Itheminali yenethiwekhi ye-Optical (evame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-optical cat noma imodemu yokubona), ibhekisela ekudluliselweni kwe-th.i-fiber medium, i-optical signal modulation kanye nokwehliswa kwezinye izimpawu zephrothokholi yemishini yenethiwekhi. Idivayisi ye-Lightcat isebenza njengedivaysi yokudlulisa i-relay yamanethiwekhi amakhulu endawo, amanethiwekhi endawo yedolobha elikhulu kanye namanethiwekhi endawo ebanzi. Ihluke ku-transceiver optical, i-transceiver ebonakalayo ithola kuphela futhi ikhiphe ukukhanya, futhi ayibandakanyi ukuguqulwa kwephrothokholi.
I-Modemu iyisisetshenziswa se-elekthronikhi esishintsha isignali yedijithali iye kusiginali ye-analogi ukuze idluliselwe, futhi yehlise isignali ye-analogi eyamukelwe ukuze ithole isignali yedijithali. Umgomo wayo ukukhiqiza isignali ye-analog engadluliselwa kalula futhi ubuyisele i-digita yasekuqalenil isignali ngokuqopha. Ngokuya ngohlelo lokusebenza, i-MODEM ingasebenzisa izindlela ezihlukile zokudlulisa amasiginali e-analog, njengefiber optics, umsakazo we-RF, noma izintambo zocingo.
Amamodemu ocingo asebenzisa ibhande lomsindo welayini yocingo evamile ekuxhumaneni kwedatha yi-mamamodemu ajwayele ukuhlangana nawo. NgesiNgisi esikhulunywayo, abantu abaningi babhekisela kumodemu yefoni njengokuthi "ikati" noma "umlingo" ngokusekelwe kuhlamvu lokuqala lokuphimisa kwesiNgisi.
Amanye amamodemu avamile ahlanganisa amamodemu ekhebula okufinyelela idatha ye-broadband, amamodemu e-ADSL, namamodemu efayibha. Iselula yedijithali empeleni iyimodemu engenantambo. Imishini yesimanje yokudlulisa ezokuxhumana iklanyelwe ukudlulisa amanani amakhulu olwazi kumabanga amade emithonjeni yezindaba ehlukene, ngakho futhi isekelwe emsebenzini wemodemu. Amamodemu e-Microwave angasetshenziswa ezigidini zamabhithi ngomzuzwana. Imodemu yokubona esebenzisa i-fiber optical njengoba i-transmission medium ingafinyelela ngaphezu kwamashumi e-Gbps, manje isiwumgogodla wokudluliselwa kwezokuxhumana nge-Passive optical network (Passive optical network), eyaziwa nangokuthi i-passive optical fiber network, iwuhlobo lokuxhumana nge-fiber optical. inethiwekhi, ebonakala ngokungabikho kwamandla okuqedela ukucutshungulwa kwesignali, njengesibuko ekhaya, ayidingi ugesi ukuze ibonise isithombe, ngaphezu kwemishini yokugcina idinga ukusebenzisa ugesi, Ama-node phakathi ayenziwe izingxenye ezithambile nezincane ze-fiber optic.
Ngokomqondo weNew Generation Network (NGN), inethiwekhi yezokuxhumana ingahlukaniswa cishe izingxenye ezimbili: inethiwekhi eyinhloko kanye nenethiwekhi yokufinyelela. Inethiwekhi ewumgogodla ilingana nemigqa yendabuko edluliswayo kanye nebanga elide. Inethiwekhi yokufinyelela inendandatho yezintambo ze-fiber optic. Imisebenzi yenethiwekhi ewumongo kanye nenethiwekhi yokufinyelela ihlukile, futhi amafomu awo okudlulisela nawo ahlukile. Ngakho-ke, izinhlelo ze-PON zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo ezimbili: I-PON yenethiwekhi eyinhloko kanye ne-PON yenethiwekhi yokufinyelela. Eyokuqala isekelwe ngokuyinhloko ku-WDM, futhi yokugcina isebenzisa kokubili i-optical diverter kanye nezingxenye ze-WDM.
Ulwazi olungenhla luyincazelo emfushane mayelana netheminali yenethiwekhi yamehlo elethwa i-Shenzhen HDV Phoelectron Technology LTD., engumkhiqizi onguchwepheshe bemishini yenethiwekhi yezokuxhumana njengemikhiqizo yayo eyinhloko. Imishini yabo ehlobene ihlobene nalokhu:oltwena/ ehlakaniphilewena/acwena/ fiberwena/catvwena/gponwena/xponwena/ oltimpahla/oltshintsha/gponolt/ ephooltnokunye, wamukelekile abasebenzisi ukuthi beze ekuboniseni umkhiqizo.
