshenziswe ngangokunokwenzeka lapho kufakwaI-ONUohlangothini lomsebenzisi.

(3) Indlela ye-FTTB

Indlela ye-FTTB ifanele izimo lapho inani elihlobene labasebenzisi esakhiweni sebhizinisi elilodwa lincane futhi izidingo zomkhawulokudonsa zingekho phezulu. I-FTTB ibona “ifayibha esakhiweni, ithusi alisuki esakhiweni”.Intambo yokubona yomqhubi idlulela esakhiweni, futhi indawo yokufinyelela isetshenziswa ephaseji. Ngale node, izidingo zebhizinisi zabo bonke abasebenzisi esakhiweni zihlanganisiwe, futhi umkhawulokudonsa wokufinyelela komsebenzisi kanye namakhono ebhizinisi ahlala ephezulu kakhulu, yisisombululo esivamile semiphakathi esanda kwakhiwa;

(4) Indlela ye-FTTN/V

I-FTTN/V ngokuyisisekelo “iyifayibha emphakathini (esigodini), ithusi alikwazi ukushiya umphakathi (isigodi)”, u-opharetha usebenzisa ikhebula le-fiber optic emphakathini (esigodini), futhi afake inombolo encane noma amanodi kuphela endaweni. Igumbi lekhompiyutha noma iKhabhinethi yangaphandle yomphakathi (idolobhana) ,Ukufeza ukusabalala kwebhizinisi kubasebenzisi kuwo wonke umphakathi (idolobhana), kanye nomkhawulokudonsa wayo wokufinyelela kanye namakhono ebhizinisi abuthaka uma kuqhathaniswa. Kuyisixazululo esijwayelekile sokwakhiwa kabusha kwedolobha kanye nezindawo zasemakhaya "i-optical copper retreat".

Izindlela zokuxhumana ezihlukene zithinta ngqo ukwakhiwa kwe-ODN kanye nezilungiselelo zezinto zenethiwekhi ye-PON. Imodi yokuxhumana efanele kufanele ikhethwe ngokwezidingo zangempela. Inkundla yenethiwekhi ye-FTTx eyabiwe ngamakhasimende ahlukahlukene kanye nezindlela ezihlukahlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza zenethiwekhi ye-FTTx zingasethwa ezifundeni ezahlukene.

2, Ukuhlaziywa kwenkinga kwe-EPON ekusetshenzisweni

2.1 Amaphuzu abalulekile e-EPON ekuhlelweni kwephrojekthi

I-EPON ibheka kakhulu izinto ezi-4 ekuhleleni iphrojekthi: ukuhlela inethiwekhi yekhebula elikhanyayo,OLTindawo yokufaka, indawo yokufaka i-optical splitter, kanyeI-ONUuhlobo.

Ipulani yesakhiwo sekhebuli yokubona, indlela yokungena ekhaya, nokukhetha kwekhebula elikhanyayo/i-fiber yizindaba ezibucayi kakhulu kunqubo yenethiwekhi ye-EPON, ezothinta ngokuqondile ukutshalwa kwezimali okuphelele, ukusetshenziswa kwekhebula elibonakalayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezisetshenziswa kanye nepayipi. ukusetshenziswa. Ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe be-PON kubeka izimfuno eziphezulu kumodi yenethiwekhi yenethiwekhi yomsebenzisi yamanje ye-optical cable, ikakhulukazi ekuhlelweni kwamakhebuli okusebenza okusebenza ngaphakathi kweseli. Uma ikhebula le-fiber optic lisetshenziswa ngokuhlukene kumsebenzisi ngamunye, kudingeka inani elikhulu lamakhebula e-fiber optic kuseli, elizodla inani elikhulu lezinsiza zamapayipi kuseli, okuholela ekwenyukeni kwezindleko zomsebenzisi ngamunye. Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle ekuhleleni inethiwekhi yekhebula ye-optical yomsebenzisi esigabeni sokuqala sokwakhiwa, okuhlanganisa i-backbone optical cable routing, inombolo eyinhloko, njll, ukugwema ukuchithwa kwezinsiza ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukubekwa kwe-OLTfuthi i-splitter izothinta kakhulu ukwakheka nezindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali zenethiwekhi yekhebula yokubona. Ngokwesibonelo,OLTUkusatshalaliswa ehhovisi eliphakathi kuzothatha ingxenye yekhebula le-backbone optical cable, kanti ukusatshalaliswa emphakathini kukhawulelwe yizinsiza zegumbi lasehhovisi kanye nezindleko ezisekelayo. Esigabeni sokuqala sentuthuko, kuyanconywa ukuthi kutshalweOLTehhovisi elikhulu. Lapho kukhethwa indawo yedivayisi ngayinye, ukusatshalaliswa kwabasebenzisi kuseli kanye nezidingo zomkhawulokudonsa wabasebenzisi abahlukene kufanele kucatshangelwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi iqembu labasebenzisi eliminyene kanye neqembu labasebenzisi abahlakazekile kufanele baphathwe ngokwehlukana.

Uhlobo lweI-ONUkufanele kukhethwe ngokuhambisana nesakhiwo sekhebula endaweni yokufinyelela.Ama-ONUikakhulukazi i-POS+DSL ne-POS+LAN. Isibonelo, lapho izintambo zesakhiwo emphakathini zinepheya esontekile kuphela, i-I-ONUizosebenzisa i-POS+DSL, Ukufinyelela ngezwi nge-softswitch, ukufinyelela kwe-broadband nge-ADSL/VDSL; lapho kwakhiwa izintambo emphakathini zisebenzisa izintambo zeSigaba 5,I-ONUizosebenzisa imishini ye-POS+LAN, kanye nezakhiwo zamahhovisi, amayunithi, namapaki anezintambo ezihlanganisiwe,Ama-ONUizosebenzisa Izisetshenziswa ezine-interface ye-LAN.

Ekwakhiweni kobunjiniyela, inani eliphakeme lokuncishiswa ku-ODN kufanele lilawulwe, futhi kuyanconywa ukuthi lilawuleke ngaphakathi kuka-26dB.

2.2 Izici ze-EPON kunethiwekhi ye-FTTX

Uma kuqhathaniswa nobuchwepheshe bokufinyelela bendabuko, ubuchwepheshe be-FTTx obukhula ngokukhula obusekelwe ku-EPON bunezinzuzo ezilandelayo:

(1) Ubuchwepheshe bulula, izindleko ziphansi, futhi izinsiza ze-IP zingadluliswa ngendlela efanele, ehambisana nokusatshalaliswa okuguquguqukayo nokushesha kwezinsizakalo. I-EPON ilula ukwakha. I-ODN isetshenziswa esakhiweni, futhiAma-ONUzitshalwe ngasohlangothini lomsebenzisi ukuze zihlinzeke ngamasevisi ahlukahlukene. Isikhathi sokwakha sifushane futhi ukuthunyelwa kwesevisi kulula futhi kuyavumelana nezimo.

(2) Ohlelweni, asikho isidingo sokumisa izinto ezisetshenziswayo zendabuko phakathi kwehhovisi elimaphakathi nendawo yabasebenzisi, konga ukwakhiwa kwegumbi lekhompyutha. I-ODN iyithuluzi lokwenziwa. Kulula ukuthola indawo yokwakhiwa kwe-ODN esakhiweni, okunciphisa izindleko zokwakha, ukuqashisa nokugcinwa kwegumbi lekhompyutha.

(3) Inethiwekhi iyonga futhi yonga izindleko zokwakha inethiwekhi. Inethiwekhi ye-FTTx yamukela isakhiwo se-point-to-multipoint, esilondoloza izinsiza eziningi ze-fiber fiber. Ifayibha enesivinini esikhulu ingasebenzela abasebenzisi abaningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, okuthuthukisa kakhulu imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwezimali ekwakhiweni kwenethiwekhi.

(4) Kulula ukunakekela nokuphatha. Kukhona ukuphathwa kwenethiwekhi okuhlanganisiwe kwe-EPON ehhovisi elimaphakathi, elingaphatha uhlangothi lomsebenzisiI-ONU, okulula ukuyiphatha nokuyinakekela kunemodemu ye-HDSL noma imodemu yokubona.

3, Isiphetho

Ngamafuphi, abaqhubi babhekene nezinhlobo ezinzima zokuncintisana. Emkhakheni wokufinyelela amanethiwekhi, kuphela uma o-opharetha bekhetha indlela yokufinyelela eyiyo lapho bengaqinisekisa ngokugcwele izithakazelo zabasebenzisi futhi bahlangabezane nezidingo zebhizinisi ezishintsha njalo.Uhlelo lwe-EPON wubuchwepheshe obusha bokufinyelela obubhekene nekusasa. Uhlelo lwe-EPON luyinkundla yezinsizakalo eziningi futhi luyisinqumo esihle sokushintshela kunethiwekhi ye-IP yonke. I-EPON ingahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo zokufinyelela zesivinini esikhulu, ezithembekile, zesevisi eziningi nezilawulekayo ngezindleko eziphansi uma kuqhathaniswa, okuwukubonakaliswa okugcwele kanye nesiqinisekiso senani kubasebenzisi bokufinyelela nabasebenzisi.