Ngokukhanya, singabona izimbali nezitshalo ezizungezile ngisho nomhlaba. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa “ngokukhanya”, singakwazi futhi ukudlulisa ukwaziswa, okubizwa ngokuthi ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic.” Umagazini i-Scientific American” wake waphawula: “Ukukhulumisana ngemicu kungenye yezinto ezine eziqanjwe kakhulu kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II. ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic, bekungeke kube namanethiwekhi e-inthanethi nokuxhumana namuhla. ”
I-Optical fibre communication iyindlela yokuxhumana lapho amaza okukhanya asetshenziswa khona njengesiphathi kanye nemicu yokubona noma imicu yokubona isetshenziswa njengendlela yokudlulisela. Umsuka wokuxhumana “wokukhanya” ngomqondo wesimanje usukela emuva ocingweni olubonayo olwasungulwa ngu-Bell ngo. 1880.Ifoni yokubona ihlanganisa umthombo wokukhanya wesibani se-arc, imakrofoni ethola ukukhanya ngokuphendula umsindo, kanye nesamukeli esibuyisela isignali yomsindo yasekuqaleni.Isimiso siwukuthi izwi lomthumeli liguqulwa libe isignali yokubona. . Ngemva kokudlulisela, umamukeli ubuyela kusignali kagesi, bese isignali kagesi ibuyiselwa ocingweni lwezwi.
Nakuba ukuxhumana “okukhanyayo” kunesiqalo esihle, kodwa isikhathi eside, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana be-fiber-optic abukathuthukisiwe kahle.Okokuqala, ngenxa yokuthi akutholakalanga umthombo wokukhanya ofanelekile.Okwesibili, yayingekho indlela enhle yokudlulisa amasignali okukhanya. ngawo-1960, ukuzalwa kwe-ruby lasers kwaphefumulela ososayensi. Ama-Lasers anezinzuzo ze-spectrum encane, isiqondiso esihle, kanye nemvamisa ephezulu kanye nokufana kwesigaba, okuwenza abe umthombo okahle wezokuxhumana nge-fiber-optic.Ngo-1966, owawina uMklomelo kaNobel u-Gao Song wahlongoza ukusebenzisa i-quartz glass fiber (okungukuthi, i-optical fiber, okubhekiselwe kuyo. Ngokusekelwe kulo mbono, ngo-1970, i-Corning Company yase-United States yachitha izigidi ezingu-30 zamadola ase-US ukukhiqiza amasampula amathathu e-fiber ubude obungamamitha angu-30, okuyi-fiber yokuqala emhlabeni ene-practical. ukubaluleka kokuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic. Kuleli qophelo, ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumana nge-fiber optical bungenise entwasahlobo yentuthuko.
Ukuxhumana kwe-fiber optical ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izingxenye ezintathu, i-optical fibre, i-optical transmitter kanye ne-optical receiver. Kafushane, i-optical transmitter ingakwazi ukuguqula isignali yangempela ibe isignali yokubona, edluliselwa kumamukeli optical ngeshaneli ye-fiber optical, futhi ekugcineni isamukeli se-optical sibuyisela isignali eyamukelwe kusignali yokuqala.
Abantu bazame kanzima ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana be-fiber-optic ngoba abunazo nje kuphela izinzuzo zezobuchwepheshe eziphakeme kodwa futhi nokuncintisana okuqinile kwezomnotho uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuxhumana zangaphambilini.Imvamisa ye-optical carrier esetshenziselwa ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic iku-oda lika-100 THz, kude. okwedlula imvamisa yama-microwaves ukusuka ku-1 GHz ukuya ku-10 GHz. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umthamo wolwazi wokuxhumana optical uphakeme ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-10,000 kunalawo wezinhlelo ze-microwave. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuxhumana kwe-fiber-optic nakho kunekhono elihle lokunqanda ukuphazamiseka, njenge-anti- umsindo wangemuva kanye nokuphazamiseka kwe-anti-electromagnetic, okungaqinisekisa ubumfihlo bokuxhumana nokuphepha ngezinga elithile, futhi usayizi mncane futhi kulula ukubeka.
Namuhla, ukuxhumana nge-fiber-optic kusetshenziswa kabanzi kumanethiwekhi okuxhumana, i-inthanethi, namanethiwekhi kamabonakude ezintambo. Iyathuthuka iqonde ngesivinini esikhulu, ukupakishwa, ukuxhumana nobuhlakani, ukufaka amandla amasha emkhakheni wezokuxhumana. Nokho, ngokukhula okusheshayo kokusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi yeselula, i-cloud computing, idatha enkulu kanye ne-inthanethi yezinto, ukwanda kwethrafikhi nakho kuletha izinselelo ezinkulu kunethiwekhi yolwazi nezokuxhumana, futhi ukuxazulula inkinga “yokukhula okukhulu” kokugeleza kwedatha yenethiwekhi sekuba indawo ephakemeyo enokuncintisana emkhakheni wolwazi nokuxhumana womhlaba.
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